Neonatal Enterovirus: A Case Report in a Term Infant Requiring Air Evacuation

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Morgan S. Shaff ◽  
C. Scott Love ◽  
Elizabeth V. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Initial Hospital ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Rule Out

Enterovirus infections in neonates have the potential to cause a cascade of devastating clinical complications that can lead to death. Because of vague maternal symptom presentations, the diagnosis may not be obvious to antepartum adult providers. Clinicians evaluating infants in the newborn nursery and following initial hospital discharge must be alert for this potential infection. Common newborn issues, such as hyperbilirubinemia and weight loss, may be early signs of a more life-threatening diagnosis. Enterovirus infections may be responsible for a continuum of critical diagnoses in the neonate. Utilization of viral panels during the initial rule-out sepsis evaluation may provide rapid diagnosis and, ultimately, earlier response times to devastating clinical symptoms. Antepartum history and presenting features of enteroviral infections warrant rapid diagnosis with viral polymerase chain reaction detection panels to potentially reduce antibiotic usage and inpatient length of stay. The purpose of this case report is to review risk factors, presentation, and management of neonatal enterovirus infections. As this infant was born in a remote setting and required air evacuation, the logistics of this transport are also discussed.

scholarly journals Fatal Chemotherapy-induced Combined Infection in a Hodgkin’s Disease Patient: a Case Report

Folia Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-623
Author(s):  
Yordan I. Kalchev ◽  
Gergana B. Lengerova ◽  
Uswah Asif ◽  
Hasan A. Burnusuzov ◽  
Marianna A. Murdjeva
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multimodal Therapy ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Combined Infection

Multimodal therapy, used for the treatment of patients with Hodgkin’s disease (HD), makes them prone to life-threatening infections, attributed mainly to febrile neutropenia. Herein, we present a case report of fatal combined bacterial and viral infection in a 49-year-old female patient, subject to polychemotherapy for HD. Rapid microbiological diagnosis performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction elucidated the causes of the infection within hours. Listeria monocytogenes was detected in both the cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples. Nasopharyngeal swabs returned positive for two swine-derived strains of influenza A virus. We aimed to emphasize the importance of these pathogens and draw attention to their association in the aetiology of infections among patients receiving chemotherapy. In conclusion, better surveillance is needed to improve the early diagnosis of infectious complications in these patients.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Sobhan Ghafourian ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases

Abstract Objective Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still has a remarkable prevalence particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea. Results Totally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 till 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.

scholarly journals Rare cause of emergency in the first week of life: congenital hepatoblastoma (case report)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Ha Young Yoo ◽  
Veronica Mugarab-Samedi ◽  
Gregory Hansen ◽  
Grant Miller ◽  
Laurence Givelichian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Sick Newborn ◽  
Cardiac Lesions ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract During the first week of life, a sudden deterioration in a newborn commonly includes investigations to rule out infections, lung pathologies, cardiac lesions, neurological insults, metabolic disorders or gastrointestinal emergencies. It is unusual, however, to consider malignancy as the primary causative factor. In this case report, we describe a rare and unusual presentation of congenital hepatoblastoma, its complications and management in a neonate with multi-organ dysfunction. A term infant presented with sudden deterioration, hemodynamic instability and an acute abdomen on his 4th day of life. Surgical exploration revealed a ruptured neoplasm that pathology diagnosed as a congenital hepatoblastoma. After the patient was stabilized, chemotherapy was initiated. At present, the patient is 8 months old and under continuous follow-up of oncology service. This case highlights the importance of considering rare diagnoses including congenital malignancy when investigating and managing a sick newborn with multi-organ dysfunction.

scholarly journals Is COVID-19 infection triggering oral herpes zoster? A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2110657
Author(s):  
Wafaa Saleh ◽  
Fatma Ata ◽  
Mohamed M Elashry
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Oral Lesion ◽  
System A ◽  
Oral Herpes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Rapid Appearance

Patients affected with COVID-19 are at risk of developing serious and life-threatening conditions. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 were detected in asymptomatic cases to severe clinical symptoms with a major impact on the respiratory system. A few cases of cutaneous as well as an oral lesion of herpes zoster in patients with COVID-19 were reported in the literature. We present a case of the rapid appearance of the oral lesion as a manifestation of herpes zoster associated with COVID-19 infection. Our case highlights the importance of oral examination as well as oral care in patients with COVID-19 infection.

A Case Report of Pediatric Laryngeal Fracture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Ahmadinejad ◽  
Pouria Chaghamirzayi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Cervical Trauma ◽  
Direct Damage ◽  
Damage Imaging ◽  
Life Threatening

Background: Laryngeal fractures are one of the complications of direct damage to the neck, which can lead to airway obstruction and life-threatening conditions. Other causes of laryngeal fractures include injuries during fights, sports injuries, hangings, and iatrogenic causes. In this study, we introduce a child with a laryngeal fracture following an accidental hanging. Case Report: A 9-year-old girl was presented to the emergency department with respiratory distress and inability to speak after being hanged by her scarf. We secured the cervical spine with a hard collar and provided two intravenous (IV) lines. Then, the patient was transferred to the radiology department to perform cervical and thoracic computerized tomography (CT) scans. In the cervical CT scan, the fracture of laryngeal cartilage was detected. We repaired the fracture by prolene sutures. Then the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) ward. After 2 days, she was transferred to ward and discharged without any complications. Conclusion: The cervical trauma is a critical condition that must be managed carefully and urgently. For the rapid diagnosis of possible damage, imaging is necessary. Among all modalities, CT scan is the best choice for detection of the vertebral injuries and airway competence in emergent conditions.

scholarly journals Subcutaneous and Mediastinal Emphysema Followed by Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci Mediastinitis. A Complicated Course after Adenotonsillectomy: Case Report

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Duvekot ◽  
Gwen van Heesch ◽  
Laura Veder
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Complicated Course

Tonsillectomy is a commonly performed surgery in the daily practice of an otorhinolaryngologist. For patients as well as health professionals, the best known complication is post-operative bleeding. Among the less noted, but potentially life-threatening, complications are the development of subcutaneous emphysema and the presence of bacteremia due to group A hemolytic streptococci. In this report, we describe a severely complicated clinical course after an uncomplicated adenotonsillectomy in a young boy. Increased awareness of relatively unknown complications after adenotonsillectomy amongst surgeons, pediatricians and anesthesiologists is desirable to facilitate rapid diagnosis and adequate treatment in order to prevent life-threatening situations.

scholarly journals Atypical Presentation of Aortic Dissection: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Soraya Shamizadeh ◽  
Golamreza Faridaalaee
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Obese Woman ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Atypical Symptoms ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Mortality Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Rule Out

Background: Aortic dissection (AD) is considered to be one of the life-threatening diseases. Quick diagnosis has great significance so that a one-hour delay in treatment leads to a 1-2% increase in mortality. Case Report: The 55-year old obese woman with epigastric pain and right upper quadrant pain referred to the emergency department of our hospital. The acute coronary syndrome was our initial diagnosis but an image similar to a Perl in one cut and a crescent in another cut of computed tomography (CT) drew our attention in the mediastinal view of CT without intravenous contrast that was performed to rule out coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Finally, CT-angiography was requested and AD diagnosis was approved accordingly. Conclusion: The presence of calcification on a non-contrast chest CT in the middle of the aorta or away from the artery wall can be a sign of AD. Thus, special attention should be paid to the atypical symptoms of AD.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
Norkhoda Sadeghifard
Keyword(s):  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases ◽  
Surgery Department

Abstract ObjectiveShigellosis as one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery still has a remarkable prevalence in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea. ResultsTotally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 to 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery department. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion, isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Sobhan Ghafourian ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases

Abstract Objective Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still has a remarkable prevalence particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea. Results Totally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 till 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Sobhan Ghafourian ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases

Abstract Objective Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still has a remarkable prevalence particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea. Results Totally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 till 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.

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