Layered Ternary and Quaternary Transition Metal Chalcogenide Based Catalysts for Water Splitting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand P. Tiwari ◽  
Travis G. Novak ◽  
Xiuming Bu ◽  
Johnny C. Ho ◽  
Seokwoo Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

Water splitting plays an important role in electrochemical and photoelectrochemical conversion of energy devices. Electrochemical water splitting by the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a straightforward route to produce hydrogen (H2), which requires an efficient electrocatalysts to minimize energy consumption. Recent advances have created a rapid rise in new electrocatalysts, particularly those based on non-precious metals. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent developments of ternary and quaternary 6d-group transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) based electrocatalysts for water splitting, especially for HER. Detailed discussion is organized from binary to quaternary TMCs including, surface engineering, heterostructures, chalcogen substitutions, and hierarchically structural design in TMCs. Moreover, emphasis is placed on future research scope and important challenges facing these electrocatalysts for further development in their performance towards water splitting.  

scholarly journals Layered Ternary and Quaternary Transition Metal Chalcogenide Based Catalysts for Water Splitting

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Tiwari ◽  
Travis Novak ◽  
Xiuming Bu ◽  
Johnny Ho ◽  
Seokwoo Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

Water splitting plays an important role in the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical conversion of energy devices. Electrochemical water splitting by the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a straightforward route to producing hydrogen (H2), which requires an efficient electrocatalyst to minimize energy consumption. Recent advances have created a rapid rise in new electrocatalysts, particularly those based on non-precious metals. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent developments of ternary and quaternary 6d-group transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) based electrocatalysts for water splitting, especially for HER. Detailed discussion is organized from binary to quaternary TMCs including, surface engineering, heterostructures, chalcogen substitutions and hierarchically structural design in TMCs. Moreover, emphasis is placed on future research scope and important challenges facing these electrocatalysts for further development in their performance towards water splitting.

scholarly journals Metal Chalcogenides on Silicon Photocathodes for Efficient Water Splitting: A Mini Overview

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemee Joe ◽  
Hyunwoo Yang ◽  
Changdeuck Bae ◽  
Hyunjung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Surface Band ◽  
Band Bending ◽  
Co Catalysts

In the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting (WS) reactions, a photon is absorbed by a semiconductor, generating electron-hole pairs which are transferred across the semiconductor/electrolyte interface to reduce or oxidize water into oxygen or hydrogen. Catalytic junctions are commonly combined with semiconductor absorbers, providing electrochemically active sites for charge transfer across the interface and increasing the surface band bending to improve the PEC performance. In this review, we focus on transition metal (di)chalcogenide [TM(D)C] catalysts in conjunction with silicon photoelectrode as Earth-abundant materials systems. Surprisingly, there is a limited number of reports in Si/TM(D)C for PEC WS in the literature. We provide almost a complete survey on both layered TMDC and non-layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMC) co-catalysts on Si photoelectrodes, mainly photocathodes. The mechanisms of the photovoltaic power conversion of silicon devices are summarized with emphasis on the exact role of catalysts. Diverse approaches to the improved PEC performance and the proposed synergetic functions of catalysts on the underlying Si are reviewed. Atomic layer deposition of TM(D)C materials as a new methodology for directly growing them and its implication for low-temperature growth on defect chemistry are featured. The multi-phase TM(D)C overlayers on Si and the operation principles are highlighted. Finally, challenges and directions regarding future research for achieving the theoretical PEC performance of Si-based photoelectrodes are provided.

scholarly journals Recent Achievements in Development of TiO2-Based Composite Photocatalytic Materials for Solar Driven Water Purification and Water Splitting

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Perović ◽  
Francis M. dela Rosa ◽  
Marin Kovačić ◽  
Hrvoje Kušić ◽  
Urška Lavrenčič Štangar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Photocatalytic Water Splitting

Clean water and the increased use of renewable energy are considered to be two of the main goals in the effort to achieve a sustainable living environment. The fulfillment of these goals may include the use of solar-driven photocatalytic processes that are found to be quite effective in water purification, as well as hydrogen generation. H2 production by water splitting and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water both rely on the formation of electron/hole (e−/h+) pairs at a semiconducting material upon its excitation by light with sufficient photon energy. Most of the photocatalytic studies involve the use of TiO2 and well-suited model compounds, either as sacrificial agents or pollutants. However, the wider application of this technology requires the harvesting of a broader spectrum of solar irradiation and the suppression of the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. These limitations can be overcome by the use of different strategies, among which the focus is put on the creation of heterojunctions with another narrow bandgap semiconductor, which can provide high response in the visible light region. In this review paper, we report the most recent advances in the application of TiO2 based heterojunction (semiconductor-semiconductor) composites for photocatalytic water treatment and water splitting. This review article is subdivided into two major parts, namely Photocatalytic water treatment and Photocatalytic water splitting, to give a thorough examination of all achieved progress. The first part provides an overview on photocatalytic degradation mechanism principles, followed by the most recent applications for photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of contaminants of emerging concern (CEC), such as pharmaceuticals and pesticides with a critical insight into removal mechanism, while the second part focuses on fabrication of TiO2-based heterojunctions with carbon-based materials, transition metal oxides, transition metal chalcogenides, and multiple composites that were made of three or more semiconductor materials for photocatalytic water splitting.

scholarly journals The role of nitrogen in transition-metal nitrides in electrochemical water splitting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Jamil ◽  
Rashad Ali ◽  
Suraj Loomba ◽  
Jian Xian ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Metal Nitrides ◽  
Transition Metal Nitrides ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

Recent advances in metal–nitrogen–carbon catalysts for electrochemical water splitting

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 2155-2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaihua Liu ◽  
Haixia Zhong ◽  
Fanlu Meng ◽  
Xinbo Zhang ◽  
Junmin Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

The recent developments of metal–nitrogen–carbon catalysts for electrochemical water splitting have been comprehensively summarized.

Transition metal oxide-based materials for photo electrochemical water splitting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Ramachandran ◽  
Narendhar Chandrasekar ◽  
Pinky Steffi Alexander ◽  
Prakash Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Transition Metal Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

scholarly journals Optical Camera Communications: Principles, Modulations, Potential and Challenges

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Willy Anugrah Cahyadi ◽  
Yeon Ho Chung ◽  
Zabih Ghassemlooy ◽  
Navid Bani Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Visible Light Communications ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Optical Wireless Communications ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Technical Issues

Optical wireless communications (OWC) are emerging as cost-effective and practical solutions to the congested radio frequency-based wireless technologies. As part of OWC, optical camera communications (OCC) have become very attractive, considering recent developments in cameras and the use of fitted cameras in smart devices. OCC together with visible light communications (VLC) is considered within the framework of the IEEE 802.15.7m standardization. OCCs based on both organic and inorganic light sources as well as cameras are being considered for low-rate transmissions and localization in indoor as well as outdoor short-range applications and within the framework of the IEEE 802.15.7m standardization together with VLC. This paper introduces the underlying principles of OCC and gives a comprehensive overview of this emerging technology with recent standardization activities in OCC. It also outlines the key technical issues such as mobility, coverage, interference, performance enhancement, etc. Future research directions and open issues are also presented.

scholarly journals Strategies for Developing Transition Metal Phosphides in Electrochemical Water Splitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Ying ◽  
Huan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Metal Phosphides ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Transition Metal Phosphides

Electrochemical water splitting involving hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a greatly promising technology to generate sustainable and renewable energy resources, which relies on the exploration regarding the design of electrocatalysts with high efficiency, high stability, and low cost. Transition metal phosphides (TMPs), as nonprecious metallic electrocatalysts, have been extensively investigated and proved to be high-efficient electrocatalysts in both HER and OER. In this minireview, a general overview of recent progress in developing high-performance TMP electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting has been presented. Design strategies including composition engineering by element doping, hybridization, and tuning the molar ratio, structure engineering by porous structures, nanoarray structures, and amorphous structures, and surface/interface engineering by tuning surface wetting states, facet control, and novel substrate are summarized. Key scientific problems and prospective research directions are also briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Surface Engineering: Surface Engineering of Nanomaterials for Photo-Electrochemical Water Splitting (Small 1/2019)

Small ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1970001
Author(s):  
Bin Yao ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Xiaoli Fan ◽  
Jianping He ◽  
Yat Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting
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