scholarly journals Multi-Layer Graphene Oxide in Human Keratinocytes: Time-Dependent Cytotoxicity, Proliferation, and Gene Expression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Salesa ◽  
Ángel Serrano-Aroca
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Few Layer Graphene ◽  
Median Effective Concentration

Few-layer graphene oxide (GO) has shown none or very weak cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects in a wide range of cell lines such as glyoma cells and human skin HaCaT cells, in concentrations up to 100 µg/mL However, multi-layer GO has been hardly explored in the biomedical field. Thus, multi-layer GO was examined here in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells treated with different concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 150 µg/mL during different periods of times (3, 12 and 24 hours). The results of this study showed a time-concentration dependence with two non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.01 and 0.05 µg/mL) and a median effective concentration value of 4.087 µg/mL at 24 hours of GO exposure. Contrary to what has been reported for few-layer GO, cell proliferation of the HaCaT cells in contact with the multi-layer GO at 0.01 μg/mL showed identical proliferative activity compared to an epidermal growth factor (1.6-fold greater than the control group) after 96 hours. The effects of the multi-layer GO on the expression of 13 genes (SOD1, CAT, MMP1, TGFB1, GPX1, FN1, HAS2, LAMB1, LUM, CDH1, COL4A1, FBN and VCAN) at the non-cytotoxic concentrations of GO in the HaCaT cells were analyzed after 24 hours. Thus, the lowest non-cytotoxic GO concentration was able to up-regulate the CAT, TGFB1, FN1 and CDH1 genes, which confirms the great potential of multi-layer GO in the biomedical field.

scholarly journals Multi-Layer Graphene Oxide in Human Keratinocytes: Time-Dependent Cytotoxicity, Proliferation, and Gene Expression

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Beatriz Salesa ◽  
Ángel Serrano-Aroca
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Few Layer Graphene ◽  
Median Effective Concentration

Few-layer graphene oxide (GO) has shown no or very weak cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects in a wide range of cell lines, such as glioma cells and human skin HaCaT cells at concentrations up to 100 µg/mL. However, as multi-layer GO has hardly been explored in the biomedical field, in this study, this other type of GO was examined in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells treated with different concentrations, ranging from 0.01 to 150 µg/mL, for different periods of time (3, 12, and 24 h). The results revealed a time–concentration dependence with two non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.01 and 0.05 µg/mL) and a median effective concentration value of 4.087 µg/mL at 24 h GO exposure. Contrary to what has previously been reported for few-layer GO, cell proliferation of the HaCaT cells in contact with the multi-layer GO at 0.01 μg/mL showed identical proliferative activity to an epidermal growth factor (1.6-fold greater than the control group) after 96 h. The effects of the multi-layer GO on the expression of 13 genes (SOD1, CAT, MMP1, TGFB1, GPX1, FN1, HAS2, LAMB1, LUM, CDH1, COL4A1, FBN, and VCAN) at non-cytotoxic concentrations of GO in the HaCaT cells were analyzed after 24 h. The lowest non-cytotoxic GO concentration was able to upregulate the CAT, TGFB1, FN1, and CDH1 genes, which confirms multi-layer GO’s great potential in the biomedical field.

Facile Synthesis of Few-Layer Graphene Oxide from Cinnamomum camphora

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Athiyanam Venkatesan Ramya ◽  
Neethu Joseph ◽  
Manoj Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

Oil Lubricant Tribological Behaviour Improvement Through Dispersion of Few Layer Graphene Oxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 4960-4968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sarno ◽  
Adolfo Senatore ◽  
Claudia Cirillo ◽  
Vincenzo Petrone ◽  
Paolo Ciambelli
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

scholarly journals Structural Investigation of the Synthesized Few-Layer Graphene from Coal under Microwave

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Faridul Islam ◽  
Arash Tahmasebi ◽  
Behdad Moghtaderi ◽  
Jianglong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Structural Investigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Thin Sheets ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Few Layer Graphene ◽  
Microwave Heat

This study focused on the structural investigation of few-layer graphene (FLG) synthesis from bituminous coal through a catalytic process under microwave heat treatment (MW). The produced FLG has been examined by Raman spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, and AFM. Coal was activated using the potassium hydroxide activation process. The FLG synthesis processing duration was much faster requiring only 20 min under the microwave radiation. To analyse few-layer graphene samples, we considered the three bands, i.e., D, G, and 2D, of Raman spectra. At 1300 °C, the P10% Fe sample resulted in fewer defects than the other catalyst percentages sample. The catalyst percentages affected the structural change of the FLG composite materials. In addition, the Raman mapping showed that the catalyst loaded sample was homogeneously distributed and indicated a few-layer graphene sheet. In addition, the AFM technique measured the FLG thickness around 4.5 nm. Furthermore, the HRTEM images of the P10% Fe sample contained a unique morphology with 2–7 graphitic layers of graphene thin sheets. This research reported the structural revolution with latent feasibility of FLG synthesis from bituminous coal in a wide range.

scholarly journals Green Exfoliation of Graphite Flakes to Efficiently Synthesize Biographene

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Losada-Garcia ◽  
Angel Berenguer-Murcia ◽  
Diego Cazorla-Amorós ◽  
Jose M Palomo
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bilayer Graphene ◽  
Thermomyces Lanuginosus ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Hydrophobic Surfaces ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

<p>A new simple, rapid, and efficient methodology to produce undamaged graphene sheets from graphite flakes in water by a bio-exfoliation technology is described. The methodology consists in the application of a lipase, with a very exclusive mechanism of interaction with hydrophobic surfaces, combined with a previous mechanical sonication, to selectively generate biographene in water. The adsorption of the lipase on the graphene sheets permits to keep the sheets separated in comparison with other methods. It is possible to obtain more than 80% of graphene (in the form of Few Layer Graphene) from low-cost graphite and with less damage compared to commercial graphene oxide (GO) or reduced GO. Experimental analysis demonstrated the formation of bilayer graphene mainly using lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL).</p>

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