Female Intimate Partner Violence Victims and Labor Force Participation

Although a non-gender-specific problem, intimate partner violence (IPV) disproportionately affects women on welfare, with an estimated prevalence two to three times larger than the national prevalence rates of IPV for all women. This article examines the effects of IPV on women leaving welfare for employment in a purposive sample of 411 women in Florida who participated or were actively participating in the 2000–2002 Work and Gain Economic Self-Sufficiency (WAGES) program. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, their IPV experiences, and mediating factors (i.e., social support, employer support, physical and mental health, parenting stress, and employment success) were collected via quantitative telephone interviews. Logistic regression analyses found that employment success among welfare-recipient women who are currently in a relationship is best predicted by a short-term impact of having experienced IPV before the past 12 months (OR = 2.17). Linear regression analyses found that having suitable housing predicted lower parenting stress (F = 3.20, p ≤ .05) and better physical health (F = 4.30, p ≤ .05) and social support (F = 1.90, p ≤ .001) outcomes. In addition, suffering from IPV within the past 12 months predicted worse mental health (F = −7.74, p ≤ .001) and lower parenting stress outcomes (F = −3.99, p ≤ .001). This study contributes to understanding the complexity of mediating factors affecting IPV’s impact on employment success of women leaving welfare.

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Psychological Distress and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: The Role of Maternal Satisfaction, Parenting Stress, and Social Support Among Mothers and Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260516674199 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (19) ◽

pp. 4114-4136 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ricardo J. Pinto ◽

Patrícia Correia-Santos ◽

Alytia Levendosky ◽

Inês Jongenelen

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Parenting Stress ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Maternal Satisfaction ◽

Mothers And Children

Studies of the effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) on parenting have usually not examined the role of the maternal perceptions, either its stress or maternal satisfaction, on the mothers’ and children’s mental health functioning. The present study aimed to assess whether maternal satisfaction, parenting stress, and social support are significantly associated with women’s psychological functioning. The study also assessed whether maternal perceptions of the role of parenting were significantly associated with children’s emotional well-being and social behavior. The sample included 160 mothers, 79 (49.4%) who were living with the aggressors and 81 (50.6%) in shelters, and their children ( n = 61). The findings suggested that high levels of maternal satisfaction and perception of social support were significantly negatively associated with women’s posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and psychological distress, whereas parenting stress was significantly positively associated with these outcomes. Maternal satisfaction was the only parenting variable that predicted both maternal mental health and children’s emotional and behavioral problems, suggesting that it is a protective factor for both mothers and children. This study suggests that increasing maternal satisfaction with parenting and reducing parenting stress might promote better adjustment for both women and children victims of IPV.

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Use and Experience of Recent Intimate Partner Violence Among Women Veterans Who Deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan

Partner Abuse ◽

10.1891/1946-6560.8.3.251 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 251-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Suzannah K. Creech ◽

Alexandra Macdonald ◽

Casey Taft

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Relationship Satisfaction ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Women Veterans ◽

Intimate Relationship ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Relationship Functioning ◽

Significant Variance ◽

The Past

Background: Women veterans may be at high risk for intimate partner violence (IPV), which increases susceptibility for negative physical and mental health. IPV experiences and use have not previously been studied among the newest generation of women veterans who deployed to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Method: This study examined the correlates of IPV in a sample of 102 women veterans who had deployed to the conflicts in Iraq or Afghanistan and who were in current intimate relationships. Using an anonymous web-based survey, participants completed measures of combat and sexual harassment exposure during deployment, measures of mental health and substance abuse, intimate relationship satisfaction, and recent IPV. Results: Results indicated that 63% of the sample reported experiencing any IPV in the past 6 months, whereas 73% reported using IPV toward their partner in the past 6 months. Linear regressions indicated intimate relationship satisfaction explained significant variance in recent psychological IPV, whereas alcohol misuse and recent psychological IPV experiences explained significant variance in physical IPV experiences and use and sexual IPV experiences. Conclusion: Women veterans in this study reported high levels of recent IPV experiences as well as the use of IPV. Results suggest the need to assess for both IPV use and IPV experiences in medical settings, and that for some women veterans, IPV prevention that focuses on healthy relationship functioning may be beneficial.

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Sleep Disturbance Partially Mediates the Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence and Physical/Mental Health in Women and Men

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260515592651 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 32 (16) ◽

pp. 2471-2495 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Linden Lalley-Chareczko ◽

Andrea Segal ◽

Michael L. Perlis ◽

Sara Nowakowski ◽

Joshua Z. Tal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Physical Health ◽

Sleep Disturbance ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Health Concern ◽

The Past ◽

The Relationship

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a worldwide health concern and an important risk factor for poor mental/physical health in both women and men. Little is known about whether IPV leads to sleep disturbance. However, sleep problems may be common in the context of IPV and may mediate relationships with mental/physical health. Data from the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used ( N = 34,975). IPV was assessed in female and male participants for any history of being threatened by, physically hurt by, or forced to have sex with an intimate partner (THREAT, HURT, and SEX, respectively), and, further, as being forced to have sex with or physically injured by an intimate partner within the past year (SEXyr and HURTyr, respectively). These survey items were coded yes/no. Sleep disturbance was assessed as difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or sleeping too much at least 6 of the last 14 days. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, race, income, education, and physical/mental health, assessed whether IPV predicted sleep disturbance. Sobel–Goodman tests assessed whether relationships between IPV and physical/mental health were partially mediated by sleep disturbance. All IPV variables were associated with sleep disturbance, even after adjusting for the effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, education, employment, marital status, physical health and mental health. THREAT was associated with sleep disturbance (odds ratio [OR] = 2.798, p < .0001), as was HURT (OR = 2.683, p < .0001), SEX (OR = 3.237, p < .0001), SEXyr (OR = 7.741, p < .0001), and HURTyr (OR = 7.497, p < .0001). In mediation analyses, all IPV variables were associated with mental health ( p < .0001), and all were associated with physical health ( p < .007) except SEXyr. Sleep disturbance partially mediated all relationships (Sobel p < .0005 for all tests). Mediation was around 30%, ranging from 18% (HURTyr and mental health) to 41% (HURT and physical health). IPV was strongly associated with current sleep disturbance above the effect of demographics and overall mental/physical health, even if the IPV happened in the past. Furthermore, sleep disturbance partially mediates the relationship between IPV and mental/physical health. Sleep interventions may potentially mitigate negative effects of IPV.

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Intimate Partner Violence Victimization, Social Support, and Resilience: Effects on the Anxiety Levels of Young Mothers

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260519888532 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 088626051988853 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Wai-Man Choi ◽

Barbara Chuen-Yee Lo ◽

Ruby Tsz-Fung Lo ◽

Peter Yee-Lap To ◽

Janet Yuen-Ha Wong

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Physical Assault ◽

Young Mothers ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Severe Anxiety

Young mothers face considerable challenges that can affect their mental health, with anxiety being one of the most common mental health problems observed in this population. Furthermore, pregnancy is one of the risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV). There is thus an urgent need to explore the IPV risk faced by young mothers and its association with their mental health, anxiety in particular. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between IPV victimization and anxiety in young mothers, as well as the protective effects of social support and resilience. A total of 79 young Chinese mothers aged 16 to 25 were recruited from a special service project for young parents in Hong Kong. Just more than half (50.6%) were found to have experienced psychological aggression by their current partner, with 26.6% and 13.9%, respectively, having experienced physical assault and sexual abuse. Roughly a quarter (25.3%) perceived themselves to suffer from moderate or severe generalized anxiety disorder. Logistic regression further showed the young mothers who had experienced physical assault and/or sexual abuse by their current partners to be at least six times likelier to have moderate or severe anxiety disorder (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.51, p < .05) than those who had experienced no such violence. Young mothers with less perceived social support (aOR = 0.77, p < .01), a lower secondary level of education or below (aOR = 12.99, p < .05), and in receipt of social security assistance (aOR = 5.69, p < .05) were also likelier to have moderate or severe anxiety disorder. The results indicate the importance of social support during the critical period of young motherhood. Health care professionals need to remain alert to the impacts of IPV victimization and the risk of anxiety in young mothers with a low level of education and/or receiving financial support.

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Does Antenatal Social Support Affect the Relationships Between Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy And Perinatal Mental Health?

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/1077801219835052 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (6-7) ◽

pp. 573-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sachiko Kita ◽

Megumi Haruna ◽

Masayo Matsuzaki ◽

Kiyoko Kamibeppu

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

Antenatal Depressive Symptoms ◽

The Relationship

Intimate partner violence (IPV) causes adverse perinatal mental health outcomes; however, few studies have identified why. We focused on antenatal social support to reveal how it affects the relationship between IPV during pregnancy and mental health outcomes. A prospective cohort study was conducted during the third trimester and 1-month postnatal. The relationship between IPV during pregnancy and antenatal depressive symptoms, which were associated with mother–infant bonding failure and postnatal depressive symptoms, was affected by mother’s satisfaction with antenatal social support. Perceived social support for abused women must be increased to prevent antenatal depressive symptoms and adverse postnatal mental health outcomes.

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Psychiatric disorders associated with intimate partner violence and sexual violence in Thai women: Aresult from the Thai National Mental Health Survey

General Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/gpsych-2018-000008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. e000008 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Benjaporn Panyayong ◽

Nopporn Tantirangsee ◽

Rudy R D Bogoian ◽

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Substance Use ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Thai Women ◽

The Past ◽

Intimate Partner Physical Violence

BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) occur commonly and are a violation of basic human rights. There are limited studies to date that examine the impact of IPV, SV and mental health outcomes in Thailand.AimsThe objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of intimate partner physical violence and IPV in Thai women and the association between these forms of violence and psychiatric disorders.MethodsThe present study used data from a national cross-sectional, population-based, household design survey. This study analysed data from 3009 female respondents above the age of 18 who were interviewed in person using the World Mental Health-Composite International Diagnostic Interview V.3.0 (WMH-CIDI 3.0). We estimated the lifetime and the 12-month period prevalence of IPV and SV, the lifetime and the past 12- month period correlation of IPV/SV with psychiatric disorders and the OR for psychiatric disorders associated with these types of violence.ResultsThere was only 5.2 % of the weighted sample that reported experiencing some form of violence, including reported rates of intimate partner physical violence of 3.5% and IPV of 2.0%. Women who had experienced IPV have a lifetime prevalence for common psychiatric disorders of 28.9%, for suicidal behaviours of 12.2% and for substance use disorders of 8.8%. Women who had experienced SV have a lifetime diagnoses for common psychiatric disorders of 21.4%, for suicidal behaviours of 16.5% and for substance use disorders of 19.4%. There was a statistically significant association between IPV/SV and being diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder during the past year and also during one’s lifetime.ConclusionThe association between IPV/SV and psychiatric disorders is significant; therefore, performing a formal assessment for a history of violence in psychiatric patients is often beneficial in refining the diagnosis and treatment.

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A systematic review of intimate partner violence interventions focused on improving social support and/ mental health outcomes of survivors

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0235177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. e0235177

Author(s):

Emilomo Ogbe ◽

Stacy Harmon ◽

Rafael Van den Bergh ◽

Olivier Degomme

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Mental Health Outcomes

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Single, Repeat, and Poly Intimate Partner Violence Victimization among Women at a College Campus: Extending Research Through the Inclusion of Technology-Facilitated Violence and Examining Key Social Determinants for Intimate Partner Violence Prevention

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/10778012211037376 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107780122110373

Author(s):

Alison J. Marganski ◽

Lisa A. Melander ◽

Walter S. DeKeseredy

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Violence Prevention ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Family Connectedness ◽

The Past ◽

Intimate Partner Violence Victimization ◽

Network Relationship

This study examines intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization (i.e., technology-facilitated and in-person psychological, physical, and sexual) and polyvictimization, along with the role of social support and other factors in influencing these experiences. Using a sample of college women in intimate relationships in the past year ( n = 265), findings revealed that social support was important in predicting IPV victimizations, with less prosocial support contributing to more frequent victimization for specific IPV forms and polyvictimization. The same support features emerged as significant for repeat technology-facilitated and repeat psychological IPV (i.e., social network relationship support), and for repeat physical and repeat sexual IPV (i.e., family connectedness), suggesting certain forms share commonalities. In the polyvictimization model, both social support measures were significant. The implications for IPV research and violence prevention are discussed.

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Examining Associations Between Strangulation and Depressive Symptoms in Women With Intimate Partner Violence Histories

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.33.6.1072 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 1072-1087 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mona Mittal ◽

Kathryn Resch ◽

Corey Nichols-Hadeed ◽

Jennifer Thompson Stone ◽

Kelly Thevenet-Morrison ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Family Court ◽

Abused Women

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with poor mental health outcomes among women. Studies on IPV and mental health show that experiencing more than one type of IPV often enhances women’s depression or depressive symptoms. However, most of these studies conceptualize IPV as physical, psychological, or sexual violence. Little is known about specific experiences of severe IPV, such as strangulation, that put victims at greater risk of lethality and serious injury and their association with women’s depression. This study examined associations between IPV, strangulation, and depression among women using secondary data collected for a randomized clinical trial testing an integrated HIV–IPV prevention intervention for abused women. Women were recruited from healthcare service delivery organizations, Department of Health and Human Services, and family court. Women (n = 175) completed assessments on IPV, strangulation, mental health, social support, and self-esteem. The majority reported strangulation (n = 103) and depressive symptoms (n = 101). Women who experienced strangulation also reported more severe physical (p < .001), sexual (p < .001), and psychological (p < .001) abuse. However, in multivariate logistic regression with sociodemographics, violence variables, and strangulation, none of these variables were associated with a higher risk for depressive symptoms. Social support had a protective effect on depressive symptoms. Findings suggest strangulation is prevalent among abused women seeking services, warranting screening, assessment, and referral in these settings.

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