scholarly journals Pre-Olympic Ice-Skaters Training Versus Muscle Fatigability Assessed by sEMG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Pakosz ◽  
Anna Lukanova-Jakubowska ◽  
Mariusz Konieczny
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
National Team ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study was to investigate the size of the change in fatigability of gluteus maximus muscles during difficult endurance training in dynamic conditions. The research covered involved eight female athletes of the Polish National Team in short track, which had been prepared to the Olympic Games in PyeongChang. The sEMG system was used to measure fatigue of right and left gluteus maximus muscles, in the modified Biering-Sorensen test. The test was conducted five times during the training: before training, after warmup, and after each of 3 series of the endurance training. Comparing the mean frequency of the surface electromyography power spectrum of the first and the last seconds of the test, statistically significant reduction (p<0.05) of the average frequency value of the right muscle from 55.61±7.08 Hz to 48.64±4.48 Hz and left muscle from 58.78±4.98 Hz to 53.18±4.62 Hz was reported. In the conducted Biering-Sorensen test, the value of the muscle signal frequency measured by surface electromyography decreases, which may prove the muscle fatigue. Reductions in the frequency measured in the first and the last second of the test, was higher of the right lower limb. The size of the d Cohen effect in fatigue drops along with subsequent five tests during the training.

scholarly journals Asymmetrical fatiguing of the gluteus maximus muscles in the elite short-track female skaters.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Konieczny ◽  
Paweł Pakosz ◽  
Mateusz Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
National Team ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Gluteus Maximus Muscle ◽  
The Right ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Background: According to research, fast skating on short distances causes asymmetry in the physiology of muscle work. As has been proven in many sporting disciplines, this asymmetry can increase the risk of injury. The aim of the study was to analyze the level of right and left fatigue asymmetry of gluteus maximus muscle in elite skaters on a short track and to compare this phenomenon to a control group. The muscles were chosen deliberately, due to their influence in maintaining the right position during training on ice. Methods: The experiment compared a group of eight members of the Polish Women’s National Team in short track with a group of eight non-training people. The subjects did the Biering-Sorensen test, in which sEMG (surface electromyography) signal frequency was measured in the gluteus maximus muscles during an isometric contraction. Fatigue slopes were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA with repeated measures.. In the skaters, the fatigue differed between the right and the left gluteus maximus muscles. All the skaters had higher fatigue in the right leg. This phenomenon was not observed in the non-training subjects, who on average had similar fatigue in both legs. Results: The results suggest that professional short-track training leads to considerable asymmetry in fatigability of gluteus maximus muscles, thereby increasing the risk of injury in training and competition. Conclusions: Training should thus be planned in a way that minimizes the risk of causing muscle fatigue asymmetry in skaters despite the typically asymmetrical muscle work during training on ice and competition, thus new trainign protocols should be developed or considered to decrease that asymmetry. Trial registration: The tests were previously approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Chamber of Physicians in Opole. (Resolution No. 235 of 13 December 2016).

scholarly journals Asymmetrical fatiguing of the gluteus maximus muscles in the elite short-track female skaters.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Konieczny ◽  
Paweł Pakosz ◽  
Mateusz Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
National Team ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Gluteus Maximus Muscle ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background According to research, fast skating on short distances increases functional asymmetry of leg muscles. As has been proven in many sporting disciplines, this asymmetry can increase the risk of injury. The aim of the study was to analyze the level of right and left myolectrical manifestations of fatigue asymmetry of gluteus maximus muscle in elite skaters on a short track and to compare this phenomenon to a control group. The muscles were chosen deliberately, due to their influence in maintaining the right position during training on ice.Methods The experiment compared a group of eight members of the Polish Women’s National Team in short track with a group of eight non-training people. The subjects did the Biering-Sorensen test, in which sEMG (surface electromyography) signal frequency was measured in the gluteus maximus muscles during an isometric contraction. Myolectrical manifestations of fatigue slopes were analyzed with a ANOVA with repeated measures. In the skaters, the myolectrical manifestations of fatigue differed between the right and the left gluteus maximus muscles. All the skaters had higher myolectrical manifestations of fatigue in the right leg. This phenomenon was not observed in the non-training subjects, who on average had similar myolectrical manifestations of fatigue in both legs. Results Results showed that the right and the left muscles of the skaters in the experimental group differed in myolectrical manifestations of fatigue, but this difference was non-significant in the control group.The subjects from the two groups did not differ in the myolectrical manifestations of fatigue of the left muscle, they did in the myolectrical manifestations of fatigue of the right muscle. The elite speed-track skaters had higher myolectrical manifestations of fatigue in the right muscle than the non-training subjects.Conclusions Training should thus be planned in a way that minimizes the risk of causing muscle myolectrical manifestations of fatigue asymmetry in skaters despite the typically asymmetrical muscle work during training on ice and competition, thus new training protocols should be developed or considered to decrease that asymmetry.Trial registration The tests were previously approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Chamber of Physicians in Opole. (Resolution No. 235 of 13 December 2016).

scholarly journals Asymmetrical fatiguing of the gluteus maximus muscles in the elite short-track female skaters.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Konieczny ◽  
Paweł Pakosz ◽  
Mateusz Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
National Team ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Gluteus Maximus Muscle ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background According to research, fast skating on short distances increases functional asymmetry of leg muscles. As has been proven in many sporting disciplines, this asymmetry can increase the risk of injury. The aim of the study was to analyze the level of right and left fatigue asymmetry of gluteus maximus muscle in elite skaters on a short track and to compare this phenomenon to a control group. The muscles were chosen deliberately, due to their influence in maintaining the right position during training on ice.Methods The experiment compared a group of eight members of the Polish Women’s National Team in short track with a group of eight non-training people. The subjects did the Biering-Sorensen test, in which sEMG (surface electromyography) signal frequency was measured in the gluteus maximus muscles during an isometric contraction. Fatigue slopes were analyzed with a ANOVA with repeated measures. In the skaters, the fatigue differed between the right and the left gluteus maximus muscles. All the skaters had higher fatigue in the right leg. This phenomenon was not observed in the non-training subjects, who on average had similar fatigue in both legs. Results Results showed that the right and the left muscles of the skaters in the experimental group differed in fatigue, but this difference was non-significant in the control group.The subjects from the two groups did not differ in the fatigue of the left muscle, they did in the fatigue of the right muscle. The elite speed-track skaters had higher fatigue in the right muscle than the non-training subjects.Conclusions Training should thus be planned in a way that minimizes the risk of causing muscle fatigue asymmetry in skaters despite the typically asymmetrical muscle work during training on ice and competition, thus new training protocols should be developed or considered to decrease that asymmetry.Trial registration The tests were previously approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Chamber of Physicians in Opole. (Resolution No. 235 of 13 December 2016).

scholarly journals Asymmetrical fatiguing of the gluteus maximus muscles in the elite short-track female skaters.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Konieczny ◽  
Paweł Pakosz ◽  
Mateusz Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
National Team ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Gluteus Maximus Muscle ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background According to research, fast skating on short distances increases functional asymmetry of leg muscles. As has been proven in many sporting disciplines, this asymmetry can increase the risk of injury. The aim of the study was to analyze the level of right and left fatigue asymmetry of gluteus maximus muscle in elite skaters on a short track and to compare this phenomenon to a control group. The muscles were chosen deliberately, due to their influence in maintaining the right position during training on ice. Methods The experiment compared a group of eight members of the Polish Women’s National Team in short track with a group of eight non-training people. The subjects did the Biering-Sorensen test, in which sEMG (surface electromyography) signal frequency was measured in the gluteus maximus muscles during an isometric contraction. Fatigue slopes were analyzed with a ANOVA with repeated measures. In the skaters, the fatigue differed between the right and the left gluteus maximus muscles. All the skaters had higher fatigue in the right leg. This phenomenon was not observed in the non-training subjects, who on average had similar fatigue in both legs. Results Results showed that the right and the left muscles of the skaters in the experimental group differed in fatigue, but this difference was non-significant in the control group. The subjects from the two groups did not differ in the fatigue of the left muscle, they did in the fatigue of the right muscle. The elite speed-track skaters had higher fatigue in the right muscle than the non-training subjects. Conclusions Training should thus be planned in a way that minimizes the risk of causing muscle fatigue asymmetry in skaters despite the typically asymmetrical muscle work during training on ice and competition, thus new training protocols should be developed or considered to decrease that asymmetry. Trial registration The tests were previously approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Chamber of Physicians in Opole. (Resolution No. 235 of 13 December 2016).

scholarly journals Asymmetrical fatiguing of the gluteus maximus muscles in the elite short-track female skaters.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Konieczny ◽  
Paweł Pakosz ◽  
Mateusz Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
National Team ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Gluteus Maximus Muscle ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background According to research, fast skating on short distances increases functional asymmetry of leg muscles. As has been proven in many sporting disciplines, this asymmetry can increase the risk of injury. The aim of the study was to analyze the level of right and left myolectrical manifestations of fatigue asymmetry of gluteus maximus muscle in elite skaters on a short track and to compare this phenomenon to a control group. The muscles were chosen deliberately, due to their influence in maintaining the right position during training on ice.Methods The experiment compared a group of eight members of the Polish Women’s National Team in short track with a group of eight non-training people. The subjects did the Biering-Sorensen test, in which sEMG (surface electromyography) signal frequency was measured in the gluteus maximus muscles during an isometric contraction. Myolectrical manifestations of fatigue slopes were analyzed with a ANOVA with repeated measures. In the skaters, the myolectrical manifestations of fatigue differed between the right and the left gluteus maximus muscles. All the skaters had higher myolectrical manifestations of fatigue in the right leg. This phenomenon was not observed in the non-training subjects, who on average had similar myolectrical manifestations of fatigue in both legs. Results Results showed that the right and the left muscles of the skaters in the experimental group differed in myolectrical manifestations of fatigue, but this difference was non-significant in the control group.The subjects from the two groups did not differ in the myolectrical manifestations of fatigue of the left muscle, they did in the myolectrical manifestations of fatigue of the right muscle. The elite speed-track skaters had higher myolectrical manifestations of fatigue in the right muscle than the non-training subjects.Conclusions Training should thus be planned in a way that minimizes the risk of causing muscle myolectrical manifestations of fatigue asymmetry in skaters despite the typically asymmetrical muscle work during training on ice and competition, thus new training protocols should be developed or considered to decrease that asymmetry.Trial registration The tests were previously approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Chamber of Physicians in Opole. (Resolution No. 235 of 13 December 2016).

Conception of Assistive Equipment for Rehabilitation of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Lap Nam Wong ◽  
Yue Zhen Hong ◽  
Jian Feng Sui ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Lin Hong Ji
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Mobility is the urgent requisite of post spinal cord injury (SCI) patient. Since the alternative and compensatory approach is considered as the major function of mobility assistive device for post-SCI patients, the device should possess capability to acclimate to the ‘abnormal’ gait generate by the patients who usually undergo alternative and compensatory rehabilitation in their neural circuit. The functional ability of individual should be taking into account. Yet according to the requirement of neuro-protective treatment in post-SCI rehabilitation processing, locomotor-like activity is still an essential factor to patient. This study presents a novel concept and prototype of assistive technology base on foot control strategy to take an equilibrium between mobility and gait realization. To demonstrate that foot-induced over-ground locomotor assistive method is capable of achieving locomotor-like activity (dragging step), simulation analysis and prototype preliminary experiment have been conducted. Simulation analysis show that foot-induced assistance can allow more volitional activity compare to the hip-knee-induced assistive device. Yet the input and disturbance act on such kind of device may be increased. Surface electromyography (sEMG) from muscles of lower limb (right rectus femoris, right biceps femoris and right gluteus maximus) have been recorded during the preliminary experiment, and the mean of integrated EMG (iEMG) was used as evaluation of muscle activity. The result of the testing show that the mean of iEMG in the right gluteus maximus was reduced in the swing phase when the subject moving ahead with the prototype, but no significant change in the right rectus femoris. It may imply that foot-induced over-ground locomotor assistive device can reduce the muscle activity when patient complete locomotor-like movement and retain some amount of residual recruitment of lower limb, instead of substituting arbitrarily.

Quantifying Explosive Actions in International Women’s Soccer

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Meylan ◽  
Joshua Trewin ◽  
Kelly McKean
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Match Analysis ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
National Team ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Women's Soccer

The aims of the current study were to examine the external validity of inertial-based parameters (inertial movement analysis [IMA]) to detect multiplanar explosive actions during maximal sprinting and change of direction (COD) and to further determine its reliability, set appropriate magnitude bands for match analysis, and assess its variability during international women’s soccer matches. Twenty U20 female soccer players, wearing global positioning system (GPS) units with a built-in accelerometer, completed 3 trials of a 40-m sprint and a 20-m sprint with a change of direction to the right or left at 10 m. Furthermore, 13 women’s national-team players (157 files; 4–27 matches/player) were analyzed to ascertain match-to-match variability. Video synchronization indicated that the IMA signal was instantaneous with explosive movement (acceleration, deceleration, COD). Peak GPS velocity during the 40-m sprint showed similar reliability (coefficient of variation [CV] = 2.1%) to timing gates but increased before and after COD (CV = 4.5–13%). IMA variability was greater at the start of sprints (CV = 16–21%) than before and after COD (CV = 13–16%). IMA threshold for match analysis was set at 2.5 m · s–1 · s–1 by subtracting 1 SD from the mean IMA during sprint trials. IMA match variability (CV = 14%) differed from high-speed GPS metrics (35–60%). Practitioners are advised that timing lights should remain the gold standard for monitoring sprint and acceleration capabilities of athletes. However, IMA could be a reliable method to monitor explosive actions between matches and assess changes due to various factors such as congested schedule, tactics, heat, or altitude.

scholarly journals Asymmetry and changes in the neuromuscular profile of short-track athletes as a result of strength training

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261265
Author(s):  
Paweł Pakosz ◽  
Anna Lukanova-Jakubowska ◽  
Edyta Łuszczki ◽  
Mariusz Gnoiński ◽  
Oscar García-García
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Limb Muscles ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Monthly Period ◽  
Track Athletes ◽  
The Right

Background The purpose of this study was to identify the biomedical signals of short-track athletes by evaluating the effects of monthly strength training on changes in their neuromuscular profile, strength, and power parameters of the lower limb muscles. Muscle asymmetry, which can cause a risk of injury, was also evaluated. Methods and results This study involved female athletes, age 18.8 ± 2.7 years, with a height of 162 ± 2.4 cm, and weight of 55.9 ± 3.9 kg. Before and after the monthly preparatory period prior to the season, strength measurements were assessed through the Swift SpeedMat platform, and reactivity of the lower limb muscles was assessed with tensiomyography (TMG). The athletes were also tested before and after the recovery training period. In the test after strength training, all average countermovement jump (CMJ) results improved. Flight time showed an increase with a moderate to large effect, using both legs (5.21%). Among the TMG parameters, time contraction (Tc) changed globally with a decrease (-5.20%). Changes in the results of the test after recovery training were most often not significant. Conclusion A monthly period of strength training changes the neuromuscular profile of short-track female athletes, with no significant differences between the right and left lower limbs.

scholarly journals Comparing the hand grip power and creatine kinase levels of U-17 judo national team athletes before and after a 6-week strength training

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Soyal ◽  
Nuri M. Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Female Participant ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
National Team ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grip Power

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to compare the hand grip power and creatine kinase levels of male and female U-17 National Team Athletes before and after a 6-week strength training. Material and Methods. 15 female and 15 male U-17 athletes, who previously participated in international competitions, participated in our study. Besides the hand grip power and creatine kinase values, age, height, weight, and BMI (body mass index) values of the athletes were measured before and after the training. As the conclusion of the measurements, the mean age of the female participant athletes was determined as 14,93 years, their mean height was 158,3 cm, and the mean age of the male athletes was 15,73 years, while their mean height was 173,1 cm. Results: As the conclusion of the measurements, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences between the right hand grip power and left hand grip power parameters of male and female participant athletes measured before and after the 6-week training. Moreover, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test measurements of creatine kinase values of both male and female athletes (p> 0,05). Conclusions. As the conclusion, it was determined that the 6-week strength trainings applied to U-17 Judo National Team athletes caused significant changes in their hand grip power and creatine kinase values. The significant results obtained from our study are considered to be originated from the duration, scope, frequency, severity, and content of the training. 

TO EVALUATE THE CHANGES IN HIP JOINT RELATED TO LOWER LIMB DOMINANCE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HIP DISLOCATION

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 635-638
Author(s):  
NIAZ MOHAMMAD ◽  
MAQBOOL ILAHI ◽  
QAISAR ZAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Hip Dislocation ◽  
Congenital Dislocation ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Horizontal Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

BACKGROUND: The stability of a joint depends on the arrangement of the articular surfaces. Thefailure of acetabulum to deepen along with associated relaxed capsule can be a causative factor leadingto congenital dislocation of hip in babies. The right traumatic hip dislocation is less uncommon ascompared to left side in adults.OBJECTIVE: To correlate the majority of right-footed population with the bony parameters of hipjoint bilaterally and to find out its association with left congenital and right acquired traumaticdislocation of hip.MATERIAL AND METHODS: As the right footed people are considerably more (90%) than the leftfooted and this study work was correlated with the bones collected from cadavers in Anatomydepartment of KGMC Peshawar from January 2014 to December 2014. We included 14 pairs of femurs,14 pairs of hip bones in this study to see the structural differences when dominant hip joint is comparedwith non-dominant hip joints. The measurements were performed with the help of vernier caliper.RESULTS: The mean horizontal diameter of right (dominant) and left acetabulum was 50.14±0.69 mmand 52.35±0.65mm. The mean horizontal depth of right and left acetabulum was 22.21±0.82mm and25.25±0.52mm. The horizontal diameter of right and left femur was 46.42±0.62mm and 43.85±01mm.The thickness of femoral head was 26.71±01mm on right (dominant) side but this thickness was29.17±01mm on left side.CONCLUSION: The left acetabulum was having a significant larger diameter in adult, allowing thesmaller left femoral head to fit snugly which can be correlated with the more common left congenitaldislocation hip. On the other hand, in adults, the left acetabulum is deeper, allowing the thicker left headof femur as an adjustment for weight bearing functionwhile the larger rightfemoral head fit into acomparatively shallow socket. This may be a factor to improve mobility at the cost of stability; as righttraumatic dislocationhip is less uncommon as compared to left side.KEY WORDS: Hip joint, Ball and socket joint. Dominant lower limb, Right footedness,Left footedness, Congenital dislocation hip, Traumatic dislocation hip.

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