Integrated Disease Management of Grain Legumes in Algeria and Strategies of Agricultural Development: A Review

Grain legumes have an important role in Algerian agriculture contributing towards food, nutritional security and sustainable farming systems. This kind of culture has a several diseases can reduce the global production and yield. Causes of these major diseases we have to propose the integrated disease management for minimize the damage caused by these diseases. The term Integrated Pest Management was first based on the concept of ‘integrated control’ given by the entomologists from University of California, who defined it as “applied pest control” which combines and integrates cultural, biological and chemical control. Chemical control was used only if necessary and in a way which was least disruptive to cultural and biological control.

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Integrated Disease Management of Chickpea Fusarium Wilt

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i730572 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 20-25

Author(s):

Sanjeev Kumar ◽

Sangita Sahni ◽

Bishun Deo Prasad

Keyword(s):

Disease Management ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Integrated Disease Management ◽

Soil Borne Pathogens ◽

Chemical Pesticides

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the world’s major legume crops and suffers substantial damage from wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri( Padwick) with yield loss over 60 per cent. It is an important soil borne plant pathogen and is difficult to manage by application of chemical pesticides. Moreover, the chemical control is costly and leads to residual effect. A plethora of reports indictes the efforts made to reduce environmental effects and rationalize the use of pesticides and manage the pathogen more effectively through Integration of Disease Management (IDM). Application of soil amendments and specific bio-control agents also incorporated in IDM which has potential to suppress soil-borne pathogens through manipulation of the physicochemical and microbiological environment. Therefore, IDM approach for controlling chickpea Fusarium wilt might be a cost effective and eco-friendly approach.

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Night Spraying Peanut Fungicides I. Extended Fungicide Residual and Integrated Disease Management

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-94-6-0676 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 94 (6) ◽

pp. 676-682 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. Augusto ◽

T. B. Brenneman ◽

A. K. Culbreath ◽

P. Sumner

Keyword(s):

Disease Management ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽

Residual Activity ◽

Field Trials ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Integrated Disease Management ◽

Cercospora Arachidicola ◽

Puccinia Arachidis ◽

Fungicide Efficacy

The efficacy of chemical control of stem rot (caused by Sclerotium rolfsii) of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) relies partially on increasing deposition and residual activity in the lower canopy. Tebuconazole (0.21 kg a.i./ha, four applications) and azoxystrobin (0.31 kg a.i./ha, two applications) were each applied on peanut plants in daylight or at night, when leaves were folded, in two Tifton, GA, field trials in 2007. Both timings of each fungicide provided similar control of early leaf spot (caused by Cercospora arachidicola). Night applications of azoxystrobin and tebuconazole reduced stem rot at digging and increased yield compared with day applications. Night applications of tebuconazole were also tested in Nicaragua from 2005 to 2007. Peanut plants had less stem rot, similar levels of rust (caused by Puccinia arachidis), and higher yield with night applications than with day applications. Residual activity of azoxystrobin and tebuconazole were improved on the bottom shaded leaves (on which fungicides would be better deposited with night application) compared with top, sun-exposed leaves (where most fungicide would be deposited with a day application) according to a bioassay with S. rolfsii. Increased fungicide residual activity within the bottom canopy may increase fungicide efficacy on stem rot and augment peanut yield.

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Integrated control strategy of apple scab according to warning equipment

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/10594-pps ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽

pp. 700-703

Author(s):

L. Raudonis

Keyword(s):

Disease Management ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Integrated Control ◽

Apple Scab ◽

Field Trials ◽

Essential Difference ◽

Integrated Disease Management ◽

Apple Trees ◽

Scab Control ◽

Spray Applications

In 1999–2001 in field trials two different apple scab control strategies were compared: (i) the current strategy – conventional disease management (CDM) and (ii) integrated disease management (IDM), according to scab infection periods. A new scab warning equipment METOS<sup>R</sup>-D was used for detection of infection periods and forecast of disease intensity at three levels: light, moderate and severe. According to CDM apple-trees were sprayed 9 times a season. Scab warning equipment gave a possibility to optimize the use of fungicides against scab and to reduce the total spray applications per season in average till 6.3 in very susceptible cultivars and 5 in moderately susceptible ones. This is 30 and 44% less spray applications comparing with CDM. Annual spray program ranged from 5 till 8 spray applications of very susceptible cultivars. CDM and IDM gave high scab control in apple-trees and there was not found any essential difference in scab incidence between two control strategies.

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