scholarly journals A Multi-Stage Approach to Hybrid Lead Acid Battery and Supercapacitor System for Transport Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mpho J. Lencwe ◽  
Shyama P. Chowdhury ◽  
Thomas O. Olwal
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Transient Currents ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Battery State Of Charge ◽  
Lead Acid

Lead Acid Batteries (LABs) are used for starting, lighting, igniting, air conditioning systems and supplying power to electric engines in Transport Vehicles (TVs). However, the application of LABs for TVs has faced a number of market challenges mounted by the upcoming high energy density and long lifespan batteries such as Lithium Ion. LABs on the other hand are low cost. The key research question is, how can the lifespan of LABs used in automotive industries be increased, while still ensuring a low cost solution? Thus, integrating LABs with the Supercapacitor is likely to outperform the competing alternative batteries for TVs. This paper proposes a multiple stage approach to hybrid Lead Acid Battery and Supercapacitor system for TVs that is capable of maintaining the battery State-of-Charge (SOC) to statistically high limits ranging between 90% and 95%. This SOC target will likely ensure that the lifespan of the hybrid battery system can be elongated (extended) more than its competitors. In this study, the multiple stage approach of concatenated converters has been designed in order to satisfy all energy storage requirements for different characteristics of LAB and Supercapacitor. The designed hybrid system has been simulated using Matlab/Simulink. The simulated results show that high transient currents from the DC Bus of LAB caused by the regenerative braking or deceleration of the TVs reduces the battery lifespan and induce mechanical stress. Supercapacitor reduces the stress on the LAB by absorbing high transient currents. This, in turn keeps the LABs’ SOC between 90-95% and the voltage at 12V. As indicated by the simulated results, the hybrid battery SOC is maintained at 90-93% and the terminal voltage is approximately 12V.

scholarly journals A Multi-Stage Approach to a Hybrid Lead Acid Battery and Supercapacitor System for Transport Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mpho Lencwe ◽  
Shyama Chowdhury ◽  
Thomas Olwal
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Transient Currents ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Battery State Of Charge ◽  
Lead Acid

Lead Acid Batteries (LABs) are used for starting, lighting, and igniting, as well as in air conditioning systems and to supply power to electric engines in transport vehicles (TVs). However, the application of LABs for TVs has faced a number of market challenges, mounted by the upcoming high energy density and long lifespan batteries, such as lithium ion. LABs, on the other hand, are inexpensive. The key research question is, how can the lifespan of LABs used in automotive industries be increased, while still ensuring a low cost solution? Thus, integrating LABs with the supercapacitor (known as an electric double layer capacitor—EDLC) is likely to outperform the competing alternative batteries for TVs. This paper proposes a multiple stage approach to hybrid lead acid batteries and a supercapacitor system for TVs that is capable of maintaining the battery state-of-charge (SOC) at statistically high limits, ranging between 90% and 95%. This SOC target will likely ensure that the lifespan of the hybrid battery system can be elongated (extended) more than its competitors. In this study, the multiple stage approach of concatenated converters has been designed in order to satisfy all energy storage requirements for different characteristics of LABs and the supercapacitor. The designed hybrid system has been simulated using Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB/Simulink (version R2016a, MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA)). The simulated results show that high transient currents from the direct current (DC) bus of LABs, caused by the regenerative braking or deceleration of the TVs, reduce the battery lifespan and induce mechanical stress. The supercapacitor reduces the stress on the LAB by absorbing high transient currents. This, in turn, keeps the LABs’ SOC between 90% and 96% and the voltage at 12 V. As indicated by the simulated results, the hybrid battery SOC is maintained at 90–96% and the terminal voltage is approximately 12 V.

scholarly journals A Multi-Stage Approach to a Hybrid Lead Acid Battery and Supercapacitor System for Transport Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mpho J. Lencwe ◽  
Shyama P. Chowdhury ◽  
Thomas O. Olwal
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Transient Currents ◽  
Lead Acid Batteries ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Battery State Of Charge ◽  
Lead Acid

Lead Acid Batteries (LABs) are used for starting, lighting, and igniting, as well as in air conditioning systems and to supply power to electric engines in transport vehicles (TVs). However, the application of LABs for TVs has faced a number of market challenges, mounted by the upcoming high energy density and long lifespan batteries, such as lithium ion. LABs, on the other hand, are inexpensive. The key research question is, how can the lifespan of LABs used in automotive industries be increased, while still ensuring a low cost solution? Thus, integrating LABs with the supercapacitor (known as an electric double layer capacitor—EDLC) is likely to outperform the competing alternative batteries for TVs. This paper proposes a multiple stage approach to hybrid lead acid batteries and a supercapacitor system for TVs that is capable of maintaining the battery state-of-charge (SOC) at statistically high limits, ranging between 90% and 95%. This SOC target will likely ensure that the lifespan of the hybrid battery system can be elongated (extended) more than its competitors. In this study, the multiple stage approach of concatenated converters has been designed in order to satisfy all energy storage requirements for different characteristics of LABs and the supercapacitor. The designed hybrid system has been simulated using Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB/Simulink (version R2016a, MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA)). The simulated results show that high transient currents from the direct current (DC) bus of LABs, caused by the regenerative braking or deceleration of the TVs, reduce the battery lifespan and induce mechanical stress. The supercapacitor reduces the stress on the LAB by absorbing high transient currents. This, in turn, keeps the LABs’ SOC between 90% and 96% and the voltage at 12 V. As indicated by the simulated results, the hybrid battery SOC is maintained at 90–96% and the terminal voltage is approximately 12 V.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost, High Energy-Density Lead/Acid Battery

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. A66 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hariprakash ◽  
A. U. Mane ◽  
S. K. Martha ◽  
S. A. Gaffoor ◽  
S. A. Shivashankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Lead Acid

scholarly journals Na0.76V6O15/Activated Carbon Hybrid Cathode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Capacitors

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Renwei Lu ◽  
Xiaolong Ren ◽  
Chong Wang ◽  
Changzhen Zhan ◽  
Ding Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Artificial Graphite

Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors (LICs) are regarded as one of the most promising next generation energy storage devices. Commercial activated carbon materials with low cost and excellent cycling stability are widely used as cathode materials for LICs, however, their low energy density remains a significant challenge for the practical applications of LICs. Herein, Na0.76V6O15 nanobelts (NaVO) were prepared and combined with commercial activated carbon YP50D to form hybrid cathode materials. Credit to the synergism of its capacitive effect and diffusion-controlled faradaic effect, NaVO/C hybrid cathode displays both superior cyclability and enhanced capacity. LICs were assembled with the as-prepared NaVO/C hybrid cathode and artificial graphite anode which was pre-lithiated. Furthermore, 10-NaVO/C//AG LIC delivers a high energy density of 118.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 220.6 W kg−1 and retains 43.7 Wh kg−1 even at a high power density of 21,793.0 W kg−1. The LIC can also maintain long-term cycling stability with capacitance retention of approximately 70% after 5000 cycles at 1 A g−1. Accordingly, hybrid cathodes composed of commercial activated carbon and a small amount of high energy battery-type materials are expected to be a candidate for low-cost advanced LICs with both high energy density and power density.

Manganese phosphoxide/Ni5P4 hybrids as an anode material for high energy density and rate potassium-ion storage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen Yang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Yiwei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Ion Storage

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) that serve as low-cost and large-scale secondary batteries are regarded as promising alternatives and supplement to lithium-ion batteries. Hybrid active materials can be featured with the synergistic...

scholarly journals A review of the energy storage aspects of chemical elements for lithium-ion based batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Bashir ◽  
Sara Adeeba Ismail ◽  
Yuheng Song ◽  
Rana Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Shiqi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Battery Systems

Energy storage devices such as batteries hold great importance for society, owing to their high energy density, environmental benignity and low cost. However, critical issues related to their performance and safety still need to be resolved. The periodic table of elements is pivotal to chemistry, physics, biology and engineering and represents a remarkable scientific breakthrough that sheds light on the fundamental laws of nature. Here, we provide an overview of the role of the most prominent elements, including s-block, p-block, transition and inner-transition metals, as electrode materials for lithium-ion battery systems regarding their perspective applications and fundamental properties. We also outline hybrid materials, such as MXenes, transition metal oxides, alloys and graphene oxide. Finally, the challenges and prospects of each element and their derivatives and hybrids for future battery systems are discussed, which may provide guidance towards green, low-cost, versatile and sustainable energy storage devices.

scholarly journals Binder-Free V2O5 Cathode for High Energy Density Rechargeable Aluminum-Ion Batteries

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diem ◽  
Fenk ◽  
Bill ◽  
Burghard
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Aluminum Ion ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Aluminum Ions ◽  
Binder Free

Nowadays, research on electrochemical storage systems moves into the direction of post-lithium-ion batteries, such as aluminum-ion batteries, and the exploration of suitable materials for such batteries. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is one of the most promising host materials for the intercalation of multivalent ions. Here, we report on the fabrication of a binder-free and self-supporting V2O5 micrometer-thick paper-like electrode material and its use as the cathode for rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries. The electrical conductivity of the cathode was significantly improved by a novel in-situ and self-limiting copper migration approach into the V2O5 structure. This process takes advantage of the dissolution of Cu by the ionic liquid-based electrolyte, as well as the presence of two different accommodation sites in the nanostructured V2O5 available for aluminum-ions and the migrated Cu. Furthermore, the advanced nanostructured cathode delivered a specific discharge capacity of up to ~170 mAh g−1 and the reversible intercalation of Al3+ for more than 500 cycles with a high Coulomb efficiency reaching nearly 100%. The binder-free concept results in an energy density of 74 Wh kg−1, which shows improved energy density in comparison to the so far published V2O5-based cathodes. Our results provide valuable insights for the future design and development of novel binder-free and self-supporting electrodes for rechargeable multivalent metal-ion batteries associating a high energy density, cycling stability, safety and low cost.

scholarly journals Niobium Tungsten Oxide in a Green Water-in-Salt Electrolyte Enables Ultra-Stable Aqueous Lithium-Ion Capacitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengyang Dong ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Chenglong Chen ◽  
Laifa Shen ◽  
Xiaogang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Lithium Acetate ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitors

AbstractAqueous hybrid supercapacitors are attracting increasing attention due to their potential low cost, high safety and eco-friendliness. However, the narrow operating potential window of aqueous electrolyte and the lack of suitable negative electrode materials seriously hinder its future applications. Here, we explore high concentrated lithium acetate with high ionic conductivity of 65.5 mS cm−1 as a green “water-in-salt” electrolyte, providing wide voltage window up to 2.8 V. It facilitates the reversible function of niobium tungsten oxide, Nb18W16O93, that otherwise only operations in organic electrolytes previously. The Nb18W16O93 with lithium-ion intercalation pseudocapacitive behavior exhibits excellent rate performance, high areal capacity, and ultra-long cycling stability. An aqueous lithium-ion hybrid capacitor is developed by using Nb18W16O93 as negative electrode combined with graphene as positive electrode in lithium acetate-based “water-in-salt” electrolyte, delivering a high energy density of 41.9 W kg−1, high power density of 20,000 W kg−1 and unexceptionable stability of 50,000 cycles.

scholarly journals The Development of Si Anode Materials by Nanotechnology for Lithium-ion Battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Minghao He ◽  
Mingzhao Li ◽  
Zeyu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Discharge Performance

Nowadays, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are applied in many fields for their high energy density, low cost, and long cycle life, highly appreciated in a commercial application. Anode materials, a vital factor contributing to high specific capacity, have caught great attention in next-generation LIBs development. Silicon (Si) has been generally considered one of the best substitutes for the commercial carbon-based anodes of lithium-ion batteries due to its extremely high theoretical capacity, excellent charge-discharge performance, and low cost compared with other anode materials. In this review, various silicon-based materials, including nanostructured silicon and silicon composite materials, are summarized, and both advantages and challenges are analyzed. The article emphasizes the remarkable electrochemical characteristics and significant improvement of battery performance by applying nanostructure and silicon composites conjugates. Besides, the challenges and outlook on the nanostructure design of Si and silicon composites are presented.

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