scholarly journals Agronomic Practices, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Popoola ◽  
David Igwe ◽  
Opeyemi Jegede ◽  
Victoria Iwu ◽  
Adegoke Adegbite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Physico Chemical

Evaluation of agronomic practices, genetic diversity and population structure of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) is crucial to its sustainable utilization to ensure food and nutritional security. Four agronomic practices of field preparation and soil analysis, regeneration, weeding and pruning, as well as harvesting, were adopted. Genetic diversity and population structure of 20 populations were evaluated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer pairs (E-ACC/M-CAC and E-ACA/M-CAG). The effects of agronomic practices on leaf quantity production were evaluated using standard procedures. The physico-chemical and morphological data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while genetic diversity, population structure, dendrogram reconstruction, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were analyzed from the AFLP genetic data. Significant effects (P ≤ 0.05) of agronomic practices on the quantity of leaf production were recorded across the accessions. The two primer pairs generated a total of 80 alleles with a mean major allele frequency of 0.0250. Gene diversity and polymorphic information content (PIC) values were high with a mean of 0.98 and 0.974, respectively. The Gst value of 0.0490 indicated that 5 % of the total genetic divergence was among the population while 95 % within the population. Dendrogram reconstruction with genetic distance ranging from 0.87 to 0.96 segregated the accessions into eleven clusters while PCA generated six cluster groups. Field preparation and physico-chemical soil properties, regeneration, weeding and pruning, and stand development, as well as harvesting, influenced the leaf yield and genetic diversity observed in this study. The genetic data revealed that some accessions were clustered along eco-geographical lines while others grouped disparately. Identified potential parent genotypes with valuable and desirable genetic traits can be exploited for commercial, breeding and conservation purposes to ensure sustainable utilization of the species in Nigeria.

Genetic diversity and population structure study of drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) using morphological and SSR markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 316-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhosh kumar Ganesan ◽  
Rakesh Singh ◽  
Debjani Roy Choudhury ◽  
Jyoti Bharadwaj ◽  
Veena Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Structure Study ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

scholarly journals Inference with selection, varying population size and evolving population structure: Application of ABC to a forward-backward coalescent process with interactions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clotilde Lepers ◽  
Sylvain Billiard ◽  
Matthieu Porte ◽  
Sylvie Méléard ◽  
Viet Chi Tran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Asexual Population ◽  
Y Chromosomes ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Approximate Bayesian

AbstractGenetic data are often used to infer history, demographic changes or detect genes under selection. Inferential methods are commonly based on models making various strong assumptions: demography and population structures are supposed a priori known, the evolution of the genetic composition of a population does not affect demography nor population structure, and there is no selection nor interaction between and within genetic strains. In this paper, we present a stochastic birth-death model with competitive interaction to describe an asexual population, and we develop an inferential procedure for ecological, demographic and genetic parameters. We first show how genetic diversity and genealogies are related to birth and death rates, and to how individuals compete within and between strains. This leads us to propose an original model of phylogenies, with trait structure and interactions, that allows multiple merging. Second, we develop an Approximate Bayesian Computation framework to use our model for analyzing genetic data. We apply our procedure to simulated and real data. We show that the procedure give accurate estimate of the parameters of the model. We finally carry an illustration on real data and analyze the genetic diversity of microsatellites on Y-chromosomes sampled from Central Asia populations in order to test whether different social organizations show significantly different fertility.

scholarly journals Conservation aspects of natural populations and captive-bred stocks of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and Dover sole (Solea solea) using estimates of genetic diversity

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Exadactylos ◽  
Mark J. Rigby ◽  
Audrey J. Geffen ◽  
John P. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Scophthalmus Maximus ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Solea Solea ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Turbot Scophthalmus Maximus ◽  
Dover Sole

Exadactylos, A., Rigby, M. J., Geffen, A. J., and Thorpe, J. P. 2007. Conservation aspects of natural populations and captive-bred stocks of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and Dover sole (Solea solea) using estimates of genetic diversity. – ICES Journal of marine Science, 64: 1173–1181. Population genetic analyses have been highly successful in predicting inter- and intraspecific evolutionary relationships, levels of gene flow, genetic divergence, and effective population sizes. Parameters estimated are evolutionary averages and are therefore relevant for addressing contemporary ecological or conservation issues. Changes in genetic variation within the range of a species may indicate patterns of population structure resulting from past ecological and demographic events that are otherwise difficult to infer, so may provide an insight into evolutionary development. Genetic data, drawn from 14 enzyme loci amplified from two populations of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and five populations of Dover sole (Solea solea) from the Irish Sea were used to examine population structure estimated from measures of genetic diversity. The aim was to provide an empirical assessment of whether artificial propagation poses a genetic threat to conservation of naturally spawning populations, and whether the fitness for natural spawning and rearing can be rapidly and substantially reduced or increased by artificial propagation. Because of prolonged overfishing, turbot and sole populations in the region are below natural levels, and survive in small local populations in fragmented habitats. Genetic data derived from allozymes have shown that populations are characterized by relatively low levels of genetic diversity. A hypothetical model supporting genetic population substructure, such as range expansion with founder-flush effects, and subsequent population decline with small effective population sizes was considered. Observations support our belief that conservation measures based on genetic diversity have to be developed to ensure the survival of this diverse gene pool.

scholarly journals Unexpected Absence of Population Structure and High Genetic Diversity of the Western Atlantic Hermit Crab Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1859 (Decapoda: Diogenidae) Based on Mitochondrial Markers and Morphological Data

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Keity S. Nishikawa ◽  
Mariana Negri ◽  
Fernando L. Mantelatto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Climate Fluctuations

Recent studies on genetic variability have revealed different patterns of genetic structure among populations of marine decapod species with wide geographical distribution. The hermit crab Clibanarius antillensis has a broad distribution along the western Atlantic Ocean, from south Florida (United States) to Santa Catarina (Brazil). This factor, in addition to differences in larval morphology and in adult coloration, makes this species a good model for studies on intraspecific variations. Therefore, we evaluated the molecular and morphological variability of C. antillensis along its distribution in order to check the levels of population structure. The results were based on the morphological analyses of 187 individuals and 38 partial sequences of the mitochondrial gene 16S rRNA and 46 of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) from specimens whose locations covered the whole species distribution. The molecular analyses did not show any apparent population structure of C. antillensis. This result was corroborated by the morphological analyses since the characters analyzed did not show any pattern of variation. Our results may be explained by a set of factors, such as the dispersive potential of the species and the absence of barriers that could prevent gene flow. In addition, high genetic diversity was observed, mainly for COI, which may be explained by the historical processes of the species, which seem to be in almost constant expansion in the last 700,000 years and experienced no genetic bottleneck. Apparently, this species was little affected by the climate fluctuations of Pleistocene. Additionally, our morphological analyses allowed us to present herein a redescription of the studied species since we noted differences from the characters in the diagnosis.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Moringa oleifera

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umbreen Shahzad ◽  
M. Awais Khan ◽  
Muhammad Jaffar Jaskani ◽  
Iqrar Ahmad Khan ◽  
Schuyler S. Korban
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Moringa Oleifera

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure among indigenous and imported goat breeds in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Ruth W Waineina ◽  
Kiplangat Ngeno ◽  
Tobias O. Okeno ◽  
Evans D. Ilatsia
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Founder Population ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Model Based Clustering ◽  
Polymorphic Snps ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
The Relationship

Population structure and relationship information among goats is critical for genetic improvement, utilization, and conservation. This study explored population structure and level of introgression among four goat breeds in Kenya: the indigenous Galla (n = 12) and three imported breeds, the Alpine (n = 29), Toggenburg (n = 31), and Saanen (n = 24). Genetic diversity was analyzed using four indices (polymorphic SNPs, mean allele frequency, observed and expected heterozygosity and inbreeding coefficient) within each breed. Population structure assessed using model-based clustering (ADMIXTURE) revealed four breeds according to their geographic regions in Kenya. Kenyan Alpine goats were the most admixed breed with about 10 % of its genome derived from Galla, 10 % and 6 % from Saanen and Toggenburg respectively. The association of Galla with other breeds was anticipated since the Galla breed was used as the founder population for crossbreeding with Saanen, Alpine and Toggenburg breeds. The relationship information evaluated by computing Reynolds genetic distance revealed five distinctive clusters: Alpine, Galla, Saanen, Toggenburg and some mixture of Alpine and Toggenburg. Saanen and Galla breeds seem to be the most genetically distinct among the sampled populations. The genetic variation among the goat populations observed will provide a good opportunity for sustainable utilization, conservation, and future genetic resource improvement programmes in goat breeds in Kenya.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Populus yunnanensis revealed by SSR markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anpei Zhou ◽  
Dan Zong ◽  
Peihua Gan ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Ssr Markers
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