scholarly journals The Impact of Physiological Interpretation of Cardiotocogram (CTG) in Conjunction with Fetal ECG (STAN) on Intrapartum Emergency Caesarean Sections

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Chandraharan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Caesarean ◽  
Fetal Ecg ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of delivery mode on the risk of neonatal intracranial haemorrhage

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nika Buh ◽  
Miha Lučovnik
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Intracranial Haemorrhage ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Vacuum Extraction ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Emergency Caesarean ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The objective of the study was to examine the association between the mode of delivery and the incidence of neonatal intracranial haemorrhage.Methods: Slovenian National Perinatal Information System (NPIS) data for the period 2002 through 2016 were analysed. Nulliparous women delivering singleton neonates in cephalic presentation weighting 2,500 to 4,000g were included. Incidence of neonatal intracranial haemorrhage in vacuum delivery vs. other modes of delivery was compared using the Chi-square test (p < 0.05 significant).Results: 125,393 deliveries were included: 5,438 (4 %) planned caesarean deliveries, 9,7764 (78 %) spontaneous vaginal deliveries, 15,577 (12 %) emergency caesarean deliveries, and 6,614 (5 %) vacuum extractions. 17 (0.14/1000) neonatal intracranial haemorrhages were recorded: 12 occurred in spontaneous vaginal deliveries, two in emergency caesarean deliveries, and three in vacuum extractions. In comparison to infants born by spontaneous vaginal delivery, those delivered by vacuum extraction had higher rates of intracranial haemorrhage (odds ratio (OR) 3.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04−13.10). Risk estimates did not reach statistical significance when comparing infants born by vacuum extraction and those born by emergency caesarean delivery (OR 3.54; 95% CI 0.59−21.16).Discussion and conclusion: Infants born by vacuum extraction have significantly higher rates of intracranial haemorrhage than those born by spontaneous vaginal delivery although the absolute risk is small. There are no significant differences in the rates of intracranial haemorrhage in vacuum extraction vs. emergency caesarean delivery.

scholarly journals The decision to delivery interval in emergency caesarean sections: Impact of anaesthetic technique and work shift

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Hein ◽  
David Thalen ◽  
Ylva Eriksson ◽  
Jan G. Jakobsson
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Anaesthetic Technique ◽  
Work Shift ◽  
Emergency Caesarean ◽  
Labour Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Anaesthesia Service ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emergency Anaesthesia

Background: One important task of the emergency anaesthesia service is to provide rapid, safe and effective anaesthesia for emergency caesarean sections (ECS). A Decision to Delivery Interval (DDI) <30 minutes for ECS is a quality indicator for this service. The aim of this study was to assess the DDI and the impact of chosen anaesthetic technique (general anaesthesia (GA), spinal anaesthesia (SPA) with opioid supplementation, or “top-up” of labour epidural analgesia (tEDA) with local anaesthesia and fentanyl mixture) and work shift for ECS at Danderyds Hospital, Sweden. Methods: A retrospective chart review of ECS at Danderyds Hospital was performed between January and October 2016. Time between decision for CS, start of anaesthesia, time for incision and delivery, type of anaesthetic technique, and time of day, working hours or on call and day of week, Monday – Friday, and weekend was compiled and analysed. Time events are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Non-parametric tests were used. Results: In total, 135 ECS were analysed: 92% of the cases were delivered within 30 minutes and mean DDI for all cases was 17.3±8.1 minutes. GA shortened the DDI by 10 and 13 minutes compared to SPA and tEDA (p<0.0005). DDI for SPA and tEDA did not differ. There was no difference in DDI regarding time of day or weekday. Apgar <7 at 5’ was more commonly seen in ECS having GA (11 out of 64) compared to SPA (2/30) and tEDA (1/41) (p<0.05). Conclusion: GA shortens the DDI for ECS, but the use of SPA as well as tEDA with opioid supplementation maintains a short DDI and should be considered when time allows. Top-up epidural did not prolong the DDI compared to SPA. The day of week or time of ECS had no influence on the anaesthesia service as measured by the DDI.

scholarly journals The Impact of Timing of Elective Cesarean Delivery at Term in Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 653-660
Author(s):  
Ajmone TROSHANI ◽  
Evda VEVECKA
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Emergency Caesarean ◽  
Emergency Cesarean ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
The Impact

The aim is to investigate the association between elective caesarean sections and neonatal respiratory morbidity and the importance of timing of elective caesarean sections Methods; Cohort study with prospectively collected data of all elective Caesarean sections on mothers with a gestational age of 37+0 weeks and more, that were performed in our Hospital from 1 January 2011 to 1 January 2017. Multiple pregnancies, fetuses with congenital anomalies, intrauterine deaths, and emergency Caesarean sections were excluded. Primary outcome measures of neonatal respiratory morbidity included transient tachypnea of newborn, respiratory distress syndrome, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Results; 4290 infants were delivered by elective caesarean section at 37+0 and then after Compared with newborns from vaginal delivery, and emergency cesarean section an increased risk of respiratory morbidity was found for infants delivered by elective caesarean section at 37 +0 weeks’ gestation to 37+6 weeks (odds ratio 5.7 95% confidence interval 4.3 to 8.9), 38+0 weeks’ gestation to 38+6 weeks (2.8, 2.1 to 4.2 ), and 39+0 weeks’ gestation (2.1, 1.5 to 2.8). Also increasing the incidence of admission to the NICU with decreasing gestational age at term birth below the 39 weeks of gestation Conclusions: Compared with newborn delivered vaginally or by emergency caesarean sections, those delivered by elective caesarean section around term have an increased risk of respiratory morbidity. The relative risk increased with decreasing gestational age.

scholarly journals The decision to delivery interval in emergency caesarean sections: Impact of anaesthetic technique and work shift

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Hein ◽  
David Thalen ◽  
Ylva Eriksson ◽  
Jan G. Jakobsson
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Anaesthetic Technique ◽  
Work Shift ◽  
Emergency Caesarean ◽  
Labour Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Anaesthesia Service ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emergency Anaesthesia

Background: One important task of the emergency anaesthesia service is to provide rapid, safe and effective anaesthesia for emergency caesarean sections (ECS). A Decision to Delivery Interval (DDI) <30 minutes for ECS is a quality indicator for this service. The aim of this study was to assess the DDI and the impact of chosen anaesthetic technique (general anaesthesia (GA), spinal anaesthesia (SPA) with opioid supplementation, or “top-up” of labour epidural analgesia (tEDA) with local anaesthesia and fentanyl mixture) and work shift for ECS at Danderyds Hospital, Sweden. Methods: A retrospective chart review of ECS at Danderyds Hospital was performed between January and October 2016. Time between decision for CS, start of anaesthesia, time for incision and delivery, type of anaesthetic technique, and time of day, working hours or on call and day of week, Monday – Friday, and weekend was compiled and analysed. Time events are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Non-parametric tests were used. Results: In total, 135 ECS were analysed: 92% of the cases were delivered within 30 minutes and mean DDI for all cases was 17.3±8.1 minutes. GA shortened the DDI by 10 and 13 minutes compared to SPA and tEDA (p<0.0005). DDI for SPA and tEDA did not differ. There was no difference in DDI regarding time of day or weekday. Apgar <7 at 5’ was more commonly seen in ECS having GA (11 out of 64) compared to SPA (2/30) and tEDA (1/41) (p<0.05). Conclusion: GA shortens the DDI for ECS, but the use of SPA as well as tEDA with opioid supplementation maintains a short DDI and should be considered when time allows. Top-up epidural did not prolong the DDI compared to SPA. The day of week or time of ECS had no influence on the anaesthesia service as measured by the DDI.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

Asteroid and Comet Impact Speeds upon Mars: Significance for Panspermia and the Supply of Organics

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Steel
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhilst lithopanspermia depends upon massive impacts occurring at a speed above some limit, the intact delivery of organic chemicals or other volatiles to a planet requires the impact speed to be below some other limit such that a significant fraction of that material escapes destruction. Thus the two opposite ends of the impact speed distributions are the regions of interest in the bioastronomical context, whereas much modelling work on impacts delivers, or makes use of, only the mean speed. Here the probability distributions of impact speeds upon Mars are calculated for (i) the orbital distribution of known asteroids; and (ii) the expected distribution of near-parabolic cometary orbits. It is found that cometary impacts are far more likely to eject rocks from Mars (over 99 percent of the cometary impacts are at speeds above 20 km/sec, but at most 5 percent of the asteroidal impacts); paradoxically, the objects impacting at speeds low enough to make organic/volatile survival possible (the asteroids) are those which are depleted in such species.

Organic Syntheses During the Impact of a Comet with a Gaseous Planet

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Cesare Guaita ◽  
Roberto Crippa ◽  
Federico Manzini
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Blue Filter ◽  
Organic Syntheses ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA large amount of CO has been detected above many SL9/Jupiter impacts. This gas was never detected before the collision. So, in our opinion, CO was released from a parent compound during the collision. We identify this compound as POM (polyoxymethylene), a formaldehyde (HCHO) polymer that, when suddenly heated, reformes monomeric HCHO. At temperatures higher than 1200°K HCHO cannot exist in molecular form and the most probable result of its decomposition is the formation of CO. At lower temperatures, HCHO can react with NH3 and/or HCN to form high UV-absorbing polymeric material. In our opinion, this kind of material has also to be taken in to account to explain the complex evolution of some SL9 impacts that we observed in CCD images taken with a blue filter.

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