scholarly journals The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Sobhan Ghafourian ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases

Abstract Objective Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still has a remarkable prevalence particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea. Results Totally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 till 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Sobhan Ghafourian ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases

Abstract Objective Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still has a remarkable prevalence particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea. Results Totally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 till 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Sobhan Ghafourian ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases

Abstract Objective Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still has a remarkable prevalence particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea. Results Totally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 till 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in Shigella spp. Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
Norkhoda Sadeghifard
Keyword(s):  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases ◽  
Surgery Department

Abstract ObjectiveShigellosis as one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery still has a remarkable prevalence in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin-1(Stx1) in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Stx1 in isolated from patients with diarrhea. ResultsTotally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, from 2013 to 2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery department. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. The results indicated that none of them encode the stx gene. In conclusion, isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding.

The Prevalence of Shiga toxin-1 in non-Shigella dysenteriae isolates collected from diarrhea samples in patients, Ahvaz, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mahdian ◽  
Ebrahim Kouhsari ◽  
Ali Gheysarzadeh ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Stx1 Gene

Background: Acute diarrhea is a major public health problem particularly in developing countries. Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still has a remarkable prevalence particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable existence of the deadly Shiga toxin (Stx) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening clinical symptoms of the infection. Methods: The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Shigella toxin 1 (Stx1) in isolated from patients with diarrhea. Totally, 227 Shigella species including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei, and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in tropical infectious diseases research center of Ahvaz, Iran, during 2013-2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene. Results: The results indicated that none of them encode the stx1 gene. Conclusion: Isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding. Future investigations should consider the relations between other Shigella species and Shigella toxin in Iran.

Seasonal pattern and genotype distribution of sapovirus infection in Japan, 2003–2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. DEY ◽  
O. PHATHAMMAVONG ◽  
T. D. NGUYEN ◽  
A. THONGPRACHUM ◽  
W. CHAN-IT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Predominant Strain

SUMMARYSapovirus, a member of the family Caliciviridae, is one of the major causative agents of viral gastroenteritis affecting all age groups. A total of 3232 faecal specimens collected from infants and children with gastroenteritis in five different regions of Japan during 2003–2009 were examined for sapovirus by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Sapoviruses were detected in 131 (4·05%) patients with the peak observed mainly in the cold season (November–March) in Japan during 2003–2009. During the last 6 years, sapovirus GI/1 was the predominant strain in Japan followed by GIV, GII/3, GII/6, GII/2, GII/12 and GI, respectively.

scholarly journals Peripheral Blood Leukocytes and Serum Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Are Complementary Methods for Monitoring Active Cytomegalovirus Infection in Transplant Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. e69-e74 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Andrade ◽  
MT Fioravanti ◽  
EBV Anjos ◽  
C De Oliveira ◽  
DM Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Polymerase Chain

BACKGROUND: Human cytomegalovirus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has proven to be a sensitive and effective technique in defining active cytomegalovirus infection, in addition to having low cost and being a useful test for situations in which there is no need for quantification. Real-time PCR has the advantage of quantification; however, the high cost of this methodology makes it impractical for routine use.OBJECTIVE: To apply a nested PCR assay to serum (sPCR) and to evaluate its efficiency to diagnose active cytomegalovirus infection compared with PCR of peripheral blood leukocytes (L-PCR).METHODS: Samples of 37 patients were prospectively evaluated. An internal control was created and applied to sPCR to exclude false-negative results.RESULTS: In total, 21 patients (57%) developed active cytomegalovirus infection. After analyzing the two methods for the diagnosis of active infection, higher sensitivity and negative predictive value of the L-PCR versus sPCR (100% versus 62%), and higher specificity and positive predictive value of sPCR versus L-PCR (81% versus 50% and 72%, respectively) were observed. Discordant results were observed in 11 patients who were L-PCR-positive but sPCR-negative for active cytomegalovirus infection, five of whom developed clinical symptoms of cytomegalovirus. Clinical symptoms were observed in 14 patients, 12 of whom were diagnosed with active infection by nested L-PCR (P=0.007) and seven by nested sPCR (P=0.02). Higher specificity and a positive predictive value for sPCR were observed.CONCLUSION: Nested L-PCR and sPCR were considered to be complementary methods for the diagnosis and management of symptomatic cytomegalovirus infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular detection of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli from diarrheic cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Akter ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
KH MNH Nazir ◽  
M Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Isolate

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are zoonotically important pathogen which causes hemorrhagic colitis, diarrhea, and hemolytic uremic syndrome in animals and humans. The present study was designed to isolate and identify the STEC from fecal samples of diarrheic cattle. A total of 35 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Veterinary Teaching Hospital. The samples were primarily examined for the detection of E. coli by cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics, followed by confirmation of the isolates by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using gene specific primers. Later, the STEC were identified among the isolated E. coli through detection of Stx-1 and Stx-2 genes using duplex PCR. Out of 35 samples, 25 (71.43%) isolates were confirmed to be associated with E. coli, of which only 7 (28%) isolates were shiga toxin producers, and all of them were positive for Stx-1. However, no Stx-2 positive isolate could be detected. From this study, it may be concluded that cattle can act as a reservoir of STEC which may transmit to human or other animals.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 63-68, June 2016

scholarly journals Methods for identification of causative agents of dangerous and particularly dangerous infections based on the analysis of nucleic acids

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Biological Contamination ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Goals And Objectives

One of the main tasks of the NBC Protection Troops is accurate and rapid identification of infectious disease causative agents in case of establishing the fact of biological contamination. Different methods based on the analysis of nucleic acids are most preferred for this purpose. Most of them are based on DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The result is detected by electrophoretic separation of amplification products, as well as by registration of endpoint fluorescent signal (FLASH modification) or in real time (PCR-RT). Other methods of DNA amplification, such as ligase chain reaction (LCR) and isothermal amplification, are also applicable in practice. The article also describes some identification methods based on nucleic acid sequencing: multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method, sequencing of individual genes and complete genome sequencing. It is concluded that the choice of identification method should be based on the goals and objectives, laboratory facilities, availability of trained personnel and funding levels. Despite the fact that the most informative are methods based on sequencing nucleotide sequences, their implementation in the field is difficult so far due to technological requirements

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