scholarly journals Trace-element imaging at macroscopic scale in a Belgian sphalerite-galena ore using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc BAELE ◽  
Hassan BOUZAHZAH ◽  
Séverine PAPIER ◽  
Sophie DECRÉE ◽  
Sophie VERHEYDEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Trace Element Composition ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Macroscopic Scale ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Growth Zones

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is a fast in-situ analytical technique based on spectroscopic analysis of atomic emission in laser-induced plasmas. Geochemical mapping at macroscopic scale using LIBS was applied to a decimetric Zn-Pb ore sample from east Belgium, which consists of alternating sphalerite and galena bands. A range of elements was detected with no or minimal spectral correction, including elements of interest for beneficiation such as Ge, Ag and Ga (although the detection of gallium could not be confirmed), and remediation, especially As and Tl. The comparison between LIBS and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses showed that LIBS intensities reliably relate to elemental concentration although differences in spot size and detection limits exist between both techniques. The elemental images of minor and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Ag, Cd, Sb, As, Tl, Ge, Ni and Ba) obtained with LIBS revealed with great detail the compositional heterogeneity of the ore, including growth zones that were not visible on the specimen. In addition, each mineral generation has a distinct trace-element composition, reflecting a geochemical sequence whose potential metallogenic significance at the district scale should be addressed in further work. Although qualitative and preliminary, the obtained LIBS dataset already produced a wealth of information that allowed to initiate discussion on some genetical and crystallochemical aspects. Above all, LIBS appears as a powerful tool for screening geochemically large samples for the selection of zones of particular interest for further analysis.

Characterization of Amethysts from Sukamara, Central Kalimantan, Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Komang Gde Suastika, Heri Suyanto, Gunarjo, Sadiana, Darmaji
Keyword(s):  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Formula ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Abstract - Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is one method of atomic emission spectroscopy using laser ablation as an energy source. This method is used to characterize the type of amethysts that originally come from Sukamara, Central Kalimantan. The result of amethyst characterization can be used as a reference for claiming the natural wealth of the amethyst. The amethyst samples are directly taken from the amethyst mining field in the District Gem Amethyst and consist of four color variations: white, black, yellow, and purple. These samples were analyzed by LIBS, using laser energy of 120 mJ, delay time detection of 2 μs and accumulation of 3, with and without cleaning. The purpose of this study is to determine emission spectra characteristics, contained elements, and physical characteristics of each amethyst sample. The spectra show that the amethyst samples contain some elements such as Al, Ca, K, Fe, Gd, Ba, Si, Be, H, O, N, Cl and Pu with various emission intensities. The value of emission intensity corresponds to concentration of element in the sample. Hence, the characteristics of the amethysts are based on their concentration value. The element with the highest concentration in all samples is Si, which is related to the chemical formula of SiO2. The element with the lowest concentration in all samples is Ca that is found in black and yellow amethysts. The emission intensity of Fe element can distinguish between white, purple, and yellow amethyst. If Fe emission intensity is very low, it indicates yellow sample. Thus, we may conclude that LIBS is a method that can be used to characterize the amethyst samples.Key words: amethyst, impurity, laser-induced, breakdown spectroscopy, characteristic, gemstones

scholarly journals Analysis of Garnet by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy—Two Practical Applications

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 705
Author(s):  
Peter A. Defnet ◽  
Michael A. Wise ◽  
Russell S. Harmon ◽  
Richard R. Hark ◽  
Keith Hilferding
Keyword(s):  
Optical Emission ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Chemical Complexity ◽  
Geochemical Fingerprinting ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a simple and straightforward technique of atomic emission spectroscopy that can provide multi-element detection and quantification in any material, in-situ and in real time because all elements emit in the 200–900 nm spectral range of the LIBS optical emission. This study evaluated two practical applications of LIBS—validation of labels assigned to garnets in museum collections and discrimination of LCT (lithium-cesium-tantalum) and NYF (niobium, yttrium and fluorine) pegmatites based on garnet geochemical fingerprinting, both of which could be implemented on site in a museum or field setting with a handheld LIBS analyzer. Major element compositions were determined using electron microprobe analysis for a suite of 208 garnets from 24 countries to determine garnet type. Both commercial laboratory and handheld analyzers were then used to acquire LIBS broadband spectra that were chemometrically processed by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) and linear support vector machine classification (SVM). High attribution success rates (>98%) were obtained using PLSDA and SVM for the handheld data suggesting that LIBS could be used in a museum setting to assign garnet type quickly and accurately. LIBS also identifies changes in garnet composition associated with increasing mineral and chemical complexity of LCT and NYF pegmatites.

Time-resolved measurement of atomic emission enhancement by fs–ns dual-pulsed laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2271-2274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li-Xin ◽  
Zhang Yong-Sheng ◽  
Zheng Guo-Xin ◽  
Liu Jing-Ru ◽  
Cheng Jian-Ping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Emission Enhancement ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Semi-Quantitative Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Analysis of Mineral Drill Core

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bolger
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Drill Core ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

An investigation is reported in the use of time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for mineral assaying applications. LIBS has potential for the rapid on-line determination of the major and minor constituents of mineral drill core samples. In this work a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is used to test as-received lengths of drill core, with remote LIBS signal acquisition via a bare optical fiber bundle coupled to a spectrometer. A novel normalization scheme, based on integrating the total plasma emission, is demonstrated as a method for correction of signal variations due to the uneven surface geometry of rock. Averaged intensities of atomic emission for the elements Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni show good linear correlations, with coefficients of R2 = 0.92–0.99, against laboratory assay values. Limitations in the comparison of the results of surface analysis to bulk compositions are discussed, with emphasis on mining applications of LIBS.

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