scholarly journals THE APOLOGY OF THE WHOLE

Bioethics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
H.P. Tiras ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Virtual Image ◽  
Actual Object ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Virtual Images ◽  
Naturalistic Ethics ◽  
Digital Formats ◽  
Living Objects

At the level of the whole organism, an idea of the complexity of living things is formed as a combination of levels of organization (layers) of biological and virtual reality, which develops as a space for visualization (digitization) of living objects. New digital formats of living objects, coupled with the naturalistic ethics of obtaining them, create a trend towards a complete transition of biology to a quantitatively new level of obtaining biological information – information about the state of living biological objects. The development of digital biology contributes to an increasingly large-scale transition to the creation and analysis of virtual images of living biological objects, and at the same time "removes" the biologist from the actual object of research: a biologist can work with a virtual image and not destroy his research object. Digital naturalism appears, and, consequently, a digital "experiment" must also be expected, which will undoubtedly continue the eternal confrontation between naturalists and naturalists or vitalists with mechanists in the new techno environment.

scholarly journals Body Self-Esteem, Virtual Image in Social Networks And Sexuality in Adolescent

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Montserrat Peris ◽  
Carmen Maganto ◽  
Lorea Kortabarria
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Virtual Image ◽  
Sexual Advance ◽  
Virtual Images ◽  
Body Self ◽  
Verbal Strategies

Adolescence is characterized by concerns about body self-esteem, as well as sexual arousal. Social Networks (SN) have become the way to express the sex interests in adolescents and the place where they publish more virtual photographs. Objectives: a) Analyze the sex and age differences in body self-esteem, virtual images and sexual advance strategies; b) Carry out correlations among variables studied. Participants: 200 adolescents from 14 to 17 years, 98 boys (49%), selected randomly from the Basque country. Assessment instruments: Body Self-Esteem Scale (Maganto & Kortabarria, 2011), Questionnaire of Virtual Image on Social Network (Maganto & Peris, 2011), Sexual Advance Strategies (Roman, 2009). Results: Statistically significant differences in sex and age were obtained. The boys obtained higher scores than girls in body self-esteem, erotic publications and coercive sexual strategies. Youth of 16-17 years have more strategies of sexual advances and positive emotions to sexuality than adolescents of 14-15 years. Social and erotic body self-esteem correlates positively with aesthetic, erotic publications and physical and verbal sexual advance strategies. Conclusions: Adolescents with higher body self esteem, both aesthetic and erotic, more virtual images on social networks publish, and they are those who carry out more strategies of sexual advance, specifically physical and verbal strategies.

scholarly journals Assessing the measurement transfer function of single-cell RNA sequencing

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah R. Dueck ◽  
Rizi Ai ◽  
Adrian Camarena ◽  
Bo Ding ◽  
Reymundo Dominguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Gene Detection ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Scale Control

AbstractRecently, measurement of RNA at single cell resolution has yielded surprising insights. Methods for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have received considerable attention, but the broad reliability of single cell methods and the factors governing their performance are still poorly known. Here, we conducted a large-scale control experiment to assess the transfer function of three scRNA-seq methods and factors modulating the function. All three methods detected greater than 70% of the expected number of genes and had a 50% probability of detecting genes with abundance greater than 2 to 4 molecules. Despite the small number of molecules, sequencing depth significantly affected gene detection. While biases in detection and quantification were qualitatively similar across methods, the degree of bias differed, consistent with differences in molecular protocol. Measurement reliability increased with expression level for all methods and we conservatively estimate the measurement transfer functions to be linear above ~5-10 molecules. Based on these extensive control studies, we propose that RNA-seq of single cells has come of age, yielding quantitative biological information.

Distance Perception of Stereoscopically Presented Virtual Objects Optically Superimposed on Physical Objects by a Head-Mounted See-Through Display

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (19) ◽  
pp. 1300-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Ellis ◽  
Urs J. Bucher
Keyword(s):  
Distance Perception ◽  
Physical Object ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Virtual Image ◽  
Virtual Objects ◽  
Pointing Errors ◽  
Virtual Images ◽  
Image Displays ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Opaque Object

The influence of physically presented background stimuli on distance judgements to optically overlaid, stereoscopic virtual images has been studied using head-mounted stereoscopic, virtual image displays. Positioning of an opaque physical object either at the perceived depth of the virtual image or at a position substantially in front of it, has been observed to cause the virtual image to apparently move closer to the observer. In the case of physical objects positioned substantially in front of the virtual image, subjects often perceive the opaque object as transparent. Evidence is presented that the apparent change of position caused by interposition of the physical object is not influenced by the strengthening of occlusion cues but is influenced by motion of the physical objects which would attract the subjects ocular vergence. The observed effect appears to be associated with the relative conspicuousness of the overlaid virtual image and the background. This effect may be related to Foley's models of open-loop stereoscopic pointing errors which attributed the stereoscopic distance errors to misjudgment of a reference point for interpretation of retinal disparities. Some implications for the design of see-through displays for manufacturing will also be discussed briefly.

scholarly journals NETWORKS FROM GENE EXPRESSION TIME SERIES: CHARACTERIZATION OF CORRELATION PATTERNS

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (07) ◽  
pp. 2477-2483 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. REMONDINI ◽  
N. NERETTI ◽  
C. FRANCESCHI ◽  
P. TIERI ◽  
J. M. SEDIVY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Gene Expression Time Series ◽  
Expression Time

We address the problem of finding large-scale functional and structural relationships between genes, given a time series of gene expression data, namely mRNA concentration values measured from genetically engineered rat fibroblasts cell lines responding to conditional cMyc proto-oncogene activation. We show how it is possible to retrieve suitable information about molecular mechanisms governing the cell response to conditional perturbations. This task is complex because typical high-throughput genomics experiments are performed with high number of probesets (103–104 genes) and a limited number of observations (< 102 time points). In this paper, we develop a deepest analysis of our previous work [Remondini et al., 2005] in which we characterized some of the main features of a gene-gene interaction network reconstructed from temporal correlation of gene expression time series. One first advancement is based on the comparison of the reconstructed network with networks obtained from randomly generated data, in order to characterize which features retrieve real biological information, and which are instead due to the characteristics of the network reconstruction method. The second and perhaps more relevant advancement is the characterization of the global change in co-expression pattern following cMyc activation as compared to a basal unperturbed state. We propose an analogy with a physical system in a critical state close to a phase transition (e.g. Potts ferromagnet), since the cell responds to the stimulus with high susceptibility, such that a single gene activation propagates to almost the entire genome. Our result is relative to temporal properties of gene network dynamics, and there are experimental evidence that this can be related to spatial properties regarding the global organization of chromatine structure [Knoepfler et al., 2006].

scholarly journals Embodied Identities in Roman Britain: A Bioarchaeological Approach

Britannia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 177-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Gowland
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
Roman Britain ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diversity Of Life ◽  
The Military ◽  
Integrated Study

ABSTRACTHuman skeletal remains from Roman Britain are abundant and provide a rich repository of social as well as biological information concerning health, migration, diet and body/society interactions. At present, skeletal remains tend to be marginalised in studies of Roman trade, the military, economy, urbanisation and the like, yet they have huge potential to contribute to current debates. This article aims to highlight the potential of bioarchaeological analysis for understanding aspects of social identity in Roman Britain through the use of a more integrated, theoretical approach towards embodied interactions. It encourages future collaborative scholarship between bioarchaeologists, archaeologists and historians. The social determinants of health and identity will vary greatly between regions and the only way of establishing the diversity of life across the Roman Empire is through the instigation of a more comprehensive, large-scale, integrated study of funerary and skeletal assemblages.

Databases as instruments for analysis of large-scale data sets of interactions between molecular biological objects

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Sorokina ◽  
V. N. Kuptzov ◽  
Y. N. Urban ◽  
A. V. Fokin ◽  
S. V. Pojarkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Scale Data ◽  
Large Scale Data Sets

scholarly journals Detection of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Manifestation in Chest X-Rays using Different Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2270-2275 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Digital Formats

Tuberculosis (TB) is airborne infectious disease which has claimed many lives than any other infectious disease. Chest X-rays (CXRs) are often used in recognizing TB manifestation site in chest. Lately, CXRs are taken in digital formats, which has made a huge impact in rapid diagnosis using automated systems in medical field. In our current work, four simple Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) models such as VGG-16, VGG-19, RestNet50, and GoogLenet are implemented in identification of TB manifested CXRs. Two public TB image datasets were utilized to conduct this research. This study was carried out to explore the limit of accuracies and AUCs acquired by simple and small-scale CNN with complex and large-scale CNN models. The results achieved from this work are compared with results of two previous studies. The results indicate that our proposed VGG-16 model has gained highest score overall compared to the models from other two previous studies.

scholarly journals Multi -omics and metabolic modelling pipelines: challenges and tools for systems microbiology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fondi ◽  
Pietro Liò
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Metabolic Modelling ◽  
Microbial Life ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Integrated Omics ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Omics Data Integration

Integrated -omics approaches are quickly spreading across microbiology research labs, leading to i) the possibility of detecting previously hidden features of microbial cells like multi-scale spatial organisation and ii) tracing molecular components across multiple cellular functional states. This promises to reduce the knowledge gap between genotype and phenotype and poses new challenges for computational microbiologists. We underline how the capability to unravel the complexity of microbial life will strongly depend on the integration of the huge and diverse amount of information that can be derived today from -omics experiments. In this work, we present opportunities and challenges of multi –omics data integration in current systems biology pipelines. We here discuss which layers of biological information are important for biotechnological and clinical purposes, with a special focus on bacterial metabolism and modelling procedures. A general review of the most recent computational tools for performing large-scale datasets integration is also presented, together with a possible framework to guide the design of systems biology experiments by microbiologists.

scholarly journals Body Self-Esteem, Virtual Image in Social Networks And Sexuality in Adolescent

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Montserrat Peris ◽  
Carmen Maganto ◽  
Lorea Kortabarria
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Virtual Image ◽  
Sexual Advance ◽  
Virtual Images ◽  
Body Self ◽  
Verbal Strategies

Adolescence is characterized by concerns about body self-esteem, as well as sexual arousal. Social Networks (SN) have become the way to express the sex interests in adolescents and the place where they publish more virtual photographs. Objectives: a) Analyze the sex and age differences in body self-esteem, virtual images and sexual advance strategies; b) Carry out correlations among variables studied. Participants: 200 adolescents from 14 to 17 years, 98 boys (49%), selected randomly from the Basque country. Assessment instruments: Body Self-Esteem Scale (Maganto & Kortabarria, 2011), Questionnaire of Virtual Image on Social Network (Maganto & Peris, 2011), Sexual Advance Strategies (Roman, 2009). Results: Statistically significant differences in sex and age were obtained. The boys obtained higher scores than girls in body self-esteem, erotic publications and coercive sexual strategies. Youth of 16-17 years have more strategies of sexual advances and positive emotions to sexuality than adolescents of 14-15 years. Social and erotic body self-esteem correlates positively with aesthetic, erotic publications and physical and verbal sexual advance strategies. Conclusions: Adolescents with higher body self esteem, both aesthetic and erotic, more virtual images on social networks publish, and they are those who carry out more strategies of sexual advance, specifically physical and verbal strategies.

Virtual image navigation: a new method to control intraoperative bleeding in neuroendoscopic surgery

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Scholz ◽  
Britta Fricke ◽  
Stephan Tombrock ◽  
Markus Hardenack ◽  
Kirsten Schmieder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Navigation ◽  
Virtual Image ◽  
Position Measurement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Virtual Images ◽  
Graphic Overlay ◽  
Image Navigation ◽  
Fine Print

✓ In this neuroendoscopic study the authors tested the newly developed “red-out module” of their visual navigation system that enables the neurosurgeon to achieve hemostasis if total visualization is lost due to hemorrhage (“red out”) within the visual field. An optical position measurement system connected to the endoscope guarantees that digitized endoscopic images are coupled with the accurate endoscopic position. Computerized images are simultaneously stored with their respective position data, and this creates a virtual anatomical landscape. The system was tested in in vivo bleeding conditions in a rat model. Artificial endoscopic cavities were created in the inguinal, pelvic, and jugular regions in rats to imitate the conditions of the human ventricular system.Two experimental settings were tested: Technique I, in which a computer landmark has been previously determined at the point where the vessel will be lesioned; and Technique II, in which a landmark has been previously set in the surrounding area of the vessel. Immediately after hemorrhage obscures the visual field (red out), the computer automatically displays the virtual images on a separate monitor. The previously set landmarks and the graphic overlay of the coagulation fiber enable the surgeon to navigate within the operative field based on the virtual images and to perform coagulation at the site of the lesion. A total of 175 vessels were coagulated: 43 arteries and 132 veins. In using Technique I, 130 (90.9%) of 143 vessels and in using Technique II, 26 (81.2%) of 32 arteries were successfully coagulated. The authors' data revealed that virtual image guidance has the potential to be a helpful tool in neuroendoscopy.

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