scholarly journals Morphological Variability of Submarine Mass Movements in the Tectonically-Controlled Calabro-Tyrrhenian Continental Margin (Southern Italy)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Casalbore ◽  
Alessandro Bosman ◽  
David Casas ◽  
Francesco Latino Chiocci ◽  
Eleonora Martorelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Margin ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Bathymetric Data ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Geomorphic Features ◽  
Size And Morphology

The acquisition of high resolution morpho-bathymetric data on the Calabro Tyrrhenian continental margin (Southern Italy) enabled us to identify several mass-wasting processes, including shallow gullies, shelf-indenting canyons and landslides. In particular, we focus our attention on submarine landslides occurring from the coast down to -1700 m, with mobilized volumes ranging from some hundreds up to tens of millions of cubic meters. These landslides also show a large variability of geomorphic features in the headwall, translational and toe domain. Based on their morphology and distribution, four main classes of coastal/submarine landslides have been recognized: a) rocky coastal/shallow-water failures characterized by large hummocky deposits offshore; b) large-size and isolated scars with associated landslide deposits, mostly occurring on open slope environment and lower part of tectonically-controlled escarpments; c) a linear array of coalescent and nested landslide scars occurring in the upper part of tectonically-controlled escarpments and canyon flanks; d) a cauliflower array of small and coalescent scars occurring in canyon headwall.  The latter two classes of landslides are also characterized by a marked retrogressive evolution and their landslide deposits are generally not recognizable on the morpho-bathymetric data. By integrating the morpho-bathymetric dataset with the results of previous studies, we also discuss the main factors controlling the variability in size and morphology of these submarine landslides to provide insights on their failure and post-failure behavior.

scholarly journals Morphological Variability of Submarine Mass Movements in the Tectonically–Controlled Calabro–Tyrrhenian Continental Margin (Southern Italy)

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Casalbore ◽  
Alessandro Bosman ◽  
David Casas ◽  
Francesco Chiocci ◽  
Eleonora Martorelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Geomorphic Features

The analysis of high resolution morpho–bathymetric data on the Calabro Tyrrhenian continental margin (Southern Italy) enabled us to identify several morphological features originated by mass–wasting processes, including shallow gullies, shelf–indenting canyons and landslides. Specifically, we focus our attention on submarine landslides occurring from the coast down to −1700 m and affecting variable areas from thousands of square meters up to few tens of square kilometers. These landslides also show a large variability of geomorphic features which seems strictly related to the physiographic/morphological domains where the landslide formed. Tectonically–controlled scarps and canyon flanks are typically characterized by several coalescent and nested landslides, with diameters ranging from hundreds to a few thousands of meters. Canyon headwalls are commonly characterized by a cauliflower shape due to an array of small (diameters of tens of meters) and coalescent scars. In all these sectors, disintegrative–like landslides dominate and are generally characterized by a marked retrogressive evolution, as demonstrated by their morphology and comparison of repeated bathymetric surveys at the canyon headwall. Only in the lower part of tectonically–controlled scarps, a few cohesive–like and isolated landslides are present, indicating the main role of slope gradients and height drop in controlling the post–failure behavior of the mobilized material. Open slopes are generally characterized by large–scale (diameters of thousands of meters) and isolated scars, with associated landslide deposits. A peculiar case is represented by the Capo Vaticano Scar Complex that affected an area of about 18 km2 and is characterized by an impressive variability of landslide morphologies, varying also at short distance. The large extent and variability of such scar complex are thought to be associated with the occurrence of a mixed contouritic–turbidite system. By integrating the high–resolution morpho–bathymetric dataset with the results of previous studies, we discuss the main factors controlling the variability in size and morphology of submarine landslides developed in a tectonically–controlled setting and provide preliminary considerations on their potential geohazard in a densely populated coastal area.

scholarly journals Microscopic platelet size and morphology in various hematologic disorders

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-486
Author(s):  
Z Zeigler ◽  
S Murphy ◽  
FH Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Hematologic Disorders ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Normal Platelet ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Platelet Size ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Size And Morphology

Microscopic evaluation of apparent platelet size and morphology was examined in a variety of hematologic disorders. The time of preparation of the blood smear was important. An artifactual increase in platelet size was noted on blood films from 20 normal individuals that were prepared either immediately or 180 min after venipuncture. The clearest differentiation of patient categories was obtained with smears prepared 60 min after venipuncture using blood anticoagulated with K3EDTA. Under these conditions, normal size and morphology values were found in thrombocytopenic patients with aplasia or with increased splenic pooling. In contrast, large size values were a reliable finding in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura patients, whose platelet counts were less than 50,000/microleter. Large size values were also noted in patients with infiltrated bone marrows or myeloproliferative syndromes regardless of the platelet count. The last two groups usually showed abnormal platelet morphology with greater than 10% hypogranular platelets. Normal platelet size and morphology were observed in patients with iron-deficiency and megaloblastic anemias and in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and systemic lupus erythematosus who had normal platelet counts.

Geophysical evidence and inferred triggering factors of submarine landslides on the western continental margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Cukur ◽  
Seong-Pil Kim ◽  
Gee-Soo Kong ◽  
Jang-Jun Bahk ◽  
Senay Horozal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Margin ◽  
East Sea ◽  
Ulleung Basin ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Triggering Factors

scholarly journals Morphology of late Quaternary submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic continental margin

2009 ◽  
Vol 264 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Twichell ◽  
Jason D. Chaytor ◽  
Uri S. ten Brink ◽  
Brian Buczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Continental Margin ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Review of Submarine Landslides in the Eastern Indonesia Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hananto Kurnio ◽  
Tommy Naibaho ◽  
Catur Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Submarine Landslide ◽  
Submarine Landslides ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Bathymetric Data ◽  
Eastern Indonesia ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Common Process ◽  
Historical Times ◽  
Active Volcanoes

his paper reviews submarine landslide potential in the eastern Indonesia by analyzing published and recently acquired bathymetric data and interpreting seismic reflection data. This review aims to study and invent hazards that might affect seafloor infrastructure construction such as optic cables, especially in the eastern Indonesia Region. The hazards were also recognized as source of tsunamis such as Palu Bay 2018 and Babi Island north of Flores Island in 1992. On the other hand, submarine landslide is a common process of basin fill sedimentation in the region. As blessed with many active volcanoes, it has 130 of total the world 400, Indonesia should aware of tsunami induced by volcanoes especially the ones closed to the sea. There are five active volcanoes frequently produce tsunami in historical times: Anak Krakatau, Sunda Strait; Makian, Maluku Province; Sangihe, Sulawesi; Teon and Nila, Banda Sea; and Iliwerung, Lembata Island, east Lesser Sunda Islands.Key words: submarine landslide, volcanic tsunami, seafloor infrastructure, eastern Indonesia Makalah ini menelaah potensi langsoran dasar laut di wilayah Timur Indonesia melalui analisis publikasi dan data batimetri yang baru diambil serta penafsiran data seismic refleksi. Tinjauan longsoran dasar laut dimaksudkan untuk mempelajari dan menginventarisasi bencana yang mungkin bisa mempengaruhi pembangunan infrastruktur dasar laut seperti halnya kabel optic, terutama di wilayah Timur Indonesia. Bencana tersebut telah dikenal sebagai sumber beberapa tsunami seperti Teluk Palu 2018 dan Pulau Babi utara Lombok di tahun 1992. Sebaliknya, longsoran dasar laut merupakan proses sedimentasi pengisian cekungan yang biasa terjadi di wilayah tersebut. Dikarunia akan gunungapi terbanyak di dunia, sebab memiliki 130 dari 400 dunia, Indonesia harus menyadari bahaya tsunami yang ditimbulkan oleh aktivitas gunungapi terutama yang dekat laut. Terdapat lima gunungapi aktif yang sering menghasilkan tsunami dalam sejarah: Anak Krakatau, Selat Sunda; Makian, Provinsi Maluku; Sangihe, Sulawesi; Teon dan Nila, Laut Banda; dan Iliwerung, Pulau Lembata, Nusa Tenggara Timur.Kata kunci: longsoran dasar laut, tsunami gunungapi, infrastruktur dasar laut, Wilayah Indonesia Timur

scholarly journals Characterization of suspended solids in thermo-treated red musts

OENO One ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude Vernhet ◽  
Magali Bes ◽  
Delphine Bouissou ◽  
Stéphanie Carrillo ◽  
Jean-Marc Brillouet
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Vacuum Filtration ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Relationship

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: Thermo-treatment of grapes, followed by pressing and fermentation in liquid phase, is a growing practice in red winemaking to obtain light and fruity wines. Must clarification before fermentation, a key step to get the expected wine profile, is hardly controlled and strongly varies between different musts. To better understand this variability and its potential impact on quality, suspended solids in several red musts were characterized and the performances of different clarification techniques compared.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Results show a large variability in turbidity and total wet suspended solids between different raw and clarified musts, and a lack of correlation between these values. Clarification is always higher for vacuum filtration than for disk-stack or decanter centrifugation, with strong differences between musts for a given process. Despite a large size distribution, most of suspended particles are micronic and sub-micronic. TEM observations and analyses indicate that they are mostly membrane and organelle fragments along with (macro)molecular aggregates formed during juice extraction. Their overall composition differs from that found in white musts.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Particle heterogeneity and size distribution account for the difficulties encountered in red must clarification. Results also raise the question of the relationship between must turbidity and content in compounds likely to affect wine quality.  </p><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: This study constitutes a first characterization of suspended solids in thermo-treated red musts. It provides elements to (i) reason their clarification and (ii) identify the technological and qualitative impact of must suspended solids.

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