Evaluation of Crossbreeding Parameters for Immunocompetence and Serum Enzyme Profile in a Partial Diallel Cross Involving Three Genetic Groups of Chicken

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayur M. Vispute ◽  
Vishesh K. Saxena ◽  
Raj Narayan ◽  
Simmi Tomar ◽  
Jaydip J. Rokade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Serum Enzymes ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Immune Organ ◽  
Serum Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Profile ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Native Chicken ◽  
Partial Diallel

Background: Poultry production in rural India is mostly a non-intensive venture comprising native chicken with low production potential but higher disease resistance and adaptability. Present study is attempted for developing a suitable cross for rural poultry production as well as identifying the genetic groups that are nicking well through a partial diallel cross. Methods: A partial diallel cross using three genetic groups/ breeds of chicken viz. coloured synthetic male line (CSML), Local native chicken (Desi) and CARI-Red as the parent lines was designed. CSML was used as male and CR as female line only. The progenies were evaluated for crossbreeding parameters viz. combining abilities and heterosis for immune response and serum enzyme profile to identify the best combining parent lines.Result: Significantly higher (P less than 0.05) cell-mediated (CMI) and humoral immune response (HIR) and immune organ (spleen, bursa of fabricius and thymus) weights were recorded in CR purebred followed by Desi purebred, while CSML purebred exhibited lowest immunity. Variances for SCA differed significantly (P less than 0.001) for HIR and immune organ weights. Inconsistent but significantly higher (P less than 0.01) serum enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) and AST/ALT ratio were recorded in triple cross and D x CR. Variances for SCA differed significantly (P less than 0.05) for serum enzymes. Results revealed that the CARI-Red and Desi were the improver parent lines for better immunocompetence and serum enzyme profile, respectively in the crosses.

scholarly journals Heterosis in sweet sorghum

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Maria Romeiro Lombardi ◽  
Patricia Cardoso Andrade Navegantes ◽  
Carlos Henrique Pereira ◽  
Jales Mendes Oliveira Fonseca ◽  
Rafael Augusto da Costa Parrella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Partial Diallel

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential per se of male-sterile and fertility-restorer lines of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), as well as to detail the heterosis manifested for some traits directly or indirectly related to ethanol production, accumulation rate, and predictability. Evaluations were performed for 20 genotypes, of which 4 are fertility-restorer lines (R), 3 are male-sterile lines (A), and 12 are experimental hybrids (H) resulting from the partial diallel cross between lines A and R, besides a commercial hybrid CV198 used as a check, in four harvest seasons. The experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Lavras and Sete Lagoas, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The measured traits were plant height, green mass production, juice extraction, total soluble solids content, and megagrams of Brix per hectare. The male-sterile A1 and the fertility-restorer R1 and R3 lines show the best potential per se, considering all traits and their accumulation rate and predictability over harvest times. Heterosis is significant for all traits. The H11, H13, H14, H21, H22, and H33 hybrids are promising because of their better performance per se and higher heterosis.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT VEHICLES ON HEPATO- PROTECTIVE EFFICIENCY OF DESFERRIOXAMNE IN RADIATED CARBON TETRACHLORIDE TREATED MICE

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
lbrahim El-Bagory ◽  
Mahmoud Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Oxygen Free Radicals ◽  
Serum Enzymes ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Serum Enzyme ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation

The effect of desferrioxamine (DFO) in different vehicle ( Aqueous and oily) against hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CC14) in irradiated mice and irradiated carbon tetrachloride (IR-CCI4) in normal mice was investigated. A single dose of CC14 and IR-CCI4 (20 @/kg, i.p.) in irradiated mice (IR-mice) and normal mice induced hepatotoxicrty, manifested biochemically by significant elevation of serum enzyme activities, such as alanine trarsaminase (ALT, EC:2.6.1.2 ) and aspartate transaminase (AST, EC:2.6.1.1). Hepatotoxiaty was further evidenced by significant decrease of total sulfttydryl (-SH) content, and catalase (EC: 1.1 1.1.6) activrty in hepatic tissues and significant increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation measured as malondialdhyde (MDA). Pretreatment of normal mice and IR-mice with DFO (200 mg/kg i.p dissolved either in water or arachis oil vehicle) 1 h before CC14 or IR-CC14 injection ameliorated the hepatotoxicrty as evidenced by a significant reduction in the elevated levels of serum enzymes as well as a significant decrease in the hepatic MDA content and a significant increase in the total sulfhydryl content 24 h after CC14 or IR-CCI4 administration.. These results indicated that both of oily and watery DFO can effectively ameliorated the hepatotoxicity induced by CC14 in IR-mice or IR-CC14 in normal mice. Although, the efficiency of the hepatoprotective effect of DFO in oily vehicle was higher than that DFO in aqueous vehicle. The hepatoprotective effect of DFO possibly through inhibition of the production of oxygen free radicals that cause lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Effects of eggshell temperature pattern during incubation on primary immune organ development and broiler immune response in later life

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 6619-6629
Author(s):  
H.J. Wijnen ◽  
H. van den Brand ◽  
A. Lammers ◽  
I.A.M. van Roovert-Reijrink ◽  
C.W. van der Pol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Organ Development ◽  
Immune Organ

scholarly journals The augmented partial diallel cross

Heredity ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Pederson
Keyword(s):  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Partial Diallel

scholarly journals Variance component analysis for viability in an isolated population of Drosophila melanogaster

1983 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Tachida ◽  
Muneo Matsuda ◽  
Shin-Ichi Kusakabe ◽  
Terumi Mukai
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Balancing Selection ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Variance Component Analysis ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Dominance Variance ◽  
Diversifying Selection ◽  
Partial Diallel

SUMMARYUsing the 602 second chromosome lines extracted from the Ishigakijima population of Drosophila melanogaster in Japan, partial diallel cross experiments (Design II of Comstock & Robinson, 1952) were carried out, and the additive genetic variance and the dominance variance of viability were estimated. The estimated value of the additive genetic variance is 0·01754±0·00608, and the dominance variance 0·00151±0·00114, using a logarithmic scale. Since the value of the additive genetic variance is much larger than expected under mutation–selection balance although the dominance variance is compatible with it, we speculate that in the Ishigakijima population some type of balancing selection must be operating to maintain the genetic variability with respect to viability at a minority of loci. As candidates for such selection, overdominance, frequency-dependent selection, and diversifying selection are considered, and it is suggested that diversifying selection is the most probable candidate for increasing the additive genetic variance.

Augmented Partial Diallel Cross Based on Circulant Sample

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Kaushik ◽  
P. D. Puri
Keyword(s):  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Partial Diallel

scholarly journals Additive and Heterotic Genetic Effects in the Haplo-diploid Honeybee Apis Mellifera

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
BP Oldroyd ◽  
C Moran
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
Partial Diallel

Nine lines of honeybees were used to form a 9 x 9 partial diallel cross. Hamuli number was determined for samples of worker offspring. One set of workers was reared in non-maternal colonies which had been made uniform, as far as possible, with respect to colony strength (number of workers), while another set was sampled directly from the combs of each maternal colony. Combining ability analysis of variance revealed significant additive and non-additive genetic effects for both sets of data, regardless of whether inbred parentals were included or excluded from the analysis. Uniform rearing removed average heterosis and reciprocal effects.

PARTIAL DIALLEL CROSS ANALYSIS AMONG THREE BREEDS OF PIG FOR PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edy Kurnianto ◽  
Mukh Arifin ◽  
Prasetyo Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Partial Diallel

Suatu penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi general combining ability (GCA) dan specific cobining ability (SCA) untuk sifat produksi dan reproduksi pada babi. Materi yang digunakan adalah catatan keturunan hasil persilangan tiga bangsa babi (Duroc, Landrace, Yorkshire) sebanyak 573 anak babi yang berasal dari 13 pejantan dan 65 induk. Formula yang digunakan untuk menganalisis parameter adalah Partial Diallel Cross Metode II dari Griffings. Parameters yang diamati pada anak adalah litter size, bobobt lahir, jumlah puting, pertambahan bobot badan (PBB) sebelum dan sesudah sapih dan bobot sapih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa GCA Duroc lebih tinggi dibandingkan Yorksire and Landrace, yang nilai GCA untuk litter size, bobot lahir, jumlah puting, jumlah anak pada saat sapih, bobot sapih, PBB sebelum sapih, PBB setelah sapih dan bobot badan pada umur 42 hari masing-masing -0,18; -0,02; -0,52; -0,13; -0,21; -0,01; 0,01 dan 0,03. Persiilangan antara Duroc x Yorkshire menunjukkan SCA paling tinggi untuk bobot lahir (0.30), jumlah puting (3.60), bobot sapih (1.10) dan PBB sebelum sapih (0.04). Persilangan antara Yorkshire x Landrace menghasilkan SCA paling tinggi untuk litter size (2.47), jumlah anak waktu sapih (2.23), PBB sebelum sapih (0.04), PBB setelah sapih (0.06) and bobot badan pada umur 42 hari (2.30). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah nilai paling baik untuk GCA ditunjukkan oleh Duroc, sementara itu SCA oleh persilangan antara Yorkshire x Landrace.

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