Survey of Collar Rot, Stem Rot and Dry Root Rot Disease Incidence of Groundnut in Parts of Karnataka, India

The effects of biochar on plant growth vary depending on the applied biochar type, study site environmental conditions, microbial species, and plant–microbial interactions. The objectives of the present study were therefore to assess 1) the response of growth parameters of lupin and root disease incidence to the application of three biochar types in a loamy sandy soil, and 2) the role of endophytic bacteria in biological control of root rot disease incidence in lupin after the amendment of soil with different biochar types. As biochar types we tested (i) hydrochar (HTC) from maize silage, (ii) pyrolysis char from maize (MBC), and (iii) pyrolysis char from wood (WBC) at three different concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3% of char as soil amendments). There were no significant effects in lupin shoot and root growth in soils amended with WBC at any of the concentrations. MBC did not affect plant growth except for root dry weight at 2% MBC. HTC char at 2% concentration, significantly increased the root dry weight of lupin by 54–75%, and shoot dry weight by 21–25%. Lupin plants grown in soil amended with 2% and 3% WBC and MBC chars showed 40–50% and 10–20% disease symptoms, respectively. Plants grown in soil without biochar and with HTC char were healthy, and no disease incidence occurred. Pseudomonas putida L2 and Stenotrophomonas pavanii L8 isolates demonstrated a disease reduction compared to un-inoculated plants under MBC and WBC amended soil that was infested with Fusarium solani.

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Screening of wild Solanum rootstock to manage dry root rot disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) in brinjal

Innovations in Agriculture ◽

10.25081/ia.2018.v1.i2.1040 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

J. Sherly, R. Renuka

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Solanum Species ◽

Wild Solanum Species ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

House Condition ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Cent Disease ◽

Wild Solanum

Five wild Solanum species were screened against dry root rot disease in glass house condition with commonly cultivated brinjal as control. The disease was scored at different day’s interval on 30th, 45th and 60th days after planting (DAP). Among the wild species screened and evaluated the species S. torvum was observed without any disease incidence i.e (0). The least per cent of disease incidence was observed in S. incanum (38.60%) which was followed by S. xanthocarpum (42.80%), S. viarum (64.20%) and CO2 (78.50 %) susceptible check at 30 DAP. Secondary metabolites were analysed from both wild and control plants. Based on the per cent disease incidence values S. torvum was graded as ‘Resistant’ against M. phaseolina and can be recommended as a best rootstock for brinjal under varying climatic condition especially where the dry climate prevails.

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Root rot disease incidence and severity on some legume species grown in Samsun and the fungi isolated from roots and soils

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection ◽

10.1080/03235400600833779 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

pp. 501-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ismail Erper ◽

Gürsel Hatat Karaca ◽

Ibrahim Ozkoc

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Legume Species ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

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Efficacy of soil solarization on black root rot disease and speculation on its leverage on nematodes and weeds of strawberry in Egypt

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-019-0236-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad ◽

Ibrahim E. Elshahawy ◽

Farid Abd-El-Kareem

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Management Program ◽

Hot Water ◽

Soil Solarization ◽

Black Root Rot ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

Abstract Background Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) is an economically important crop in Egypt. Yet complex black root rot disease of strawberry caused by Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, and Pythium sp. can cause considerable yield losses. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating different aspects of soil solarization against this disease. Such an evaluation would better be viewed in the context of other beneficial effects of soil solarization on nematodes and weeds. Materials/methods Growth agar disks, growth suspension, and resting stages of strawberry black root rot fungi were evaluated at different temperatures and exposure times using digital hot water bath. Cloth bags artificially infested with single fungal species were buried into the soil before soil solarization at soil depths of 1–10, 11–20, and 21–30 cm at three spots of each plot for each of the abovementioned fungi for 3, 6, or 9 weeks. The disease incidence and severity in solarized and un-solarized soil was compared with the application of the fungicide Actamyl. Effects of soil solarization on nematodes and weeds were also consulted. Results The lethal temperature to F. solani, Pythium sp., and R. solani was 58, 58, and 56 °C, respectively when exposure time was 1 min. Chlamydospores were killed at 62 °C while sclerotia were killed at 58 °C in hot water for 1 min. Maximum soil temperature in solarized soil was raised by 15, 14, and 12 °C at depths of 1–10, 11–20, and 21–30 cm as compared with non-solarized soil. Solarization for 3, 6, and 9 weeks significantly reduced the disease incidence and severity and increased the strawberry yield. Complete reduction in total count of all tested fungi was obtained after 9 weeks at all tested depths. A review of collective soil pest and pathogen control via solarization documented its beneficial application. Conclusion The study may exploit hot months in Egypt for soil solarization against the serious root rot disease either singly or in an integrated pest management program.

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Effect of some Bioagents on Root-Rot Disease Incidence on Bean Plants

Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.21608/ejp.2012.103179 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 113-129

Author(s):

Maisa Abd El-Moneim ◽

Manal Gad El-Mola ◽

Samy Gaafer

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Bean Plants ◽

Rot Disease

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Evaluation of plant extracts, fungicides, bio-agent and soil amendments against foot and root rot disease of betelvine caused by Sclerotium rolfsii under field condition

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v44i4.45726 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 669-677

Author(s):

MH Rahman ◽

MR Islam ◽

FM Aminuzzaman ◽

A Latif ◽

S Nahar

Keyword(s):

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Root Rot ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Clove Extract ◽

Rot Disease

The studies were carried out on the management of foot and root rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. of betelvine (Piper betle L.) during April, 2017 to April, 2018 in a betelvine orchard (baroj) in the experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. There were 10 treatments, namely Provax 200, Tilt 250 EC, Score 250 EC, Pencozeb 80 WP, Garlic clove extract, Allamanda leaf extract, Poultry waste, Vermi-compost, Trichoderma harzianum and Control. The in-vivo evatuation, plant was inoculated by S. rolfsii after six month of plantation. The evaluation revealed that the lowest disease incidence of 8.33% was found in Provax 200 whereas the highest disease incidence of 91.67 was recorded under the untreated control treatment. The maximum of 90.91% reduction in disease incidence over control was found under Provax 200, which was significantly higher compared to all other treatments. Among the treatments, Provax 200 was noted as the most effective fungicide followed by Score 250 EC. The highest yield (7.57 t/ha) at 120 days after inoculation was found in case of Provax 200 which was 330.1% increased over untreated control. Stem and soil treated with Provax 200 including spraying at 3 days after inoculation, then sprayed at 7 days’ intervals minimized disease incidence and increased yield. Among the eco-friendly approach, Garlic clove extract, Trichoderma harzianum and soil amended with Vermi-compost also showed better performance in controlling foot and root rot disease of betelvine as compared to control. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(4): 669-677, December 2019

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Influence of some biotic and abiotic inducers on root rot disease incidence of sweet basil

African Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.5897/ajmr11.208 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (22) ◽

Author(s):

Saleh A. Al-Sohaibani

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Sweet Basil ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

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Bioagents and Commercial Algae Products as Integrated Biocide Treatments for Controlling Root Rot Diseases of Some Vegetables under Protected Cultivation System

Journal of Marine Biology ◽

10.1155/2013/429850 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Mokhtar M. Abdel-Kader ◽

Nehal S. El-Mougy

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Root Rot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Combined Treatments ◽

Blue Green Algae ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

Integrated commercial blue-green algae extracts and bioagents treatments against vegetables root rot incidence when used as soil drench under greenhouse and plastic house conditions were evaluated. All applied treatments reduced significantly root rot incidence at both pre- and postemergence growth stages of cucumber, cantaloupe, tomato, and pepper plants compared with untreated check control. In pot experiment, the obtained results showed that treatments ofTrichoderma harzianumorBacillus subtiliseither alone or combined with commercial algae extracts were significantly superior for reducing root rot disease for two tested vegetable plants compared with the other tested treatments as well as control. It is also observed that rising concentrations of either algae products, Oligo-X or Weed-Max, were reflected in more disease reduction. Promising treatments for controlling root rot disease incidence were applied under plastic houses conditions. As for field trails carried out under plastic houses conditions at different locations, the obtained results revealed that the applied combined treatments significantly reduced root rot incidence compared with fungicide and check control treatments. At all locations it was observed that Weed-Max (2 g/L) +Bacillus subtilissignificantly reduced disease incidence of grown vegetables compared with Oligo-X (2 mL/L) +Trichoderma harzianumtreatments. An obvious yield increase in all treatments was significantly higher than in the control. Also, the harvested yield in applied combined treatments at all locations was significantly higher than that in the fungicide and control treatments.

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Development of Crown and Root Rot Disease of Tomato Under Irrigation with Saline Water

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-95-1438 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 95 (12) ◽

pp. 1438-1444 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Shachaf Triky-Dotan ◽

Uri Yermiyahu ◽

Jaacov Katan ◽

Abraham Gamliel

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Fresh Water ◽

Root Rot ◽

Saline Water ◽

Tap Water ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Crown And Root Rot ◽

Rot Disease

We studied the effect of water salinity on the incidence and severity of crown and root rot disease of tomato, as well as on the pathogen and on the plant's response to the pathogen. Irrigation with saline water significantly increased disease severity in tomato transplants inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, and mineral fertilization further increased it. In one field experiment, disease incidence in plots irrigated with saline water (electrical conductivity [EC] = 3.2 ± 0.1 dS m-1) and in those irrigated with fresh water (EC = 0.4 ± 0.1 dS m-1) was 75 and 38%, respectively. Disease onset was earlier and yield was lower in plots irrigated with saline water. In a second field experiment, final disease incidence 250 days after planting, was 12% in plants which had been irrigated with saline water (EC = 4.6 ± 0.1 dS m-1) and 4% in those irrigated with fresh water (EC = 1.2 ± 0.1 dS m-1). Irrigation of tomato transplants with 20 mM NaCl did not inhibit plant development, but partial inhibition was observed at higher NaCl concentrations. Growth of the pathogen in culture or survival of conidia added to soil were not affected by saline water. Plants which were preirrigated with saline water were more severely diseased than those preirrigated with tap water. It was concluded that disease increases effected by saline water are associated with the latter's effect on plant response.

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Disease Incidence, Severity and Phenotypic Variation Among the Isolates of Rhizoctonia Bataticola Infected in Root Rot Disease of Mulberry in Different Mulberry Fields of Karnataka

Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia ◽

10.13005/bbra/2927 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 403-411

Author(s):

Keshavamurthy Mukunda ◽

Vishwanatha Teligi ◽

Shilpashree Heggadihalli Puttegowda ◽

Kavyasree Doddaballapur Sampangiramaiah

Keyword(s):

Phenotypic Variation ◽

Root Rot ◽

Plant Root ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Rhizoctonia Bataticola ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Infected Root ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Rot Disease

The present investigation was carried out in view of destructive nature of root rot disease of mulberry caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola. The pathogen is a soil inhabiting fungus which is causing serious threat to more than 500 plant species. This study will enable to have a clear view of the root rot pathogen, R. bataticola in respect to variability, distribution and economic impact on mulberry plant. Root rot disease of mulberry is a devastating disease among the mulberry diseases. The part of study was conducted in Ramanagara district of Karnataka which is the largest market for silk cocoons in Asia, followed by Kanakapura in Karnataka, India. A field survey was conducted on disease incidence in various mulberry cultivating fields in Kanakapura and Ramanagara areas of Karnataka. Disease incidence of 78% and 53.60% with an average leaf yield loss of 39.73% covering 80 mulberry gardens has been reported in Kanakapura and Ramanagara respectively. From the infected root samples the phytopathogen, R. bataticola was isolated and its phenotypic variation was studied by growing the fungal pathogen on different fugal isolation media such as potato dextrose agar, richard’s agar and czapek dox agar under laboratory conditions. This study revealed the prevalence of the mulberry root rot disease in major mulberry growing locations in Karnataka. Incidence and severity of the mulberry root rot disease varied significantly among the locations under cropping seasons. This study was limited to southern Karnataka and did not cover other mulberry production locations in the different agro-ecological zones in Karnataka state. Therefore a study should be undertaken to evaluate the disease prevalence in other locations.

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