scholarly journals Pneumonia and the role of dentistry on ICU Staff

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. e200436
Author(s):  
Tácio Pinheiro Bezerra ◽  
Clarissa Sales de Paula Campêlo ◽  
Francisco Artur Forte Oliveira ◽  
Clarissa Pessoa Fernandes Forte ◽  
Aghata Kelma Palácio Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Dental Staff ◽  
Multidisciplinary Staff ◽  
Infection Density ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dental Professionals

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one ofthe most prevalent healthcare-associated infections (HAI) andcauses of death in intensive care units (ICUs), and studies haveshown its relation to oral health. Aim: To report the impact ofthe incorporation of dental professionals into multidisciplinaryICU staff on the incidence of VAP. Methods: A retrospectiveobservational study was carried out to collect and analyzehealth indicators of patients in the ICUs from 2011 to 2018 andto differentiate these indicators between the periods beforeand after the participation of dental staff in the ICU. This studywas approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results:The average number of monthly ICU admissions was 105.89 ±169.72, and the discharge was 105.21 ± 168.96, with a monthlyaverage number of deaths within 24 h of 38.61 ± 62.27. Theaverage number of monthly HAI-related deaths decreasedfrom 2011 to 2018, followed by a reduction in cases of HAIper month. The average monthly number of HAIs relatedto mechanical ventilation (MV) decreased, and the samewas observed for the infection density of HAIs related to MV(p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, there was a significantdecrease in the number of HAIs related to MV (p = 0.005).Conclusion: Although a reduction in the number of admissionsor complexity of cases was not observed in the study period,multidisciplinary staff practices were essential for controllingHAIs and the presence of dental professionals can assist in thecontrol of HAIs related to MV.

scholarly journals Impact of Healthcare-Associated Infections Connected to Medical Devices—An Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2332
Author(s):  
Nitin Chandra Teja Dadi ◽  
Barbora Radochová ◽  
Jarmila Vargová ◽  
Helena Bujdáková
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Bundles ◽  
Planktonic Form ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are caused by nosocomial pathogens. HAIs have an immense impact not only on developing countries but also on highly developed parts of world. They are predominantly device-associated infections that are caused by the planktonic form of microorganisms as well as those organized in biofilms. This review elucidates the impact of HAIs, focusing on device-associated infections such as central line-associated bloodstream infection including catheter infection, catheter-associated urinary tract infection, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and surgical site infections. The most relevant microorganisms are mentioned in terms of their frequency of infection on medical devices. Standard care bundles, conventional therapy, and novel approaches against device-associated infections are briefly mentioned as well. This review concisely summarizes relevant and up-to-date information on HAIs and HAI-associated microorganisms and also provides a description of several useful approaches for tackling HAIs.

Analysis of the role of copper impregnated composite hard surfaces, bed linens and patient gowns in reducing healthcare-associated infection rates

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene H Burke ◽  
Jacqueline P Butler
Keyword(s):  
Infection Risk ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of copper-impregnated composite hard surfaces, bed linens and patient gowns on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). We took in account potentially confounding factors of new construction and Det Norse Veritas Managing Infection Risk (DNV MIR) certification to mitigate risk of HAIs, multi drug resistant organisms (MDRO) and Clostridium difficile HAIs. The study was conducted in the acute care units from three hospitals within a regional healthcare system and these were assessed retrospectively. Facility 1 and Facility 2 shared the circumstance of new construction. Facility 1 and Facility 3 shared the processes of DNV-MIR. Only Facility 1 undertook the intervention of copper-impregnated hard surfaces, bed linens and patient gowns. We compared infection rates (IR) following their normalization per 10,000 patient hospitalization days before and after complete implementation of copper-impregnated composite hard surfaces, bed linens and patient gowns. Facility 1 had a 28% reduction in total C. difficile and MDRO IR, while Facilities 2 and 3 had 103% and 48% increases in total IR respectively. Although the rate changes per facility were not statistically significantly changed from baseline (p>0.05), there was consistent divergence between the IR at the copper enabled facility and the others. As this divergence occurred when other pertinent factors were constant between them, including new construction and new processes for mitigation of infection risks, these outcomes support the contention that copper-impregnated linens and composite hard surfaces were shown to reduce HAI rates.

Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
O.M. Verner ◽  
L.F. Slepova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Major Clinical Problem

Species of the Acinetobacter represent opportunistic bacteria with a growing clinical significance for Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). In this literature review, we focus on the current role of Acinetobacter in infectious pathology and describe taxonomy, pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance of these bacteria. Pathogenesis and regulation of virulence factors in Acinetobacter spp. are described in detail. The majority of acinetobacterial infections are associated with A. baumannii and occur predominantly in an immunocompromised host. Usually, acinetobacterial  infections  are characterized by local purulent inflammation; in severe cases, meningitis and sepsis may develop. Antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter is a major clinical problem; therefore we give special attention to laboratory testing of resistance to antibiotics as well as identification of Acinetobacter.

scholarly journals Enhancing Patient Safety by Reducing Healthcare-Associated Infections: The Role of Discovery and Dissemination

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Position Paper ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Science Base ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
National Approach

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) take a major human toll on society and reduce public confidence in the healthcare system. The current convergence of scientific, public, and legislative interest in reducing rates of HAI can provide the necessary momentum to address and answer important questions in HAI research. This position paper outlines priorities for a national approach to HAIs: scrutinizing the science base, developing a prioritized research agenda, conducting studies that address the questions that have been identified, creating and deploying guidelines that are based on the outcomes of these studies, and then initiating new studies that assess the efficacy of the interventions.

Role of active epidemiological surveillance in the detection of healthcare-associated infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 3_2019 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Yarovoy S.K. Yarovoy ◽  
Voskanian Sh.L. Voskanian ◽  
Tutelyan А.V. Tutelyan ◽  
Gladkova L.S. Gladkova L ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

scholarly journals The financial impact of improved hand hygiene on healthcare-associated infections in the UK

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Katie-Rose Cawthorne Cawthorne ◽  
Jason Dean ◽  
Richard PD Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Financial Assessment ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

Background: Though high hand hygiene (HH) levels significantly reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), the current cost of HCAIs and the impact of optimal HH practices on HCAIs are poorly defined. The last NHS England financial assessment was in 2009. Methods: The number of HCAIs per bed per year for NHS England were calculated and average costs were attributed using data from three sources; National Audit Office report, a commercially available calculator, and a financial analysis by a specialist paediatric hospital in England. Improved HH compliance for NHS England was based on a sustained rise in compliance rates from 50 to 80% combined with an HCAI reduction of at least 20%. The cost savings based on such improvements were then calculated. Results: In 2020, it is estimated that the number of HCAIs per bed per year ranges from 3.0 to 9.3, with a midpoint of 5.1. The direct costs of HCAI to NHS England were found to lie between £1.6 and £5 billion. Based on a 20% reduction in HCAI rates, this could lead to cost savings of between £322 million and £1 billion per year. Conclusion: Current direct costs of HCAIs consume approximately 1.3% to 4.1% of NHS England’s annual budget. Improving HH compliance among healthcare workers can lead to significant cost savings. There appears to be a strong financial argument for investment into innovative HH compliance technologies that have been historically perceived as too expensive.

Using social media to disseminate research in infection prevention, hospital epidemiology, and antimicrobial stewardship

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1262-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Cawcutt ◽  
Jasmine R. Marcelin ◽  
Julie K. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Hospital Epidemiology ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSocial media, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) each impact every area of medicine. Independently, each have power to change medicine, however, synergistically, the impact could be transformative. Given the profound clinical, financial, and public health impact of infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship combined with the incomplete uptake of best practices, multimodal strategies employing social media are critical to increase the speed and reach of research. This review discusses the strategic utilization of online communication platforms to increase the dissemination of critical publications.

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