scholarly journals Improvement Of Block Product Turbo Coding By Using A New Concept Of Soft Hamming Decoder

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Alaa Ghaith
Keyword(s):  
Turbo Code ◽  
Code Word ◽  
Turbo Coding ◽  
Hamming Code ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Soft Decoding ◽  
Error Patterns ◽  
Block Product ◽  
Bpsk Modulation

The block product turbo code (BPTC) is classified as one of block turbo code concatenation forms. The Hamming code can detect two-bit error and correct one-bit error. The BPTC uses two Hamming codes for "column" coding and "row" coding, it has improved the Hamming code correcting only one error. In addition, the BPTC carries out block interleaving coding for disorganizing the transmission sequence before transmission, so as to avoid burst errors when the signal meets multi-path channel in the channel. This paper will discuss the decoding mechanism of the BPTC and analyze the efficiency of using a soft decoding algorithm in the decoding process. The soft Hamming Decoder is based on error patterns which belong to the same syndrome. It is shown that it is sufficient to investigate error patterns with one and two errors to gain up to 1.2 dB compared to hard decision decoding. Here, we will consider also the error patterns with three errors which belong to the determined syndrome, which increases the gain and improves the quality of the soft-output due to the increased number of comparisons with valid code words, in despite that, it will increase the complexity of the decoding process. The system is based on two Hamming block channel code combinations, which can be similar or different, a block interleaving to construct a BPSK modulation and BPTC coding system in the concept of feedback encoding in turbo code over an AWGN channel. To observe its coding improvement, we present the simulation results for the soft decoding of the BPTC codes of a code word length from 49 bits (using two (7,4) codes) up to 1440 bits (using two (127,120) codes).

The Validity and Quality of a Novel National Emergency Department Diagnosis Coding System

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
R. Berant ◽  
Y. Simon ◽  
L.D. Amir ◽  
P. Halpern ◽  
M. Mimouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Coding System ◽  
National Emergency ◽  
Diagnosis Coding

SISTEM INFORMASI INVENTORY BARANG (SI RIANG) PADA PT SANGHIANG PERKASA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Eka Chandra Ramdhani ◽  
Juniarti Eka Safitri ◽  
Selamat Abdurrahman Fahmi ◽  
Asep Asep
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
System Development ◽  
Inventory System ◽  
Inventory Systems ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Software Requirements Analysis

The inventory system is a system that has a very important role in a company. Inventory systems have been widely used or developed in a place with various technologies and systems. Problems at PT. Sanghiang Perkasa is due to the fact that the data has not been stored in a good file and the management and processing of inventory data is still processed in a conventional way, which has a very significant effect on the quality of the data and information produced. The main objective of this research is to produce an inventory system that is powerful and in accordance with the needs of the users associated with the inventory system. The system development method in this inventory system uses the waterfall method which consists of six stages. The stages are System Analysis and Design, software requirements analysis, system design, coding, system testing and maintenance. This system was built using the PHP programming language, DataBase MySQL. It is hoped that with the implementation of this inventory system at PT. Sanghiang Perkasa can make it easier to store and process data and information such as stock-taking data, information on incoming and outgoing goods transactions, purchase and sales return data, managing customer and supplier data to making product stock reports and assembly reports. Keywords: Information System; Inventory, Web

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Quality of Mindfulness-Based School Interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lynd Phan ◽  
Tyler L Renshaw ◽  
Julie Caramanico ◽  
Jeffrey M. Greeson ◽  
Elizabeth MacKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
School Interventions ◽  
Youth Outcomes

We reviewed the effects of mindfulness-based school interventions (MBSIs) on youth outcomes. We evaluated seventy-three studies with a total sample a total of 11,906 students across five continents, assessing the quality of each study through a robust coding system for evidence-based guidelines. Coders rated studies as 1++ (systematic review) to 4 (expert opinion) for level of evidence. Outcomes were assigned a corresponding evidence quality letter grade, from strongest (A) to weakest (D) evidence. Outcomes fell into 11 categories: wellbeing, self-compassion, social functioning, mental health, self-regulation and emotionality, mindful awareness, attentional focus, psychological and physiological stress, problem behaviors, academic performance, and acceptability. Strongest evidence showed increased resilience and reduced anxiety. There was comparable improvement in depression and wellbeing across youth relative to control groups. We urge researchers interested in MBSIs to study their effectiveness using more rigorous designs to minimize bias and promote higher quality evidence to guide school-based practice.

A Comprehensive Coding System to Measure the Quality of School Wellness Policies

2009 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 1256-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene B. Schwartz ◽  
Anne E. Lund ◽  
H. Mollie Grow ◽  
Elaine McDonnell ◽  
Claudia Probart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coding System ◽  
School Wellness ◽  
Wellness Policies ◽  
School Wellness Policies

scholarly journals Side Information Generation Scheme Based on Coefficient Matrix Improvement Model in Transform Domain Distributed Video Coding

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jianhua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
Side Information ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Distributed Video Coding ◽  
Transform Domain ◽  
Entropy Coding ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Optical Flow Method ◽  
Information Generation

In order to effectively improve the quality of side information in distributed video coding, we propose a side information generation scheme based on a coefficient matrix improvement model. The discrete cosine transform coefficient bands of the Wyner–Ziv frame at the encoder side are divided into entropy coding coefficient bands and distributed video coding coefficient bands, and then the coefficients of entropy coding coefficient bands are sampled, which are divided into sampled coefficients and unsampled coefficients. For sampled coefficients, an adaptive arithmetic encoder is used for lossless compression. For unsampled coefficients and the coefficients of distributed video coding coefficient bands, the low density parity check accumulate encoder is used to calculate the parity bits, which are stored in the buffer and transmitted in small amount upon decoder request. At the decoder side, the optical flow method is used to generate the initial side information, and the initial side information is improved according to the sampled coefficients by using the coefficient matrix improvement model. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed side information generation scheme based on the coefficient matrix improvement model can effectively improve the quality of side information, and the quality of the generated side information is improved by about 0.2–0.4 dB, thereby improving the overall performance of the distributed video coding system.

Older Patient–Physician Discussion About Exercise

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Adelman ◽  
Michele G. Greene ◽  
Erika Friedmann ◽  
Marcia G. Ory ◽  
Caitlin E. Snow
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Older Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Dimensional Interaction

This cross-sectional observational study examined the frequency of older patient–physician discussions about exercise, who initiates discussions, and the quality of questioning, informing, and support about exercise. The study used a convenience sample of 396 follow-up visits at 3 community-based practice sites, with 376 community-dwelling older patients and 43 primary-care physicians. Audiotapes were analyzed using the Multi-Dimensional Interaction Analysis coding system. Results demonstrate that exercise was discussed in 13% of visits and the subject was raised equally by patients and physicians. Exercise was significantly more likely to be discussed in dyadic visits (14.7%) than in triadic visits (4.1%). Patient level of education, patient overall physical health, and the physician’s being female were significant predictors of the occurrence of exercise discussion. Given the importance of exercise for maintaining health and independence in older adults, more clinical and research attention is needed to address barriers to effective discussions in this area.

scholarly journals A Coordinate Displacement Compensation Based Quality Enhancement Method for Chroma Subsampling and Upsampling on VVC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Liang Chung
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Quality Enhancement ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Server Side ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Screen Content ◽  
Enhancement Method ◽  
Client Side

<div>Prior to encoding an input RGB full-color image I<sup>RGB</sup>, at the server side, performing chroma subsampling on the converted chroma image is a necessary step. After receiving the decompressed subsampled chroma image and luma</div><div>image at the client side, performing chroma upsampling is also a necessary step for reconstructing the RGB full-color image. In this paper, we consider seven commonly used chroma subsampling methods, denoted by C<sub>s</sub>, and four widely used chroma upsampling methods, denoted by C<sub>u</sub>. For each combination c<sub>s</sub>-c<sub>u</sub> in C<sub>s</sub>xC<sub>u</sub>, we first utilize the moment balance law to analyze the coordinate displacement (CD) bias problem occurring in c<sub>s</sub>. Next, for the combination c<sub>s</sub>-c<sub>u</sub>, we analyze the CD bias problem occurring in the transition from the server side to the client side. Then, we explain why the CD bias problem degrades the quality of the reconstructed RGB full-color images in the current coding system. To remedy this CD bias problem, a CD compensationbased (CDC-based) quality enhancement method is proposed to improve the quality of the reconstructed images. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in this research direction. Based on the IMAX, Kodak, SCI (screen content images), and Video datasets, the comprehensive experimental results have demonstrated that on the newly released versatile video coding (VVC) platform VTM-12.0, the proposed CDC-based quality enhancement method in our augmented coding system can achieve substantial quality improvement for 17 combinations in C<sub>s</sub>xC<sub>u</sub>.</div>

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