High-Performance Photodetectors Based on Nanostructured Perovskites

In recent years, high-performance photodetectors have attracted wide attention because of their important applications including imaging, spectroscopy, fiber-optic communications, remote control, chemical/biological sensing and so on. Nanostructured perovskites are extremely suitable for detective applications with their long carrier lifetime, high carrier mobility, facile synthesis, and beneficial to device miniaturization. Because the structure of the device and the dimension of nanostructured perovskite have a profound impact on the performance of photodetector, we divide nanostructured perovskite into 2D, 1D, and 0D, and review their applications in photodetector (including photoconductor, phototransistor, and photodiode), respectively. The devices exhibit high performance with high photoresponsivity, large external quantum efficiency (EQE), large gain, high detectivity, and fast response time. The intriguing properties suggest that nanostructured perovskites have a great potential in photodetection.

Allelopathic properties of plant extracts as potential bioherbicides

Weeds are constant companions of plant production. For their control chemical substances, ie herbicides are used. In addition to a number of properties, the use of herbicides has numerous consequences, for the living world and for the environment, as well. Considering their negative effects, there is a need to find alternative methods of weed control. In recent decades, numerous researches have been done within the framework of biologically and eco-friendlier acceptable ways of controlling various pests, including weeds. Bioherbicides are compounds that contain microorganisms (such as bacteria or fungi), products of their metabolism, or plant extracts that have an effect on certain weed species. In this paper, the application of plant extracts that show allelopathic effects, as potential bioherbicides, in modern agricultural production, will be discussed.

Integrated Disease Management of Grain Legumes in Algeria and Strategies of Agricultural Development: A Review

Grain legumes have an important role in Algerian agriculture contributing towards food, nutritional security and sustainable farming systems. This kind of culture has a several diseases can reduce the global production and yield. Causes of these major diseases we have to propose the integrated disease management for minimize the damage caused by these diseases. The term Integrated Pest Management was first based on the concept of ‘integrated control’ given by the entomologists from University of California, who defined it as “applied pest control” which combines and integrates cultural, biological and chemical control. Chemical control was used only if necessary and in a way which was least disruptive to cultural and biological control.

Handling Qualities Analysis of an Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle for Agricultural Spraying

The use of unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAVs) for the most diverse aeronautic missions is a reality. Then, with the rise of precision agriculture (PA), the viability of the incorporation of this technology in the countryside on both big and small proprieties is under study. This work aims to analyze the handling qualities of an UAV with a mission of pest control chemical spraying. With this objective, aircraft data was used to analyze the eigenvalues of the aircraft modes. Then, the impact of mass and inertia variation during its mission was studied. Also, the longitudinal and latero-directional dynamics were evaluated based on the Cooper–Harper scale. The results found indicate that all aircraft modes are stable for both full hopper and empty hopper conditions. Moreover, the determined handling quality grades of the UAV in the Cooper–Harper scale indicate the need for some correction applied by the pilot during flight.

Prospects of treatment grapes in Crimea with locally produced chelate microfertilizers

В статье представлены результаты исследований 2018-2019 гг., проведенных в почвенно-климатических условиях Южнобережной зоны виноградарства Крыма по изучению влияния внекорневых подкормок хелатными микроудобрениями Хелат В и Хелатон Экстра на винограде ценного технического сорта Каберне-Совиньон. В ходе исследований не выявлено изменений в продолжительности и сроках наступления фенологических фаз развития винограда на фоне применения изучаемых микроудобрений. Показано положительное влияние данных препаратов на вегетативное и генеративное развитие, количественные и качественные показатели урожая виноградной лозы. Экспериментально установлено, что двукратная внекорневая подкормка винограда изучаемыми микроудобрениями способствовала увеличению урожая в среднем на 11,8 % (0,7 т/га), увеличению прироста куста на 11,3 % (242,2 см3) и вызреванию однолетней лозы на 5 % в сравнении с производственным контролем. В опыте с использованием удобрения Хелатон Экстра отмечено улучшение химического состава ягод: содержание сахаров увеличилось на 8,5 %, содержание титруемых кислот снизилось на 7,1 %. The article presents the results of research of 2018-2019, conducted in the soil and climatic conditions of the South Coast zone of viticulture of Crimea to study the effect of foliar dressing with chelate microfertilizers Chelate B and Chelaton Extra on grapes of valuable wine variety ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’. The study did not reveal any changes in the duration and timing of phenological phases of grape development on the back of application of the studied microfertilizers. The positive effect of these preparations on vegetative and generative development, quantitative and qualitative indicators of the grapevine yield is shown. It is experimentally established that double foliar processing of grapes with studied microfertilizers contributes to an increase in yield by 11.8% (0.7 t/ha), an increase in the bush growth by 11.3% (242.2 cm3) and ripening of an annual vine by 5% in comparison with production control. Chemical composition of berries was improved in the experiment when using Chelaton Extra fertilizer: sugar content increased by 8.5%, content of titratable acids decreased by 7.1%.

IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF EXTRACTING THE TARGET PRODUCT FROM NUT AND FRUIT RAW MATERIALS BY ELECTROPHYSICAL PROCESSING

Предложена обработка плодового сырья электромагнитным полем в диапазоне низких и крайне низких частот с модулируемыми характеристиками – во вращающемся электромагнитном поле и в спектре резонансных частот. Установлено количественное увеличение выхода нутриентов в целевой продукт – пюре, соково-пектиновые экстракты и ореховое молоко. Контролем служило не подвергшееся обработке сырье: арония, облепиха, яблоки, фундук, орех грецкий. Химический состав пюре из плодов облепихи, полученного без обработки и после обработки, г/100 г: белки 1,0 и 1,2; жиры 5,2 и 5,4; углеводы 3,2 и 4,0; пищевые волокна 1,8 и 2,0; в-каротин 1,2 и 1,5; витамин С, мг/100 г, 200 и 220, соответственно. Определено содержание в молоке из сырья орехоплодных культур – фундука и ореха грецкого, полученном без обработки/после обработки, г/100 г: белков 0,40/0,67 и 0,7/1,0; жиров 2,90/3,11 и 1,60/1,85; углеводов 3,10/3,39 и 1,4/1,7, соответственно. Предложены новые технологические приемы трансформации орехоплодного и плодово-ягодного сырья в полупродукты. Processing of fruit raw materials with an electromagnetic field in the range of low and extremely low frequencies with modulated characteristics – in a rotating electromagnetic field and in the spectrum of resonant frequencies was proffered. A quantitative increase in the yield of nutrients in the target product – puree, juice-pectin extracts and nut milk. Raw materials of aronia, sea buckthorn, apples, hazelnuts, and walnuts that were not processed served as control. Chemical composition of sea buckthorn puree obtained without processing and after processing, g/100 g: proteins 1,0 and 1,2; fats 5,2 and 5,4; carbohydrates 3,2 and 4,0; dietary fiber 1,8 and 2,0; в-carotene 1,2 and 1,5; vitamin C, mg/100 g, 200 and 220, respectively. The content in milk from raw nut crops – hazelnuts and walnuts, obtained without processing/after processing, g/100 g: protein 0,40/0,67 and 0,7/1,0; fat 2,90/3,11 and 1,60/1,85; carbohydrates 3,10/3,39 and 1,4/1,7, respectively. New technological methods of transformation of nut and fruit raw materials into semi-products are proposed.