Women As Drivers Of Japanese Firms Success: The Effect Of Women Managers And Gender Diversity On Firm Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Nakagawa ◽  
G. M. Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Women Managers ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Compensation Policy ◽  
Japanese Firms ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

While various theoretical arguments have been constructed that imply that a firm would see improved financial performance by increasing the proportion of women managers, previous studies on the issue, in Japan and elsewhere, have shown mixed results. Using data from Toyo Keizai and Nikkei NEEDS on 745 Japanese-listed companies, the authors investigate the impact of womens managerial participation and, more generally, overall workplace and managerial gender diversity on corporate performance. They find a robust significant positive relationship between firm performance and both female manager ratio and gender diversity, after controlling for industry, firm size, capital structure, corporate governance, and compensation policy. This relationship also exhibits substantial nonlinearity, with the benefit decreasing as the proportion of women managers or managerial gender diversity increases.

Women Managers’ Impact on Use of Family-friendly Measures among Their Subordinates in Japanese Firms

2021 ◽  
pp. 095001702098740
Author(s):  
Makiko Fuwa
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Women Managers ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Female Managers ◽  
Japanese Firms ◽  
Family Friendly ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Using data from the Survey on Support for Work–Life Balance conducted in Japan, this study investigates the role of female managers in enhancing their male and female subordinates’ access to family-friendly measures in the workplace. Research on organisational gender inequality has proposed two contrasting perspectives regarding the impact of female managers on gender inequality, describing female managers as either ‘change agents’ or ‘cogs in the machine’. However, previous research has rarely investigated whether female managers address men’s limited access to family-friendly measures, which is often the hidden side of the coin of gender imbalance in male-dominated organisations. Results indicate that female managers were more likely to have subordinates who take parental leave and to exhibit stronger support for male subordinates’ family-related requests than male managers, although, like male managers, they reported feeling that managing their sections during these absences is a challenge. The implications of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effects of Market Competition, Capital Structure, and CEO Duality on Firm Performance: A Mediation Analysis by Incorporating the GMM Model Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riaqa Mubeen ◽  
Dongping Han ◽  
Jaffar Abbas ◽  
Iftikhar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Ceo Duality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Model Technique

This current study is one of the few investigations to conduct a focalized examination of the relationship between CEO duality and firm performance; however, this relationship seems to be imprecise due to the impact of the invention mechanism. This study explores the effect of CEO duality to achieve firm performance through the mediating effects of capital structure and market competition, which is an innovative model. The study incorporated the generalized method of moments (GMM) model to examine the proposed association of the CEO duality and firm performance, and the findings specified a negative relationship between CEO duality and firm performance. The results indicated that capital structure partially mediated the association between CEO duality and firm performance. The results also showed that market competition fully mediated this linkage between CEO duality and firm performance, which in turn specified a significant positive relationship with market competition, which mediated a positive relationship. By incorporating these mediators, the results determined that CEO duality reduces firm performance through the capital structure; however, it enhances firm performance by stimulating market competition.

scholarly journals Are Cultural and Gender Diversity Drivers of Firm Performance in Post- Crises Emergent Economies?

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Silvia Sumedrea
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Women Managers ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Management Team ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Made In

Abstract The study aims to see if it could offer a positive response to the question whether the company’s financial performance depends on diversity of ownership structure, board and management team. Studies of this type have been made in the developed financial markets, but hardly any were made in recent years in emerging markets. The results of this study on the Romanian financial market indicate that relationships between ownership structure, board and management team composition and firm performance are mixed. ROA, ROE, ROS and P/BV as measures of firm performance are influenced by the presence of foreign shareholders, top foreign managers, and the percentage of women managers and by company’s size. Boards including foreign members are more inclined to appoint foreign managers and women in firm’s managerial teams, but a small number of such persons are not positively associated with an increased financial performance of the firm.

Women directors and performance: evidence from Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 841-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwee Pheng Lim ◽  
Chun-Teck Lye ◽  
Yee Yen Yuen ◽  
Wendy Ming Yen Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Women Directors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between women on board and the financial performance of Malaysian listed companies. Design/methodology/approach Panel generalised method of moments (GMM) analysis was used over 928 public-listed companies listed on the Malaysian Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2016. GMM overcomes the problem of endogeneity and simultaneity bias. The dependent variable was firm performance, measured by Tobin’s Q. The explanatory variable was gender diversity, proxied by the percentage of women on board, the presence of women and gender heterogeneity indices, Blau and Shannon indices. Findings More gender diversification leads to declining firm performance possibly due to issues of tokenism and gender stereotypes. Research limitations/implications Further studies should look into the impact of various types of ownership structures on firm value and also by sectors. Practical implications As women represent half the population in Malaysia, more positive affirmative policies must be introduced to enhance their contributions to society. Social implications As women progress in society, their contributions towards nation building will be significant. Women not only play a nurturing role, but also can shape the destiny of a country. Originality/value Studies on the relationship between board gender diversity and financial performance have been conducted in the context of a few developed economies. This study contributes to the literature by examining such an issue in a developing economy that has a different environment from that of developed economies.

Corporate governance practices and capital structure decisions: the moderating effect of gender diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-964
Author(s):  
Mohammad A.A Zaid ◽  
Man Wang ◽  
Sara T.F. Abuhijleh ◽  
Ayman Issa ◽  
Mohammed W.A. Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Motivated by the agency theory, this study aims to empirically examine the nexus between board attributes and a firm’s financing decisions of non-financial listed firms in Palestine and how the previous relationship is moderated and shaped by the level of gender diversity. Design/methodology/approach Multiple regression analysis on a panel data was used. Further, we applied three different approaches of static panel data “pooled OLS, fixed effect and random effect.” Fixed-effects estimator was selected as the optimal and most appropriate model. In addition, to control for the potential endogeneity problem and to profoundly analyze the study data, the authors perform the one-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator. Dynamic panel GMM specification was superior in generating robust findings. Findings The findings clearly unveil that all explanatory variables in the study model have a significant influence on the firm’s financing decisions. Moreover, the results report that the impact of board size and board independence are more positive under conditions of a high level of gender diversity, whereas the influence of CEO duality on the firm’s leverage level turned from negative to positive. In a nutshell, gender diversity moderates the effect of board structure on a firm’s financing decisions. Research limitations/implications This study was restricted to one institutional context (Palestine); therefore, the results reflect the attributes of the Palestinian business environment. In this vein, it is possible to generate different findings in other countries, particularly in developed markets. Practical implications The findings of this study can draw responsible parties and policymakers’ attention in developing countries to introduce and contextualize new mechanisms that can lead to better monitoring process and help firms in attracting better resources and establishing an optimal capital structure. For instance, entities should mandate a minimum quota for the proportion of women incorporation in boardrooms. Originality/value This study provides empirical evidence on the moderating role of gender diversity on the effect of board structure on firm’s financing decisions, something that was predominantly neglected by the earlier studies and has not yet examined by ancestors. Thereby, to protrude nuanced understanding of this novel and unprecedented idea, this study thoroughly bridges this research gap and contributes practically and theoretically to the existing corporate governance–capital structure literature.

Re-examining the Impact of Educational and Gender Diversity in Ventures in Business

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 11218
Author(s):  
Violetta Gerasymenko ◽  
Yohan Choi ◽  
Samyul Cho ◽  
Jonathan D. Arthurs
Keyword(s):  
Gender Diversity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Board gender diversity: performance and risk of Brazilian firms

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Mastella ◽  
Daniel Vancin ◽  
Marcelo Perlin ◽  
Guilherme Kirch
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Firm Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Female Presence ◽  
Board Gender Diversity ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to intend to check if female board representation affects performance and risk and to analyse the evolution of the demographic aspects of the presence of women on boards in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a sample of 150 Brazilian publicly traded companies from 2010–2018, with different measures of firm performance, firm risk and women’s presence on the board. The study approach is based on a set of ordinary least squares, quantile and panel data regressions. Findings The presence of women on the board has a positive effect on all of our accounting and market performance measures. However, the result of the impact on risk is not conclusive. The study also found that the number of females on the board has a more significant effect at the lower levels of firm performance measured by return on equity, but at the higher levels when measured by Tobin’s Q. Regarding return on assets, the more significant effect happened on the extremes of the performance distribution. The study findings point that market investors place more value in female presence on the board than in director positions. Originality/value By estimating the impact of women’s presence on the boards of directors in firm performance and risk, this study aimed to verify this impact in different aspects of the company. In addition, the authors did so in a sample with many years, making it possible to evaluate the historical evolution of the feminine presence in the boards of administration as well as in the groups of directors, assisting Brazilian legislators with new evidence about the possible impacts of Draft Law 7179/2017.

scholarly journals Diversity and safety on campus @ Western: Heterosexism and cissexism in higher education

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Asquith ◽  
Tania Ferfolia ◽  
Brooke Brady ◽  
Benjamin Hanckel
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Diverse Students ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Discrimination, harassment and violence can vitiate staff and students’ experiences of education and work. Although there is increasing knowledge about these experiences in primary and secondary education, very little is known about them in higher education. This paper draws from landmark research that examines the interpersonal, educational and socio-cultural perspectives that prevail about sexuality and gender diversity on an Australian university campus. In this paper we focus on three aspects of the broader research findings: the heterosexism and cissexism experienced by sexuality and gender diverse students and staff at the university; their actions and responses to these experiences; and the impact of these experiences on victims. The research demonstrates that although the university is generally safe, sexuality and gender diverse students and staff experience heterosexist and cissexist discrimination, which can have negative ramifications on their workplace and learning experiences.

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Design Brief Information on the Creativity of Design Outcomes With Consideration of Gender and Gender Diversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Koronis ◽  
Pei Zhi Chia ◽  
Jacob Kang Kai Siang ◽  
Arlindo Silva ◽  
Christine Yogiaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Undergraduate Student ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collaborative Sketching

This study aims to understand how information in design briefs affects the creativity of design outcomes. We tested this during a Collaborative Sketching (C-Sketch) ideation exercise with first-year undergraduate student designers. We focus on four types of stimuli—quantitative requirements, a visual example (video), a physical example, and contextual information—and we measure creativity according to three metrics—novelty, appropriateness, and usability with either the participants’ gender or the gender diversity of the participants’ groups. The findings suggest that the main effect of providing a video example results in high appropriateness and usability scores but low novelty scores and that physical-contextual briefs have high novelty and usability scores. In addition, we did not find any correlation between gender or gender diversity and creativity scores.

scholarly journals Influence of Capital Structure on Corporate Performance of Listed Firm in PSX: Role of External Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Hameed ◽  
Farheen Zahra Hussain ◽  
Khawar Naheed ◽  
Muhammad Sadiq Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Total Debt ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: A company’s capital structure is a blend of its equity and debt financing and is considered a significant factor in the valuation of any firm. The decisions related to capital structure formation play an integral role for the firms, therefore; this research tends to explore the factors of capital structure and their impact on firm performance. For this purpose, financial data for different listed companies in PSX has been gathered, and dividends and taxes are used as firm external factors.  Design/Methodology/Approach: To examine the impact, the panel data has been used for the period 2016-2020 and panel least square has been applied. Findings: The findings suggest that among the variables current ratio, dividends, taxation, total debt to total equity ratio, and the firm size are statistically significant to profitability. The study also concludes that dividends and tax have a greater impact on capital structure and firm performance.   Implications/Originality/Value: Managers and owners of the firms must make sure that their profits are used for future investments rather than payment of debts to avoid bankruptcy.  

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