Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Low Birth Weight, and Preterm Birth: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Their Association With Maternal Periodontitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 2266-2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Mafra Siqueira ◽  
Luís Otávio Miranda Cota ◽  
José Eustáquio Costa ◽  
João Paulo Amaral Haddad ◽  
Ângela Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

scholarly journals Physical activity during pregnancy and fetal outcomes: a case-control study

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Yuri Takito ◽  
Maria Helena D'Aquino Benício
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
P Value ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between physical activity during the second trimester pregnancy and low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction. METHODS: Case-control study including 273 low birth weight newborns and 546 controls carried out in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2005. Low birth weight cases were grouped into two subsamples: preterm birth (n=117) and intrauterine growth restriction (n=134), with their related controls. Information was collected by means of interviews with mothers shortly after birth and transcription of medical records. Data were analyzed using conditional multiple and hierarchical logistic regression. RESULTS: Light physical activity for over 7 hours per day was shown to be protective against low birth weight (adjusted OR=0.61; 95% CI 0.39-0.94) with a dose-response relationship (p-value for trend=0.026). A similar trend was found for intrauterine growth restriction (adjusted OR=0.51; 95% CI 0.26-0.97). Homemaking activities were associated as a protective factor for both low birth weight and preterm birth (p-value for trend=0.013 and 0.035, respectively). Leisure-time walking was found to be protective against preterm birth. CONCLUSIONS: Mild physical activity during the second trimester of pregnancy such as walking has an independent protective effect on low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction.

Risks of Selected Fetal Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes at Advance Maternal Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2468-2471
Author(s):  
Saadia Yasmeen ◽  
Sumayya . ◽  
Javeria Saleem ◽  
Jawairiah Liaqat ◽  
Nadia Pervaiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background and Aim: Advanced maternal age pregnancy could be referred to as pregnancy after 35 years or older. The prevalence of postponing pregnancies is increasing day by day worldwide. However, limited evidence was found on advanced maternal age pregnancy association with fetal adverse outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of advanced maternal age selected fetal adverse pregnancy outcomes. Place and Duration: Obstetrics & Gynaecology department of Alkhidmat Hospital Kohat and Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex, Nowshera for duration of six months from November 2020 to April 2021. Materials and Methods: This single-centered retrospective study was conducted on 220 postpartum women in the study group (≥35 years) and 170 control group postpartum women (20-34 years) who delivered at Obstetrics & Gynaecology department of Alkhidmat Hospital Kohat and Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex, Nowshera after 28 gestational weeks. Individuals who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and sampled based on randomized control sampling technique for both control and study groups. Data extraction checklist and pretested questionnaire were used for data collection from the maternal charts. Adverse pregnancy outcome and advanced maternal age was correlated adjusted relative risks and strength with a 95% confidence interval. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis and considered p-value >0.05 as a statistical standard. Results: The adverse neonatal outcomes include low birth weight, preterm birth, and stillbirth with a prevalence 38 (17.4%), 46 (20.8%), and 31 (14.2%) respectively in the study group. In the control group, the incidence of low birth weight, preterm birth, and stillbirth was 21 (12.6%), 15 (14.6%) and 6 (3.5%) respectively. The stillbirth (ARR=3.16 95% CI (1.29–6.03) and preterm deliveries (ARR=2.71 95% CI (1.79–3.86) risk had significantly higher prevalence compared to control group advanced age pregnancy. Insignificance association was found between low birth weight and advanced maternal age. Conclusion: Stillbirth and preterm birth was the adverse fetal outcome significantly related with advanced maternal age pregnancy. There was no significant association between low birth weight and advanced maternal age. Keywords: Maternal age, Fetal Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Abstract MP13: Prospective Associations of Prenatal Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity Trajectories With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Barone Gibbs ◽  
Melissa A Jones ◽  
John M Jakicic ◽  
Arundhathi Jeyebalan ◽  
Kara M Whitaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) are risk factors for future cardiovascular disease. Though factors such as obesity increase the risk of APO, whether patterns of prenatal sedentary behavior (SED) or physical activity are associated with APO is unclear. Methods: This cohort study measured objective SED, steps, and moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) during each trimester of pregnancy. Women were instructed to wear two monitors for 7 d: a thigh-mounted activPAL3 micro to measure SED and steps, and an Actigraph GT3X on an elastic waist belt to measure MVPA. Women also completed a detailed wear log. Data were considered valid with ≥4 d of ≥10 hr of wear. Physician-diagnosed APO (gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, or intrauterine growth restriction) were abstracted from medical records by trained research personnel. Growth mixture modelling was used to construct separate SED, steps, and MVPA trajectories across pregnancy. Associations between trajectory groups and APO were evaluated using logistic regression with adjustment for prepregnancy BMI, race, education, and age. Results: Women (n=100) had mean (SD) age 31.2 (4.8) yr, pregnancy BMI 26.2 (6.8) kg/m 2 , and were 25% non-white. Trajectory analyses revealed three groups within each SED, steps, and MVPA (see Table). Nineteen women (19%) had at least one APO: gestational hypertension and/or preeclampsia (n=13), gestational diabetes (n=3), preterm birth (n=6), or intrauterine growth restriction (n=4). High vs. low SED trajectory was associated with more than 6-fold higher odds of APO. Medium and high vs. low steps trajectory was associated with lower odds of APO, but only medium vs. low trajectories were statistically different. MVPA trajectory was not associated with APO risk (see Table). Conclusion: Reducing SED and increasing daily steps, though not increasing MVPA, could be novel intervention targets for reducing APO and future cardiovascular risk in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Association between antenatal care visits and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective cross-sectional study among Ghanaian women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALHASSAN SIBDOW ABUKARI ◽  
Shamsudeen Mohammed ◽  
Ibrahim Yakubu ◽  
Waliu Jawula Salisu ◽  
Yakubu H. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Older Mothers ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Ghanaian Women ◽  
Antenatal Visits

Abstract Background The study aimed to determine the association between antenatal visits and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Ghanaian women in the North East Region.Methods We analysed data on the birth records of 2907 women who delivered at Baptist Medical Centre between January 2018 to December 2018. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between antenatal visits and four adverse pregnancy outcomes – preterm birth, low birth weight, small-for-gestational-age, and stillbirth. Results Our analysis showed that ANC attendance offered some protection against preterm birth, low birth weight, small-for-gestational-age, and stillbirth in the study sample, albeit with variations in the protective effect depending on the number of visits attended. An increase in the number of ANC visits was associated with a decrease in the occurrence of the adverse pregnancy outcomes, except for low birth weight where the protective effect was observed only after four ANC visits. Adolescent mothers attended the least number of ANC visits during the study period. Our analysis suggests that the effect of ANC attendance on preterm birth and low birth weight differed depending on the age of the mother. Among mothers who never attended any ANC visits, adolescent mothers and older mothers had higher odds of low birth weight compared to mothers aged 20-30years. Surprisingly, the odds of preterm birth among the mothers who never attended any ANC visits was lower in adolescent mothers and older mothers compared to mothers aged 20-30years. For mothers who attended four or more ANC visits, the odds of low birth weight were higher in adolescent mothers and lower in older mothers compared to mothers aged 20-30years. However, the odds of preterm birth among the mothers who attended more than four ANC visits was higher in adolescent mothers and older mothers compared to mothers aged 20-30years. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of ANC in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes and the need for every pregnant woman to initiate and ensure adequate ANC contacts. The results also highlight the need to prioritise adolescents and older pregnant women for ANC.

scholarly journals Low Birth Weight due to Intrauterine Growth Restriction and/or Preterm Birth: Effects on Nephron Number and Long-Term Renal Health

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislava Zohdi ◽  
Megan R. Sutherland ◽  
Kyungjoon Lim ◽  
Lina Gubhaju ◽  
Monika A. Zimanyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Nephron Endowment

Epidemiological studies have clearly demonstrated a strong association between low birth weight and long-term renal disease. A potential mediator of this long-term risk is a reduction in nephron endowment in the low birth weight infant at the beginning of life. Importantly, nephrons are only formed early in life; during normal gestation, nephrogenesis is complete by about 32–36 weeks, with no new nephrons formed after this time during the lifetime of the individual. Hence, given that a loss of a critical number of nephrons is the hallmark of renal disease, an increased severity and acceleration of renal disease is likely when the number of nephrons is already reduced prior to disease onset. Low birth weight can result from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or preterm birth; a high proportion of babies born prematurely also exhibit IUGR. In this paper, we describe how IUGR and preterm birth adversely impact on nephrogenesis and how a subsequent reduced nephron endowment at the beginning of life may lead to long-term risk of renal disease, but not necessarily hypertension.

scholarly journals Intersections between Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251
Author(s):  
Roberta B Ness
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Reproductive Failure ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Reproductive failure in a variety of forms, whether it be infertility, miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, prematurity or intrauterine growth restriction, may aggregate within individuals. This observation, although rarely studied, suggests that single pathophysiologies may be associated with a variety of reproductive morbidities. In this review, hyperimmune responsiveness to pregnancy is provided as one example of a process leading to a multitude of adverse impacts on healthy childbearing. Further research on reproductive failure as a spectrum is warranted.

scholarly journals A Meta-analysis of Depression During Pregnancy and the Risk of Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy K. Grote ◽  
Jeffrey A. Bridge ◽  
Amelia R. Gavin ◽  
Jennifer L. Melville ◽  
Satish Iyengar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

scholarly journals PENGARUH IMT IBU HAMIL PREEKLAMPSIA DENGAN LUARAN PERINATAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Fadhilah Rahmawati ◽  
Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar ◽  
Atika Atika
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Abstrak Latar belakang dan tujuan : Preeklampsia merupakan masalah komplikasi kehamilan yang menyumbang kematian ibu tertinggi di Jawa Timur. Preeklampsia dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh ibu obesitas akan meningkatkan perburukan luaran maternal dan perinatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh ibu preeklampsia dengan luaran maternal dan luaran perinatal. Metode: penelitian ini adalah analitik obsevasional dengan rancangan cross sectional, jumlah sampel 60 rekam medis ibu dan bayi baru lahir di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga. Sampel terdiri dari ibu preeklampsia semua kategori IMT yaitu underweight, normal, overweight, obesitas grade I,II, dan III. Luaran perinatal yang diteliti adalah kematian perinatal, kelahiran prematur, IUGR (Intrauterine growth restriction), asfiksia, bayi berat lahir rendah,  Sindrom Respiratori Distres (SRD), sepsis, Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) dan Intraventrikular Hemorrhage (IVH). Hasil: Indeks Massa Tubuh Ibu preeklampsia tidak berhubungan dengan luaran perinatal antara lain kelahiran prematur, IUGR, asfiksi, BBLR dan komplikasi dini Kesimpulan: tidak ada perbedaan luaran maternal dan luaran perinatal pada berbagai Indeks massa tubuh ibu preeklampsiaAbstract Background and purpose : Preeclampsia is a problem of the pregnancy complications that has the highest maternal mortality in East Java. Preeclampsia with body mass index of obese mothers will increase the deterioration in maternal and perinatal outcomes. This study aims to analyze the body mass index of preeclampsia mothers with maternal and perinatal outcomes. Methods: This is an observational with cross-sectional design study, a sample of 60 pregnant women and newborn medical records at Universitas Airlangga Hospital. The sample consisted of preeclamptic women in all categories of body mass index such as underweight, normal, overweight, obesity grade I,II, and III. The perinatal outcomes observed are perinatal death, preterm birth, Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), asphyxia, low birth weight, Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), sepsis, Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC), and Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH). Results: There is no significant association between body mass index of preeclampsia with perinatal outcomes. Which include preterm birth, Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), asphyxia, low birth weight and early complications Conclusion: there were no difference on maternal and perinatal outcomes in all categories Body mass index of preeclamptic women

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