scholarly journals CLINICAL AND SOCIAL RISK FACTORS OF TARDIVE DYSKINESIA IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA DURING ANTIPSYCHOTIC TREATMENT

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Ye. G. Kornetova ◽  
A. V. Semke ◽  
Ye. G. Dmitrieva ◽  
Yu. N. Borodyuk ◽  
A. S. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Involuntary Movement ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy

The purpose of the present work was to study the clinical features and risk factors of tardive dyskinesia among     the     schizophrenia     patients     who     durably     receive     the     antipsychotic     therapy. 180 of the 18 to 65 age bracket schizophrenia patients, who were treated in a residential psychiatric treatment facility, were examined with the use of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), and the basic chart of formalized sociodemographic and clinico-dynamic features developed at the Tomsk Mental Health Research Institute. The acquired data were processed by the Mann–Whitney U-Test and χ2. The average age of the tardive dyskinesia patients  turned out to be conclusively older than that of the patients without this derangement. People who have tardive dyskinesia statistically often happen to be single in comparison with other variants of marital status. It was found out that women happen to have tardive dyskinesia more often, which allows us to see the female gender as a risk factor. The tardive dyskinesia patients had certain negative symptoms. The patients were arranged into groups according to the prepotency of symptom-complexes over the subgroups: with orofacial, thoracolumbar and combined tardive dyskinesia. The average age of the orofacial dyskinesia patients turned out to be conclusively older than that of the patients without tardive dyskinesia. The negative symptoms level in the subgroup was conclusively higher than among those without tardive dyskinesia. The average age of the thoracolumbar dyskinesia patients was conclusively older than that of the patients without tardive dyskinesia. The average age of the combined dyskinesia patients was conclusively older than the patients without the tardive dyskinesia. The patients having schizophrenia for longer than 10 years prevailed in the combined dyskinesia group. Such characteristics as education level and social status, age of when the medical problem started, dominance of the positive symptoms, duration of antipsychotic agents administration, somatic condition, use of psychoactive substances, suicidal and hetero-aggressive behaviors make no contribution to the risk of tardive dyskinesia development in the presence of schizophrenia, and they are not protective factors either.

Disadvantaged Adolescents in Psychiatric Treatment

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Almqvist
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Biological Parents ◽  
Death Of A Parent ◽  
Prospective Epidemiological Study

In a prospective epidemiological study, a cohort of all children born in 1955 in Helsinki have so far been surveyed into their youth. On the basis of the present seven-year follow-up in adolescence, it was observed that the cumulative incidence of public psychiatric treatment is 9.1%. Marital status of the biological parents deviating from normal or the death of a parent as well as a low social status of the father are factors connected with an elevated risk of required psychiatric treatment during youth. The combined effects of such social risk factors are additive. The risk of necessary treatment was observed to be three times greater in young people who exhibited both risk factors during childhood. The results of the study indicate how preventive measures might be directed. At the same time, the need for more detailed studies in the future to allow preventive measures to be directed more accurately than hitherto, at children and families requiring them, is emphasized.

Antipsychotic-induced supersensitivity – A reappraisal

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110256
Author(s):  
William Lugg
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Neurotransmitter Systems ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Treatment Refractory ◽  
Brain Pathways

Objectives: Tardive dyskinesia, psychotic relapse and treatment-refractory psychosis have long been associated. A common underlying mechanism involving antipsychotic-induced ‘supersensitivity’, albeit in different brain pathways, was proposed as early as 1978. This piece seeks to reappraise the concept and potential implications of antipsychotic-induced supersensitivity. Conclusions: Evidence increasingly suggests that chronic antipsychotic exposure induces neuroadaptive physiological changes in dopaminergic, and other, neurotransmitter systems that may render some individuals more vulnerable to psychotic relapse - including those receiving continuous antipsychotic treatment. It is possible that in treating every episode of psychosis with prolonged or indefinite antipsychotic therapy, we paradoxically increase the risk of psychotic relapse in a significant proportion of people. A greater appreciation of supersensitivity may allow us to optimise any potential benefits of antipsychotics while minimising the risk of inadvertent iatrogenic harms. More research is needed to improve our understanding of the underlying neurophysiology of supersensitivity and to better identify which individuals are most vulnerable to its development. It is time we paid more attention to the concept, emerging evidence and potential implications of antipsychotic-induced supersensitivity and, where appropriate, adjusted our practice accordingly.

An Approach to Selecting Single or Multiple Social Risk Factors for Clinic-Based Screening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Steiner ◽  
Glenn K. Goodrich ◽  
Kelly R. Moore ◽  
Spero M. Manson ◽  
Laura M. Gottlieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors

СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ НАРКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РАССТРОЙСТВ В КУРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И СОПРЕДЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ В 2014-2019 ГОДАХ

Innova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Владимир Игоревич Тимошилов ◽  
◽  
Альберт Генрихович Ластовецкий
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Lower Incidence Rate ◽  
Kursk Region ◽  
Active Substances

Period 2014-2019 characterized by a certain increase in social instability in Russia, which led to an increase of social risk factors for drug addiction. In the Kursk region, at the same time, there have been changes in the regulation of anti-drug prevention, a large number of specialists have been trained, and a movement of competent volunteers has developed. In this regard, the epidemiological data for 2014-2019 are of particular interest. For the period from 2005 to 2019 the primary incidence of alcohol use disorders in Russia decreased from 147.4 to 48.3, in the Kursk region – from 106 to 53.5 cases per 100 000 population per year. Of the adjacent regions in 2019, a lower incidence rate than in the Kursk region was noted only in the Belgorod region – 39.4 cases per 100,000 population. Primary incidence of disorders associated with the use of narcotic active substances, during 2014-2019 in Russia as a whole decreased from 15 to 9.8, in the Kursk region – from 11.3 to 4 new cases per 100 000 inhabitants per year. In 2019, the detection rate of primary incidence of drug addiction and substance abuse was significantly higher than in the Kursk region in Bryansk and Lipetsk. Despite favorable trends, it was noted that the coronavirus pandemic and the restrictions introduced to combat it can have a significant impact on the risk factors for drug addiction, which requires the adaptation of preventive programs to new conditions.

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