scholarly journals LEGALISASI ABORSI DI INDONESIA PERSPEKTIF PERBANDINGAN HUKUM PIDANA: ANTARA COMMON LAW SYSTEM DAN CIVIL LAW SYSTEM

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-514
Author(s):  
Paulinus Soge
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Law System ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Civil Law System

scholarly journals Contract Law Of Malaysia and Indonesia: Some Basic Comparison

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Shaik Mohd Noor Alam S.M. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Law System ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Civil Law System

Malaysia dan Indonesia memiliki persamaan dan perbedaan dalam sistem hukum. Keduanegara mengenal Hukum Islam dan Hukum Adat. Namun berkenaan dengan hukum Baratmaka Malaysia menganut "Common Law System ", sedangkan Indonesia negeri yangdimasukkan dalam "Civil Law System ". Karangan berikut ini mencoba memperbandingkansahnya suatu perjanjian menurut hukum "Common Law" Malaysia dan "Civil Law" Indonesia. Terlihat adanya perbedaan dalam unsur-unsur yang harus dipenuhi untuk sahnya suatu perjanjian di kedua negara tersebut.

scholarly journals “Halal” Abortion in Perspective Common Law system,Civil Law System and Ius Constituendum : Towards Legality and Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Sardjana Atmadja
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Unsafe Abortion ◽  
Law System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Post Abortion Care ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Post Abortion ◽  
Civil Law System

Background: To safe services in hygienic conditions must be made widely available and affordable, so that the stigma associated with providing and obtaining abortions can lessen and safe services can become normal and accepted, abortion is broadly legal, widely available and safe in Indonesia.Objective: The purpose of this article to discuss ius constituendum on abortion in Indonesia from criminal law perspective between Common Law System and Civil Law System.In Indonesia Ius Contituendum on abortion  is not directed to legalization of abortion as carried out both in Netherland and USA but tends to be harmonized with therapeutic abortion concept both medical and psychiatric fields.Material and Method: Systematic review of studies evaluating the prevalence of unsafe abortion in Indonesia.Results: The public health tragedy caused by unsafe abortion is all the more so because it is largely preventable, by improving the quality and availability of post abortion care, by making abortion legal and increasing access to safe services, and—because almost every abortion is preceded by an unintended pregnancy—by expanding access to contraceptive information and services. Restrictive laws have much less impact on stopping women from ending an unwanted pregnancy than on forcing those who are determined to do so to seek out clandestine means. Ironically, the abortion laws governing of Indonesia  is holdovers from the colonial era.Conclutions:  “Halal” abortion is making a significant contribution toward reducing the need for abortion altogether and the likelihood of unsafe abortion by bringing down the rates of unintended pregnancy. This is also helping to reduce complications of unsafe abortion through its support for programs to increase access to and improve post abortion care. This includes not only treatment for septic or incomplete abortion, but also essential post abortion.Keywords: “Halal” abortion, the public health tragedy, unintended pregnancy Common law system,Civil law system and Ius Constituendum.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Hukum terkait Pembentukan Pasal Penghinaan terhadap Peradilan, Perzinahan, dan Santet dalam RKUHP Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-137
Author(s):  
Farrel Alanda Fitrah
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Law System ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Civil Law System

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek perbandingan hukum terkait pembentukan pasal penghinaan terhadap peradilan, perzinahan, dan santet dalam RKUHP Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi bersifat deskriptif. Adapun metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis perbandingan hukum. Perbandingan hukum dilakukan untuk mengetahui persamaan dan perbedaan unsur dari setiap sistem hukum, sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif dalam menyikapi persoalan-persoalan tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia menganut civil law system sebagai warisan dari Belanda. Akan tetapi, tidak ada lagi negara yang murni menganut civil law system atau common law system. Perpaduan antara civil law system dan common law system di Indonesia disertai pula dengan perpaduan antara unsur hukum agama dan hukum adat. Hal ini dapat diketahui dari aspek perbandingan hukum terkait pembentukan pasal penghinaan terhadap peradilan, perzinahan, dan santet dalam RKUHP Indonesia. Tindak pidana penghinaan terhadap peradilan atau contempt of court dirumuskan dalam Pasal 302-325 RKUHP, dimana muatan dari Pasal tersebut merupakan perpaduan dari common law system. Tindak pidana perzinahan dirumuskan dalam Pasal 418 RKUHP, dimana muatan dari Pasal tersebut merupakan perpaduan dari hukum agama yang ditransformasikan ke dalam sistem hukum Indonesia yang menganut civil law system. Tindak pidana delik santet dirumuskan dalam Pasal 252 RKUHP, dimana muatan dari Pasal tersebut merupakan perpaduan antara sistem hukum adat dengan sistem hukum agama yang berusaha diterapkan ke dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Olehnya itu, disarankan agar peran perbandingan hukum dalam menelaah proses pembaharuan hukum harus terus dilakukan, sehingga sistem hukum di Indonesia terus bergerak ke arah yang lebih baik.

scholarly journals Attribution of Liability among Multiple Tortfeasors under Negligence Law: Causation in Iran and England

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Elyas Noee ◽  
Mohammad Noee ◽  
Azadeh Mehrpouyan
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Tort Law ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Law System ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Negligence Law ◽  
Civil Law System

“Causation” possesses a considerable place in tort law of Iran and England particularly in the field of Negligence law. Existing differences in legal systems of Iran (as a Civil Law system) and England (as a Common Law system) make find a common perspective difficult to study causation but possible. This research focuses to compare causation in cases where more than one tortfeasors is involved in inflicting damage by negligence. This study also attempts to recognize differences and similarities between Iran and England in order to resolve ambiguities in Iran legal system through England legal system. The study was conducted in three sections including tortfeasors’ indenpendancy, tortfeasors’ contribution, and tortfeasors’ separate impact. This paper reports respectively: in case of tortfeasor independency, Iran law admits jointly and severally liability while England law offers a variety of approaches in various cases; in case of tortfeasors’ contribution, each tortfeasor is liable according to its effect on causing damage with few exceptions; and in case of tortfeasors’ separate impact, per tortfeasor is liable for inflicted damage which is only from oneself side. The results show England law can be considered to filling legal gap of Iran law regarding present identified differences and similarities.

scholarly journals PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN MUTLAK (STRICT LIABILITY) DALAM HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Artha Windari
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Strict Liability ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Law System ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Civil Law System

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep pertanggungjawaban mutlak (strict liability) dalam sistem common law dan civil law, serta bentuk pertanggungjawaban mutlak (strict liability) dalam hukum perlindungan konsumen di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach) dan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam common law system, strict liability merupakan transformasi dari pertanggungjawaban atas dasar perjanjian (contractual liability), yang sama sekali tidak mensyaratkan adanya unsur kesalahan, sedangkan konsep pertanggungjawaban dalam civil law system keberadaan unsur kesalahan masih terkandung didalamnya, akan tetapi dilakukan pengalihan beban pembuktian unsur kesalahan tersebut dari penggugat kepada tergugat (shifting the burden of proof). Bentuk pertanggungjawaban dalam hukum perlindungan konsumen di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen menganut strict liability sebagai derivasi dari pertanggungjawaban berdasarkan perbuatan melawan hukum (tortious liability), dimana terjadi pengalihan beban pembuktian kesalahan dari konsumen kepada pelaku usaha. Kata Kunci: Strict liability, perlindungan konsumen.

scholarly journals Penerapan Omnibus Law dalam Undang Undang No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Zulfa Humaira
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
High Income ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Law System ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Civil Law System

Pada Juli 2020, World Bank mengubah indikator pengukuran katagori pendapatan negara dan mengklasifikasikannya ke dalam 4 kelompok negara yaitu, pendapatan rendah (low income), pendapatan rendah menengah (lower-middle income), pendapatan menengah keatas (upper-middle income), dan pendapatan tinggi (high-income). Dari perubahan indikator tersebut menempatkan Indonesia pada katagori upper-middle income dari yang sebelumnya lower-middle income. Peningkatan pendapatan Indonesia terus diupayakan dan didorong oleh pemerintah melalu regulasi-regulasi yang mendukung salah satunya dengan membentuk Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja atau UU Cipta Kerja. Pembentukan UU Cipta Kerja merupakan yang pertama kali di Indonesia dengan metode Omnibus Law sehingga membawa dampak bagi peraturan perundang-undangan lain yang terkait. Pada prinsipnya penerapan Omnibus Law sudah banyak diterapkan di negara-negara dengan common law system sedangkan untuk penerapannya di Indonesia memiliki beberapa permasalahan mengenai pembentukan perundang-undangannya karena menganut civil law system.

Canada—Nova Scotia

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Ruck Keene ◽  
QC Alison Scott Butler
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Canadian Charter ◽  
Law System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Civil Law System

Canada is a federation composed of ten provinces, including Nova Scotia (‘NS’), and three territories. The common law applies in Canada, with the exception of the province of Quebec, which uses a civil law system. There is a federal government; as a province, NS also exercises constitutional powers in its own right. Federal legislation includes provisions relating to adults within the scope of this work. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms also guarantees certain political rights to Canadians and civil rights to everyone in Canada, and contains rights that impact upon capacity law.

scholarly journals Transfer of Risk of Loss in Turkish Law and International Treaties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almıla Özkan ◽  
Ayşe Sena Aksakallı
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Law System ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
The Way

The risk of loss refers to the value of the goods that were damaged or destroyed without responsibilities of any party. While the matter of risk of loss differs from legal systems to legal systems, it has been subject to international treaties as well. In Turkish legal system, the abrogated Code of Obligation and Turkish Code of Obligations have different features in terms of transfer of risk of loss. According to abrogated Code of Obligation, the buyer is responsible for the value of the damaged goods as soon as the parties sign the contract. In Turkish Code of Obligations, the seller bears the risk of loss until the delivery of goods or registration. Turkish Code of Obligation is compatible with civil law. And abrogated Code of Obligation is compatible with common law system. There are rules regarding transfer of risk of loss in many international treaties. By the way, it must be stated that rules of transfer of risk of loss in Vienna Convention are compatible with Turkish Code of Obligations.

scholarly journals Contract Interpretation Law in Australia: It Is a Maze, Not a Straight Way

IUSTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Echeverry Botero
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Law System ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
Australian Case ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Do So

In Australian common law system, there are discrepancies between the judicial decisions regarding the interpretation of contracts. In this research paper, I intend to clarify legal issues that cause these differences. In addition, I discuss the implications of adopting more specific rules in Australia. To do so, I compare the Australian case to other countries with civil law systems that have established similar norms. Then, I advocate for developing and adopting a law that is in accordance with current<br />international principles.

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