Improvement of the planning method of the sortation system

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-446
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. SOLYANIK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Car Traffic ◽  
Optimal Load ◽  
Marshalling Yard ◽  
Objective Determination

Objective: Determination of the minimum time spent by a transit car with processing at the marshalling yard, identification of the optimal car flow in order to optimize the loading of the station’s technical devices. Methods: The description of interoperational downtime is carried out by the theory of queuing, simulation modeling is used to recreate technological processes at the marshalling yard. Results: As a result of the analysis of the average time spent by the car at the station, a model of the marshalling yard was built, taking into account the monthly irregularity of the flow of the processed flow. Practical importance: With the help of the obtained data, it is possible to improve the long-term planning of the work of the sortation system, to determine the optimal load of the station’s technical means. By changing the station’s constant parameters (the number of tracks) and variables (the number of maintenance crews, the number of shunting locomotives), it is possible to respond flexibly to the required development of the car traffic made by the station.

scholarly journals Organizational and pedagogical conditions for arranging educational practice in the process of vocational training of future managers

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
Mikhail Sergeevich Pasholikov
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Training ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
State Pedagogical ◽  
Internship Programs ◽  
The University

This article is dedicated to determination of organizational and pedagogical conditions for arranging educational practice in the process of vocational training of future managers in the university. The relevance of this topic is substantiated by dissatisfaction of the pedagogues, students and employers’ representatives with the results of educational practice. The author compares the international models of management education, and highlights the key differences in the Russian and foreign approaches towards arranging educational practice for the bachelors in management. The author describes the basic organizational and pedagogical conditions for improving the effectiveness of educational activity, implemented in Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia within the framework of the Bachelor’s Program in Management. The novelty of this research consists in the proposal of criteria and indicators for assessing the results of organization of educational practice from the perspective satisfaction of its subjects, as well in elucidation of the key mechanisms for improving the stages of training and conducting educational practice, such as individualization of the process of vocational training of future managers, establishment of long-term relations between the graduate departments and employers’ representatives, continuous improvement of the content and mechanisms of its organization. Practical importance of this work consists in the possibility of application of the selected organizational and pedagogical conditions for arranging educational practice in development and implementation by the institutions of higher education of the basic programs of vocational education for training future specialists; development of  the programs for educational, industrial and other types of practices; as well as creation of the corporate internship programs.

scholarly journals Features of the phenological phases of introduced strawberry cultivars in the conditions of the Orel region

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
M. I. Zubkova ◽  
S. D. Knyazev ◽  
I. E. Evtikhova
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars ◽  
Phenological Phases

Relevance. The study of the timing and duration of individual phases of the development of strawberry cultivars of different ecological and geographical origin in these climatic conditions is of great practical importance. The purpose of the study was the determination of the timing of the main phenophases of introduced strawberry cultivars in the Orel region, the compliance of the phenorhythms of the studied cultivars with climatic conditions, as well as the ranking of the cultivars by the terms of flowering and maturation.Methods and materials. The article presents the results of phenological observations for the period 2016-2019. 34 strawberry cultivars of domestic and foreign selection were studied. The research was carried out at the VNIISPK site of primary variety study.Results. Based on long - term observations, on the time of entry into the flowering and fruiting phase, the cultivars were ranked into early, medium and late-maturing. The influence of effective temperatures on the onset of phenophases was analyzed. The sum of effective temperatures necessary for the beginning of flowering of strawberry cultivars of different maturation periods in the conditions of the Orel region was determined. For the onset of strawberry flowering, it takes from126.68 to 260.37°effective temperatures. Early cultivars need the sum of effective temperatures of 126.68-197.55°, cultivars of middle maturation need 146.31-225.44°, late cultivars - 159.93-260.37 depending on the year of study. Fruiting occurs at the sum of effective temperatures in early cultivars from 351.73°C to 465.43°C, in middle-maturing cultivars from 390.96 to 535.44°C, in late-maturing cultivars from 450°C to 649°C.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE CONDITIONS FOR APPLYING THE TECHNOLOGY OF TARGET GRAVITY BRAKING OF UNCOUPLED CARS

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Ohar ◽  
Igor Berestov ◽  
Maksym Kutsenko ◽  
Tatiana Berestova ◽  
Victoria Rabin
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Special Profile ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Marshalling Yard ◽  
Technical Solutions

Improving the efficiency of the process of train uncoupling remains one of the mosturgent problems in railway transport. The priority areas for solving this problem today include thedevelopment and implementation of integrated automation systems for hump technologies, the use ofartificial intelligence in decision support systems and procedures for calculating the controlparameters of car retarders. These systems provide high accuracy in designing and implementingcontrol actions, taking into account indeterminacy and multiple random parameters.However, a number of factors that are quite difficult to take into account, predict, or formalize.Such factors include the technical condition of rail car retarders, their random brakingcharacteristics, constant changes in wind speed and direction, the condition of wheel pairs, theresponse rate of hump operators, and others. These factors can have significant impact on the qualityof the marshalling process, even on automated marshalling humps.To increase the efficiency of the train uncoupling technology, researchers have developed anumber of scientific approaches and technical solutions: approaches to control using the equipmentfor controlling the speed of rolling uncoupled cars in automated mode have been formed, new designsof car retarders have been developed and the existing ones were improved, optimizing methods forbraking modes of uncoupled cars, the longitudinal profile of marshalling humps and the design ofhump necks have been proposed. The introduction of target gravity braking technology for uncouples cars is one of the ways toimprove the efficiency of the marshalling process. This technology can be implemented provided thata special profile design of the marshalling device is used.To determine the conditions for applying the target gravity braking technology for uncoupledcars, simulation modeling of rolling of model cars in favorable and unfavorable meteorologicalconditions was carried out.The results of simulation modeling showed that the proposed technology can be definitely used,if the number of tracks in the marshalling yard is up to 32 and estimated wind speeds up to 6 m/s,when it provides an uncoupling rate of up to 1,8 m/s. If the marshalling yard has a larger number oftracks and/or in case of powerful winds, the technology can be applied if the uncoupling rate isreduced. In this case, the feasibility of using the technology should be verified with technical andeconomic calculations.

Preparation And elemental analysis of ancient fibers

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 410-411
Author(s):  
Allen Angel ◽  
Kathryn A. Jakes
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Electron Imaging

Fabrics recovered from archaeological sites often are so badly degraded that fiber identification based on physical morphology is difficult. Although diagenetic changes may be viewed as destructive to factors necessary for the discernment of fiber information, changes occurring during any stage of a fiber's lifetime leave a record within the fiber's chemical and physical structure. These alterations may offer valuable clues to understanding the conditions of the fiber's growth, fiber preparation and fabric processing technology and conditions of burial or long term storage (1).Energy dispersive spectrometry has been reported to be suitable for determination of mordant treatment on historic fibers (2,3) and has been used to characterize metal wrapping of combination yarns (4,5). In this study, a technique is developed which provides fractured cross sections of fibers for x-ray analysis and elemental mapping. In addition, backscattered electron imaging (BSI) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDS) are utilized to correlate elements to their distribution in fibers.

Determination of Myocardial FFA Elimination Rates by Functional Images of Uncorrected Half-Time Values

1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Lingen ◽  
G. Westera ◽  
M. van ◽  
W. Den Hollander ◽  
E. E. Van der Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Heptadecanoic Acid ◽  
Half Time ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Functional Images ◽  
Functional Image ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Objective Determination

SummaryThis paper presents an alternative method of demarcating regions of in terest over the myocardium after ad ministration of 123I-heptadecanoic acid to patients with coronary artery disea se. In a matrix of 32 × 32 pixels the elimination rates of the radioactivity, which are not corrected for back ground activity, are visualized per pixel in a functional image. The func tional image showed areas in the myocardium with high values of uncorrected elimination rates. These areas corresponded with the tracer defects on the scintigram. Corrected elimination rates obtained from re gions of interest of functional images were comparable with those of scinti grams. Thus based on functional im ages of uncorrected elimination rates a reliable, objective determination of regions of interest over normal and abnormal myocardium can be made.

Improvement Of Curvilinear Diagrams Of Concrete Deformation

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Deformation Diagrams

Problems when calculating reinforced concrete structures based on the concrete deformation under compression diagram, which is presented both in Russian and foreign regulatory documents on the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures are considered. The correctness of their compliance for all classes of concrete remains very approximate, especially a significant difference occurs when using Euronorm due to the different shape and sizes of the samples. At present, there are no methodical recommendations for determining the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under axial compression and the construction of curvilinear deformation diagrams, which leads to limited experimental data and, as a result, does not make it possible to enter more detailed ultimate strain values into domestic standards. The results of experimental studies to determine the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under compression for different classes of concrete, which allowed to make analytical dependences for the evaluation of the ultimate relative deformations and description of curvilinear deformation diagrams, are presented. The article discusses various options for using the deformation model to assess the stress-strain state of the structure, it is concluded that it is necessary to use not only the finite values of the ultimate deformations, but also their intermediate values. This requires reliable diagrams "s–e” for all classes of concrete. The difficulties of measuring deformations in concrete subjected to peak load, corresponding to the prismatic strength, as well as main cracks that appeared under conditions of long-term step loading are highlighted. Variants of more accurate measurements are proposed. Development and implementation of the new standard GOST "Concretes. Methods for determination of complete diagrams" on the basis of the developed method for obtaining complete diagrams of concrete deformation under compression for the evaluation of ultimate deformability of concrete under compression are necessary.

Efficacy of CO2 laser for the objective determination of caries

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus D. Benedetto ◽  
Donald E. Antonson ◽  
Lawrence M. Elson ◽  
Londa D. Reid-Sanders ◽  
Jacquelyn I. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Objective Determination
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