scholarly journals Greening Kenya’s Special Economic Zones and Industrial Parks: Achieving their Competitiveness in the face of Resource Scarcity and a Changing Climate Regime

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Kelvin Khisa ◽  
Arthur Onyuka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Economic Development Model ◽  
Economic Zones

The culture of industrialization through special economic zones (SEZs) and industrial parks (IPs) is gathering momentum in Kenya. Increasingly, the Kenyan private sector is recognizing that SEZs/ IPs do provide an enabling environment for manufacturing comprising of energy, water, telecommunications, transport, and waste management infrastructure that is non-existent in other manufacturing locations across the country. Because SEZs/ IPs concentrate industries in delimited zones, their strict adherence to the ideals of resource use efficiency and eco-innovation as well as waste and by-product exchange through industrial symbiosis (IS) will enable them increase their productivity and lower their carbon footprints while remaining competitive. Unfortunately, the current master plans governing the planning, design, construction, and operationalization of the country’s SEZs/IPs are based on the wasteful linear economic development model of extracting raw materials, converting them into consumable products and discarding the resultant wastes into the landfill/ dumpsite. This traditional linear economic development model is characterized with linear flows of matter, where raw material inputs are mined, value added into desired products, made use of, and discarded with a trail of waste at every stage of the supply chain. Such an approach to economic development can only be sustainable in a situation where the country is endowed with endless resources for its increasing demand and that land is always available for waste disposal. This is certainly not the case for Kenya. As a result, there is emerging international consensus that over-reliance on wasteful linear economic development models is no longer sustainable. A much more promising economic development model is one that seeks to promote a circular economy that is powered by enhanced resource use efficiency, the adoption of the 3R philosophy of reducing, reusing, and recycling wastes, before engaging industrial symbiosis to deal with the inevitable residual waste. This paper highlights the environmental and socio-economic benefits of the spontaneous evolution of industrial symbiosis at the Athi River SEZ in four clusters. The results reveal a spontaneously emerging cluster network within the economic zone that is largely driven by the prevailing forces of supply and demand; an existing intercompany material flow system that is being hampered by a weak waste recovery and recycling infrastructure; a limited application of the principles of industrial ecology in mitigating the environmental challenges of the economic zone; and a weak governance structure that is incapable of enabling the entire economic zone to assume low-carbon, resource efficient and climate resilient operational status.

scholarly journals A First Nation Economic Development Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Carole Delion
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
First Nations ◽  
First Nation ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Healthy Tree ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Economic Development Model ◽  
Legislative Processes ◽  
Development And Evolution

Achieving balance is not an easy task for First Nations, as there are numerous obstacles to overcome by manoeuvring through the legislative processes at the federal and provincial jurisdictional levels.  The goal of this paper is to explore how to grow a sustainable economic development model within a First Nation, using the example of Aamjiwnaang First Nation, a small community that is located in southern Ontario. It will document the development and evolution of Aamjiwnaang’s economic development model, named A Healthy Tree, which is founded on Elder and Aamjiwnaang Chief Gerald Maness, Sr.’s concept of the community as a tree.  The paper will demonstrate the steps taken and the best practices used for turning obstacles into opportunities.  Finally, it will address a major issue facing the Aamjiwnaang Band Council:  how it can proceed when the Head Lease expires in 2025.Keywords: First Nations, communities, economic development, strategic planning, industrial parks

Resource Use Efficiency in Gram Production of Amravati Division

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 532-534
Author(s):  
Ganeshkumar D Rede ◽  
◽  
Dr. S. J. Kakde Dr. S. J. Kakde ◽  
Vanita Khobarkar
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

Role of Finance in Resource use Efficiency and Constraints in Banana Cultivation in Uttar Pradesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 437-441
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Regular Source ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Information

The study was conducted using purposive cum random sampling technique and two hundred respondents comprised of 100 each borrowers and non-borrowers were selected from two block of district including marginal, small and medium categories of farm size. Primary data were collected through personal interview technique and required secondary information was taken from the record available at district and block level. Simple tabular and functional analysis and Garrett ranking were done to draw inferences. As per the result obtained from the study, no much difference was seen between the resource use efficiency of borrower and non-borrower farms and constraints faced by borrower. Since banana is a cash crop and it needs initial costs for its establishment, and after harvesting the crop regular source of income was generated by selling of suckers (seed) plant and its fruits. It’s by-product, leaves, etc. also used for various purposes. Minute inspection of the analysis showed that finance played important role for initiating the cultivation of banana crops showed the resource use efficiency that there is no considerable difference found on sample farms of borrower and non-borrower categories. Constraints faced by majority of the farmers were mainly delay in disbursement of loan and lack of the repayment period insufficient and improper management for withdraws on KCC.

Comparison of Yield and Light-temperature Resource Use Efficiency between Wheat-Maize and Maize-Maize Cropping Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Yuan ZHOU ◽  
Zhi-Min WANG ◽  
Yang YUE ◽  
Wei MA ◽  
Ming ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

Resource use efficiency in a cotton-wheat double-cropping system in the Yellow River Valley of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-439
Author(s):  
Guoping Wang ◽  
Yabing Li ◽  
Yingchun Han ◽  
Zhanbiao Wang ◽  
Beifang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
River Valley ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Yellow River Valley ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractThe cotton-wheat double-cropping system is widely used in the Yellow River Valley of China, but whether and how different planting patterns within cotton-wheat double-cropping systems impact heat and light use efficiency have not been well documented. A field experiment investigated the effects of the cropping system on crop productivity and the capture and use efficiency of heat and light in two fields differing in soil fertility. Three planting patterns, namely cotton intercropped with wheat (CIW), cotton directly seeded after wheat (CDW), and cotton transplanted after wheat (CTW), as well as one cotton monoculture (CM) system were used. Cotton-wheat double cropping significantly increased crop productivity and land equivalent ratios relative to the CM system in both fields. As a result of increased growing degree days (GDD), intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR), and photothermal product (PTP), the capture of light and heat in the double-cropping systems was compared with that in the CM system in both fields. With improved resource capture, the double-cropping systems exhibited a higher light and heat use efficiency according to thermal product efficiency, solar energy use efficiency (Eu), radiation use efficiency (RUE), and PTP use efficiency (PTPU). The cotton lint yield and biomass were not significantly correlated with RUE across cropping patterns, indicating that RUE does not limit cotton production. Among the double-cropping treatments, CDW had the lowest GDD, IPAR, and PTP values but the highest heat and light resource use efficiency and highest overall resource use efficiency. This good performance was even more obvious in the high-fertility field. Therefore, we encourage the expanded use of CDW in the Yellow River Valley, especially in fields with high fertility, given the high productivity and resource use efficiency of this system. Moreover, the use of agronomic practices involving a reasonably close planting density, optimized irrigation and nutrient supply, and the application of new short-season varieties of cotton or wheat can potentially enhance CDW crop yields and productivity.

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