Investigation of Noise Pollution in an Educational Building – Case Study of Babylon University in Iraq

Acoustic conditions, considered an indicator of the level of comfort, are a major concern in educational facilities since they are linked to students’ well-being and learning capacity. In this study, measurements of the acoustical comfort conditions were performed using portable IEQ meter have been assessed in four selected areas of environmental engineering department building (The classroom for fourth year, student’s corridor, teacher’s corridor and reception area) in the University of Babylon in Hillah City. This was done by analyzing the data measured for 13 months from August (2020) to August (2021). Statistical analysis by using the linear regression test was performed to determine the relationship between the selected areas. Noise is the major parameter for the educational areas that can interfere with the students’ activities and eventually, this will have a detrimental effect on the students’ physical and psychological health. The acquired results were compared to the reference values specified in the handbook to international standards for noise compliance in academic educational facilities. The results show that all the studied areas in the Environmental Engineering Department had back-ground noise levels out of the recommended threshold limit values (>50 dB) revealed that the indoor environment of these areas was of poor quality, indicating the require for interventions. This study can be considered a pilot study for future comparable research on Iraqi universities.

TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL PRESENTATION OF COVID-19 INFECTION IN CHILDREN IN THE TOP OF PANDEMIC IN MINIA GOVERNORATE (TWO CENTER EXPERIENCE)

Back ground: A novel coronavirus which is identified as cause of pandemic situation inFebruary2020 and affecting adult and children with variable presentation and outcome. Objective: We studied the typical and atypical clinical and laboratory presentation of COVID-19 during the peak of the first wave in two main referral hospitals, upper Egypt El Minya governorate. Methods: Among 88 children with suspected cases tested for COVID-19, only 22 who proved to be positive. Studied patients were classified into 3 groups based on age. The first group 2–5years,the second for 5–10years and the third one included those aged more than 10 years. All patients met diagnostic guidelines established by Egyptian Ministry of health. Results: out of the positive 22 (25%) patients, 13(59.1%) of them were male, while 9 (40.9%) were females. All enrolled patients have a history of near contact exposure (100%). Thrombocytopenia was the highest presenting symptom in all enrolled patients18(81.8%), while other hematological findings were anemia in 11 (50%), thrombotic symptoms in 2(9.1%), pancytopenia in 2(9.1%) while bleeding was found in 1 patient (4.5%) .Fever 16 (72.7%) the common constitutional symptoms in COVID-19 were not reported in all enrolled patients (0%) while sore throat was reported in only 2 patients (9.1%).Respiratory presentation was only dominant in positive chest CT finding rather than clinical symptoms 17(72.3%) GIT symptom were the dominant presenting feature as vomiting was found in 15 (68.2%), diarrhea in 10 (45.5%), abdominal pain in 11 (50%), jaundice in 9 (40.9%) and dehydration in 6 (27.3%).Neurological symptoms were convulsions in 4(18.2%) while encephalopathy was 2(9.1%).Nephritis was the only renal presentation in the enrolled patients3 (13.6%).Cardiac presentations were only cyanosis 8 (36.4%) and arrhythmias 6 (27.3%) Conclusion: COVID-19 has many clinical classic presentation in children however other non-typical presentation like hematological. CNS and renal presentation has been reported.

Destiny in Nālaṭiyār and Tirukkuṟal – A Comparative Study

Influence of idea of destiny in Tamil society could be traced back to sangam period. It is regarded that eighteen lesser works (patiṇ̱eṇkḹḻkkaṇakkunūlkal) emerged in the post- sangam period in which Jainism and Buddhism had abundant influenced in life and literature of Tamils. This period is also conceived the period of righteousness (aṟaneṟikkālam) by scholars of Tamil Literature. Tirukkuṟal and Nālaṭiyār comes under the collection works known as patiṇ̱eṇkḹḻkkaṇakkunūlkal (didactic works) Even though the twosome works narrate moral maxims for humanity in universal manner, the concept of destiny occupies prominent place in the aforesaid works. Jainism and Buddhism lay more emphasis on human effort than destiny in the path of liberation and religious life proposed by the two isms is logically vehemently opposed to supremacy of destiny. Pañca mahā vratas of Jainism and eightfold path of Buddhism challenge command of destiny. Ajivikas’ contribution to very concept of destiny cannot be completely ruled out from the sangam period of early Tamils and it can be found that destiny plays a pivotal role in Hindu epics and purāṇas and there is no contradiction between God’s will and destiny in a vaiṣṇava tradition. On the contrary, pure devotion and self-surrender are the unconquerable weapons to conquer destiny in Saivā tradition. This study analyses destiny in Tirukkuṟal and Nālaṭiyār in the wider and complex social, historical and philosophical back ground of Tamil Nadu.

The appearance of agency theory in the publications of Polish authors – the need to expand research in behavioral accounting

Purpose: The aim of the article is to assess the use of agency theory by Polish authors in articles in the field of accounting published by the end of 2020. Methodology/approach: The study was carried out using a structured literature review, which is a recognized method of conducting literature analysis, also in the field of accounting. Findings: The results of the review show little use of agency relations in empirical re-search. Both in theoretical and empirical research, the issues in financial reporting were most often addressed. In most publications, agency theory constitutes the theoretical back-ground for the considerations, while there is a lack of research that focuses on the impact of the agency relationship between the owner and manager or between employees at vari-ous levels on accounting. The empirical studies analyzed only external factors that influ-ence decision-making, while there is a gap in studies that focused on individual human characteristics. Research limitations/implications: The structured literature review covers articles pub-lished between 1993 and 2020 written by Polish authors. Originality/value: The originality of the article arises from the identification of shortcom-ings in the publications of Polish authors in contrast to global achievements, in particular in the fields of management accounting and behavioral accounting. Thus, we indicate the directions of further development of research already carried out by the few Polish authors. The guidelines concern the development of research in the field of behavioral accounting, which will deepen the knowledge about the impact of the principal-agent relationship on the decisions people make in creating reporting and management information. Keywords: agency theory, agency relation, behavioral accounting, SLR, literature review.

Visualization of Hidden Structure and Shape in Ct Image via Non-Linear Perspective Foreground and Back Ground Projection

The neurologist analyse the brain images to diagnose the disease via structure and shape of the part in the scanned Medical images such as CT, MRI, and PET.The Medical image segmentation perform less in the regions where no or little contrast,artefacts over the different boundary regions. The manual process of segmentation show poor boundary differentiation dueto discernibility in shape and location, intra and inter observer reliability. In this paper, we propose a dyadic Cat optimization (DCO) algorithm to segment the regions in the brain from CT and MRI image via Non- linear perspective Foreground and Back Ground projection. The DCO algorithm remove the artefacts in the boundary regions and provide the exact structure and shape of the brain regions. The DCO algorithm show the region boundary such as plerygomaxillary fissure, occipital lobe, vaginal process zygomatic arch, maxilla and piriform aperture with high visibility in the regions of inadequately visible boundary and distinguish the deformable shape. The DCO algorithm show the increased SSIM and 90 percent accuracy.

THE FIRST POLISH ANTITANK GUIDED MISSILE

Poland could have been one of pioneering countries in the domain of antitank guided missiles. Theoretical calculations had been completed, the first trials on the range were quite promising for continuation of the work. The direction of testing was developed, and the further stages of calculations and range tests were clearly defined. But the Artillery Central Testing Range in Zielonka was not prepared to continue the work alone. It did not have a suitable technical back-ground, and it wasn’t any production plant to prepare a relevant lot of missiles for testing. The Ministry of National Defence decided that the work would be continued by the ci-vilian Institute of Aviation in Warsaw which was ready to take the part of the leading agency. Despite many obstacles at the first trials a lot of work was made. At that moment the Soviet allies intervened to offer the ready antitank guided missile in October, 1961. Then the profile of the work had to be changed a bit, and finally the ambitious project had failed.

Frequency of plantar fasciitis due to improper shoes among different universities students

Back ground: study was conducted to determine the frequency of plantar fasciitis among three different universities students due to improper shoes. It was cross-sectional study. Plantar fasciitis is the inflammation of plantar fascia; plantar fascia is a thick connective tissue that forms the medial arch of foot. Improper shoes cause constant pressure and irritation on plantar fascia that leads to inflammation. When someone wears improper shoes, pronation activity of the foot decreased and it can lead to plantar fasciitis. Objective: The objective of study was to determine the frequency of plantar fasciitis due to improper shoes among three different universities students. Material and Methods: Study was cross-sectional and the data was collected from university students. Data was collected by using questionnaire and by applying statistical procedures results were concluded. Results: There were the following results in this study as, 35.5% participants without pain, 45% with mild pain, 16% with moderate pain and 3.6% with severe pain. There were 84% participants with single etiology, 13% participants with multiple etiology and 3% participants with nerve entrapment. There were 31 participants with no pain, 49 participants with mild pain, 11 participants with moderate pain and 2 participants with severe pain between ages 20-25 years. And between ages 26-30 there were 29 participants with no pain, 27 with mild pain, 16 with moderate pain and 4 participants with severe pain. Conclusion: Study concluded that 55.6% participants were between ages of 20-25 years. 54.4% participants were females, 59.2% participants were with no pain, 84% participants were with single etiology that is plantar fasciopathy. There were mostly participants suffered with mild pain and only 3.6% participants showed response with severe pain. There were mostly participants suffered with single etiology and the number of affected participants with plantar fasciitis slightly increased with age.

Fully Metallic Reflectarray for the Ku-Band Based on a 3D Architecture

This document presents the design and manufacture of a reflectarray (RA) antenna for the Ku-band that is based on a fully-metallic 3D architecture. The reflectarray unit cell is formed by a square-shaped waveguide section ending in a short circuit, which is the reflectarray back ground plane. Each cell has the ability of configuring the phase of its own reflected field by means of resonators perforated on the walls of the cell waveguide section. The resonator-based waveguide cell introduces the 3D character to the design. The geometry of the resonators and the size variation introduces the phase behavior of each cell, thus, conforming the radiation pattern of the reflectarray. This design explores the potential of phase value truncation (six states and two states) and demonstrates that proper pattern results can be obtained with this phase truncation.

Detection of Gamma Ray Emission from the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy

The Fermi Bubbles are giant, γ-ray emitting lobes emanating from the nucleus of the Milky Way [1, 2] discovered in ∼1-100 GeV data collected by the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope [3]. Previous work [4] has revealed substructure within the Fermi Bubbles that has been interpreted as a signature of collimated outflows from the Galaxy’s super-massive black hole. Here we show that much of the γ-ray emission associated to the brightest region of substructure – the so-called cocoon – is actually due to the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal (Sgr dSph) galaxy. This large Milky Way satellite is viewed through the Fermi Bubbles from the position of the Solar System. As a tidally and ram-pressure stripped remnant, the Sgr dSph has no on-going star formation, but we demonstrate that its γ-ray signal is naturally explained by inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave back-ground photons by high-energy electron-positron pairs injected by the dwarf’s millisecond pulsar (MSP) population, combined with these objects’ magnetospheric emission. This finding suggests that MSPs likely produce significant γ-ray emission amongst old stellar populations, potentially confounding indirect dark matter searches in regions such as the Galactic Centre, the Andromeda galaxy, and other massive Milky Way dwarf spheroidals.

Fully Metallic Reflectarray for the Ku-band Based on a 3D Architecture

This document presents the design and manufacture of a reflectarray (RA) antenna for the Ku-band, based on a fully-metallic 3D architecture. The reflectarray unit cell is formed by a square-shaped waveguide section ended in a short circuit, that is the reflectarray back ground plane. Each cell has the ability of configuring the phase of its own reflected field by means of resonators perforated on the walls of the cell waveguide section. The resonator-based waveguide cell introduces the 3D character to the design. The geometry of the resonators and its size variation introduces the phase behaviour of each cell, conforming the radiation pattern of the reflectarray. This design explores the potential of phase value truncation (6 states and 2 states), and demonstrates that proper pattern results can be obtained with this phase truncation.