scholarly journals Small Ruminants and Its Use in Regenerative Medicine: Recent Works and Future Perspectives.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui D. Alvites ◽  
Mariana Vieira Branquinho ◽  
Ana Catarina Sousa ◽  
Bruna Lopes ◽  
Patrícia Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Feeding Costs ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Physiological Systems

Medical and translational scientific research requires the use of animal models as an initial approach to the study of new therapies and treatments, but when the objective is an exploration of translational potentialities, classical models fail to adequately mimic problems in humans. Among the larger animal models that have been explored more intensely in recent decades, small ruminants, namely sheep and goats, have emerged as excellent options. The main advantages associated to the use of these animals in research works are related to their anatomy and dimensions very similar to those of humans in most physiological systems, in addition to their low maintenance and feeding costs, tendency to be docile, long life expectancies and few ethical complications raised in society. The most obvious disadvantages are the significant differences in some systems such as the gastrointestinal, and the reduced amount of data that limits the comparison between works and the validation of the characterization essays. Despite everything, recently these species have been increasingly used as animal models for diseases in different systems, and the results obtained open doors for their more frequent and advantageous use in the future. The purpose of this review is to summarize the general principles related to the use of small ruminants as animal models, with focus on regenerative medicine, to group the most relevant works and results published recently and to highlight the potentials for the near future in medical research.

scholarly journals Small Ruminants and Its Use in Regenerative Medicine: Recent Works and Future Perspectives

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Rui Damásio Alvites ◽  
Mariana Vieira Branquinho ◽  
Ana Catarina Sousa ◽  
Bruna Lopes ◽  
Patrícia Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Feeding Costs ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Physiological Systems

Medical and translational scientific research requires the use of animal models as an initial approach to the study of new therapies and treatments, but when the objective is an exploration of translational potentialities, classical models fail to adequately mimic problems in humans. Among the larger animal models that have been explored more intensely in recent decades, small ruminants, namely sheep and goats, have emerged as excellent options. The main advantages associated to the use of these animals in research works are related to their anatomy and dimensions, larger than conventional laboratory animals, but very similar to those of humans in most physiological systems, in addition to their low maintenance and feeding costs, tendency to be docile, long life expectancies and few ethical complications raised in society. The most obvious disadvantages are the significant differences in some systems such as the gastrointestinal, and the reduced amount of data that limits the comparison between works and the validation of the characterization essays. Despite everything, recently these species have been increasingly used as animal models for diseases in different systems, and the results obtained open doors for their more frequent and advantageous use in the future. The purpose of this review is to summarize the general principles related to the use of small ruminants as animal models, with a focus on regenerative medicine, to group the most relevant works and results published recently and to highlight the potentials for the near future in medical research.

Nano sensors: Designing and Fabrication, Applications for flexible devices and Future Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Tahir ◽  
Aleena Shoukat ◽  
Tahir Iqbal ◽  
Asma Ayub ◽  
Saff-e Awal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Flexible Devices ◽  
More Care ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Nano Sensors ◽  
Mechanical Sensor ◽  
Small Models ◽  
Near Future

: The field of nanosensors has been gaining a lot of attention due to its properties such as mechanical and electrical ever since its first discovery by Dr. Wolter and first mechanical sensor in 1994. The rapidly growing demand of nanosensors has become profitable for a multidisciplinary approach in designing and fabrication of materials and strategies for potential applications. Frequent stimulating advancements are being suggested and established in recent years and thus heading towards multiple applications including food safety, healthcare, environmental monitoring, and biomedical research. Nanofabrication being an efficient method has been used in different industries like medical pharmaceutical for their complex functional geometry at a lower scale. These nanofabrications apply through different methods. There are five most commonly known methods which are frequently used, including top-down lithography, molecular self-assembly, bottom-up assembly, heat and pull method for fabrication of biosensors, etching for fabrication of nanosensors etc. Nanofabrication help at the nanoscale to design and work with small models. But these models due to their small size and being sensitive need more care for use as well as more training and experience to do work with. All methods used for nanofabrication are good and helpful. But more preferred is molecular self-assembly as it is helpful in mass production. Nanofabrication has become an emerging and developing field and it assumed that in near future our world is known by the new devices of nanofabrication.

scholarly journals “Our” Bodies: Property Rights in Human Tissue

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan M. Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Many ◽  
Economic Goods ◽  
The University ◽  
Near Future

AbstractIn Moore v. Regents of the University of California, the Supreme Court of California held that the human source of blood and tissue used by his physician and other defendants in potentially lucrative medical research without his permission could not assert a legal claim that, in doing so, the defendants had deprived him of any property right in these materials or the cell line developed from them. He was, however, permitted to proceed with his claim that there had been a failure to obtain his informed consent to the excision or removal of these materials, given that their end uses were not disclosed. The decision in Moore is but one example of the range of new legal problems created by the many and rapid advances in biotechnology, and of the attempts courts are making to respond. The judgment raises questions about whether these types of issues as between the patient and medical, research, and pharmaceutical concerns can or ought to be analyzed in terms of property rights. Are the general justifications for recognizing proprietary rights that have traditionally been influential in judicial decisions useful or helpful in this context? And what of the identity of the decision-maker? In Moore, the majority was content to effectively delegate much of the decision-making authority to the U.S. Patent Office and the Office of Technology Assessment. While there are no Canadian decisions directly on point as yet, the pace of technological advances, the potential for economic gain, and the international nature of biotechnology enterprises all set the scene for these issues' coming before our courts in the near future. This paper begins to explore the implications of adopting an analytical model based on property rights and to address the fact that the biotechnology industry already operates on the premise that such material can be owned. It concludes that the current legal regime needs to be modified to allow effective control of these new realities and suggests principles that might be adopted to address important concerns that are raised by the transformation of human tissue and cells into economic goods.

scholarly journals Animal models of hospital-acquired pneumonia: current practices and future perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 132-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny Bielen ◽  
Bart ’S Jongers ◽  
Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar ◽  
Philippe G. Jorens ◽  
Herman Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Current Practices

scholarly journals Physiological importance of NGLY1, as revealed by rodent model analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhiko Fujihira ◽  
Makoto Asahina ◽  
Tadashi Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Control System ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Physiological Importance ◽  
Glycan Degradation

Summary Cytosolic peptide:N-glycanase (NGLY1) is an enzyme that cleaves N-glycans from glycoproteins that has been retrotranslocated from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen into the cytosol. It is known that NGLY1 is involved in the degradation of cytosolic glycans (non-lysosomal glycan degradation) as well as ER-associated degradation (ERAD), a quality control system for newly synthesized glycoproteins. The discovery of NGLY1 deficiency, which is caused by mutations in the human NGLY1 gene and results in multisystemic symptoms, has attracted interest in the physiological functions of NGLY1 in mammals. Studies using various animal models led to the identification of possible factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of NGLY1 deficiency. In this review, we summarize phenotypic consequences that have been reported for various Ngly1-deficient rodent models, and discuss future perspectives to provide more insights into the physiological functions of NGLY1.

Editor Note Volume 3 Issue 1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian James Martins
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Medical Researchers ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
High Standards

The articles published in Volume 3, Issue 1 maintain the high standards for peer-reviewed journals. These articles are related to Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Animal Models, COVID-19 vaccines, Dentistry Data Analytics, and the Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19 in children. The effort and expertise of these authors contribute to clinical and medical research and is the cornerstone of the scientific process with relevance to peer-review by medical researchers and healthcare professionals. The research questions in these articles are important and appropriate to the journal and adhere to journal standards and to the top 10% of papers published in the medical field.

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