A Study of Brain-fingerprint Technique using Word-picture Mixed Complex Stimulus

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Hyuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Complex Stimulus ◽  
Mixed Complex

scholarly journals Perception of Aqueous Ethanol Binary Mixtures Containing Alcohol-Relevant Taste and Chemesthetic Stimuli

Beverages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Margaret Thibodeau ◽  
Gary Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Complex Stimulus ◽  
Aluminium Sulphate ◽  
Binary Solutions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thermal Taste

Ethanol is a complex stimulus that elicits multiple gustatory and chemesthetic sensations. Alcoholic beverages also contain other tastants that impact flavour. Here, we sought to characterize the binary interactions between ethanol and four stimuli representing the dominant orosensations elicited in alcoholic beverages: fructose (sweet), quinine (bitter), tartaric acid (sour) and aluminium sulphate (astringent). Female participants were screened for thermal taste status to determine whether the heightened orosensory responsiveness of thermal tasters (n = 21–22) compared to thermal non-tasters (n = 13–15) extends to these binary mixtures. Participants rated the intensity of five orosensations in binary solutions of ethanol (5%, 13%, 23%) and a tastant (low, medium, high). For each tastant, 3-way ANOVAs determined which factors impacted orosensory ratings. Burning/tingling increased as ethanol concentration increased in all four binary mixture types and was not impacted by the concentration of other stimuli. In contrast, bitterness increased with ethanol concentration, and decreased with increasing fructose concentration. Sourness tended to be reduced as ethanol concentration increased, although astringency intensity decreased with increasing concentration of fructose. Overall, thermal tasters tended to be more responsive than thermal non-tasters. These results provide insights into how the taste and chemesthetic profiles of alcoholic beverages across a wide range of ethanol concentrations can be manipulated by changing their composition.

Reaction of metallic nitrilotriacetates with histamine

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1269-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Beauchamp ◽  
J. Israeli ◽  
H. Saulnier
Keyword(s):  
Potentiometric Titration ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Mixed Complex ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Titration Curves ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Complex Ion

Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Zn(II) nitrilotriacetates (MeX−) react with histamine nitrate (LH+) to form a protonated mixed complex MeXLH where the metal appears to be bound only to the tertiary imidazolic nitrogen of histaminium ion. At higher pH values the proton dissociates to yield a mixed complex ion MeXL− in which both the imidazolic nitrogen and the terminal amino group are coordinated. The formation constants of these species were calculated from the potentiometric titration curves.

First Eu(II)/Ln(III) Mixed Complex with High Oxidative Stability

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 5288-5292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqin Wei ◽  
Gaoji Wang ◽  
Kechen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Mixed Complex

Auditory Temporal Order Perception in Younger and Older Adults

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1052-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Fitzgibbons ◽  
Sandra Gordon-Salant
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Complex Stimulus ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Relative Pitch ◽  
Single Sequence

This investigation examined the abilities of younger and older listeners to discriminate and identify temporal order of sounds presented in tonal sequences. It was hypothesized that older listeners would exhibit greater difficulty than younger listeners on both temporal processing tasks, particularly for complex stimulus patterns. It was also anticipated that tone order discrimination would be easier than tone order identification for all listeners. Listeners were younger and older adults with either normal hearing or mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing losses. Stimuli were temporally contiguous three-tone sequences within a 1/3 octave frequency range centered at 4000 Hz. For the discrimination task, listeners discerned differences between standard and comparison stimulus sequences that varied in tonal temporal order. For the identification task, listeners identified tone order of a single sequence using labels of relative pitch. Older listeners performed more poorly than younger listeners on the discrimination task for the more complex pitch patterns and on the identification task for faster stimulus presentation rates. The results also showed that order discrimination is easier than order identification for all listeners. The effects of hearing loss on the ordering tasks were minimal.

Molecular design to mimic the copper(II) transport site of human albumin: studies of equilibria between copper(II) and glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide and comparison with human albumin

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1300-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo P. A. Kruck ◽  
Show-Jy Lau ◽  
Bibudhendra Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Equilibrium Dialysis ◽  
Human Albumin ◽  
Binary Complex ◽  
Mixed Complex ◽  
Free Peptide ◽  
System L ◽  
Peptide Derivative ◽  
Carboxyl Terminal ◽  
Transport Site

In continuing the investigation of designing the specific Cu(II)-transport site of human serum albumin, the peptide derivative glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide was designed to approximate more closely to the native protein. This peptide derivative was synthesized in good yield. The equilibria involved in the binary system, Cu(II)–glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide, have been studied, as well as those in the ternary system, L-histidine–Cu(II)–glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide. This peptide derivative was found to bind Cu(II) exclusively as a 1:1 complex in the pH range 4 to 11, having the same ligand atoms as those for the carboxyl-terminal free peptide and human albumin. However, it was found that glycylglycyl-L-histidine-N-methyl amide bound Cu(II) more strongly than did glycylglycyl-L-histidine, the stability constants being log β1–21 = −0.479 and −1.99 respectively. In the ternary system, only 10% of the mixed complex was detected at pH 7, in comparison to 80% found in the case of the carboxyl-terminal free peptide. This finding agrees well with the increased stability of this peptide binary complex. These observations are also consistent with the results obtained from the equilibrium dialysis experiments. The Cu(II) – peptide amide complex has a dissociation constant of 2.07 × 10−17, indicating a higher binding strength of this peptide derivative for Cu(II) over the native albumin by a factor of 3.

scholarly journals Materials of the early Neolithic of the Yarlukovskaya Protoka site (point 222) on the Upper Don

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-229
Author(s):  
Roman Viktorovich Smolyaninov ◽  
Aleksey Aleksandrovich Kulichkov ◽  
Elizaveta Sergeevna Yurkina
Keyword(s):  
Silty Clay ◽  
Mixed Complex ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Stone Artifacts ◽  
Left Tributary ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Neolithic Cultures

This paper analyzes materials located in the floodplain of the Matyra River (left tributary of the Voronezh River) of the Yarlukovskaya Protoka (point 222) in the Gryazinsky District of the Lipetsk Region. It was investigated in 1963, 1964, 1967 and 1968 by Vsevolod Levenok. The materials of three early Neolithic cultures of VI Millennium BC were revealed here. The materials of the Yelshanskaya culture are represented by corollas and bottoms of 12 vessels. Almost all dishes, except one bottom and several walls, have no ornament, with the exception of one or two rows of conical pit. All ceramics are well smoothed. Ceramics were made from silty clay. The location of materials in the cultural layer confirms the earlier occurrence of the Yelshanskaya culture ceramics. The ceramics of the Karamyshevo culture is represented by fragments from three vessels. The dishes are predominantly decorated with small oval pricks composed in horizontal and vertical rows. Ceramics were made from silty clay. Ceramics of the Srednedonskaya culture are represented by corollas and rounded bottoms of 15 vessels. It is decorated with triangular prick or small comb prints. Ceramics were made from silty clay. At Yarlukovskaya Protoka site 304 stone artifacts were discovered, mainly of flint. This industry could be described as flake-blade technique. The monument is a mixed complex - stratigraphic and planigraphic readable observations of stone inventory location could not be done.

scholarly journals Variance: A Possible Coding Mechanism for Gustatory Sensilla on the Labellum of the Fleshfly Sarcophaga Bullata

1990 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
B. K. MITCHELL ◽  
J. J.B. SMITH ◽  
P. J. ALBERT ◽  
A. T. WHITEHEAD
Keyword(s):  
Complex Stimulus ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Sarcophaga Bullata ◽  
Medium Length ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
Taste Sensilla ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Behavioural Tests ◽  
Gustatory Sensilla

In behavioural tests, 2-day-old female Sarcophaga bullata consumed more liver or fish powder in solution than 100 mmol l−1 sucrose. We investigated the chemosensory basis of this discrimination by recording electrophysiological responses of 177 medium-length labellar taste sensilla from 10 different flies to two applications of each of these three solutions. Responses from three chemosensory cells were evident in most records. Cell 1 produced a mean response of 37.6 impulses s−1, and similar responses to all three stimuli. It was the most active of the three cells. Cell 2 produced a significantly greater response to fish than to liver or sucrose in one of the two stimulus applications. Cell 3, the least active, responded with twice the firing rate to fish than to liver or sucrose. However, the mean firing rates did not provide information that could account for the observed behavioural discrimination. The only difference in the electrophysiological responses to the three stimuli which correlated with the behavioural discrimination was the variance of the response of cell 1, which was much higher to sucrose than to either fish or liver. We propose that variance itself could provide the necessary information to allow the fly's nervous system to distinguish between a ‘simple’ stimulus such as sucrose and a ‘complex’ stimulus such as fish or liver.

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