Interspecies Behavioral Variability of Medaka Fish Assessed by Comparative Phenomics

Recently, medaka has been used as a model organism in various research fields. However, even though it possesses several advantages over zebrafish, fewer studies were done in medaka than zebrafish, especially its behaviour. Thus, to provide more information regarding its behaviour and to demonstrate the be-havioural differences between several species of medaka, we compared the behavioural performance and biomarker expression in the brain between four medaka fishes, which were Oryzias latipes, O. dancena, O. woworae, and O. sinensis. From the results, we found that each medaka species explicitly exhib-ited different behaviours to each other, which might be related to the different basal levels of several biomarkers. Furthermore, by phenomics and ge-nomic-based clustering, the differences between these medaka fishes were further investigated. Interestingly, even though both phenomics and ge-nomic-based clustering showed some resemblances to each other in terms of the interspecies relationship between medaka and zebrafish, however, in the medaka interspecies comparisons, this similarity was not displayed. Therefore, these results suggest a re-interpretation of several prior studies in comparative biology. We hope that these results contribute to the growing database of medaka fish phenotypes and provide one of the foundations for future phe-nomics studies of medaka fish.

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Interspecies Behavioral Variability of Medaka Fish Assessed by Comparative Phenomics

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22115686 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 5686

Author(s):

Gilbert Audira ◽

Petrus Siregar ◽

Kelvin H.-C. Chen ◽

Marri Jmelou M. Roldan ◽

Jong-Chin Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Model Organism ◽

Behavioral Variability ◽

Comparative Biology ◽

Behavioral Performance ◽

Medaka Fish ◽

Behavioral Differences ◽

Research Fields ◽

The Brain ◽

Nd2 Gene ◽

Oryzias Dancena

Recently, medaka has been used as a model organism in various research fields. However, even though it possesses several advantages over zebrafish, fewer studies were done in medaka compared to zebrafish, especially with regard to its behavior. Thus, to provide more information regarding its behavior and to demonstrate the behavioral differences between several species of medaka, we compared the behavioral performance and biomarker expression in the brain between four medaka fishes, Oryzias latipes, Oryzias dancena, Oryzias woworae, and Oryzias sinensis. We found that each medaka species explicitly exhibited different behaviors to each other, which might be related to the different basal levels of several biomarkers. Furthermore, by phenomics and genomic-based clustering, the differences between these medaka fishes were further investigated. Here, the phenomic-based clustering was based on the behavior results, while the genomic-based clustering was based on the sequence of the nd2 gene. As we expected, both clusterings showed some resemblances to each other in terms of the interspecies relationship between medaka and zebrafish. However, this similarity was not displayed by both clusterings in the medaka interspecies comparisons. Therefore, these results suggest a re-interpretation of several prior studies in comparative biology. We hope that these results contribute to the growing database of medaka fish phenotypes and provide one of the foundations for future phenomics studies of medaka fish.

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Sex-Linked Inheritance of thelfLocus in the Medaka Fish (Oryzias latipes)

ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE ◽

10.2108/zsj.15.123 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 123-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Hironori Wada ◽

Atsuko Shimada ◽

Shoji Fukamachi ◽

Kiyoshi Naruse ◽

Akihiro Shima

Keyword(s):

Oryzias Latipes ◽

Medaka Fish

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Diving into the world of alcohol teratogenesis: a review of zebrafish models of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/bcb-2017-0122 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 88-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Yohaan Fernandes ◽

Desire M. Buckley ◽

Johann K. Eberhart

Keyword(s):

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ◽

Model Organism ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Structural Defects ◽

Craniofacial Skeleton ◽

Fetal Alcohol ◽

Embryonic Exposure ◽

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum ◽

The Brain ◽

Insight Into

The term fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) refers to the entire suite of deleterious outcomes resulting from embryonic exposure to alcohol. Along with other reviews in this special issue, we provide insight into how animal models, specifically the zebrafish, have informed our understanding of FASD. We first provide a brief introduction to FASD. We discuss the zebrafish as a model organism and its strengths for alcohol research. We detail how zebrafish has been used to model some of the major defects present in FASD. These include behavioral defects, such as social behavior as well as learning and memory, and structural defects, disrupting organs such as the brain, sensory organs, heart, and craniofacial skeleton. We provide insights into how zebrafish research has aided in our understanding of the mechanisms of ethanol teratogenesis. We end by providing some relatively recent advances that zebrafish has provided in characterizing gene-ethanol interactions that may underlie FASD.

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Triadic body representations in the human cerebral cortex and peripheral nerves

10.1093/oso/9780198851721.003.0009 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 133-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noriaki Kanayama ◽

Kentaro Hiromitsu

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Nerves ◽

Sensory Modality ◽

Body Schema ◽

Body Representation ◽

Neural System ◽

The Body ◽

Neural Representation ◽

Structural Description ◽

Research Fields ◽

The Brain

Is the body reducible to neural representation in the brain? There is some evidence that the brain contributes to the functioning of the body from neuroimaging, neurophysiological, and lesion studies. Well-known dyadic taxonomy of the body schema and the body image (hereafter BSBI) is based primarily on the evidence in brain-damaged patients. Although there is a growing consensus that the BSBI exists, there is little agreement on the dyadic taxonomy because it is not a concrete and common concept across various research fields. This chapter tries to investigate the body representation in the cortex and nervous system in terms of sensory modality and psychological function using two different approaches. The first approach is to review the neurological evidence and cortical area which is related to body representation, regardless of the BSBI, and then to reconsider how we postulate the BSBI in our brain. It can be considered that our body representation could be constructed by the whole of the neural system, including the cortex and peripheral nerves. The second approach is to revisit the BSBI conception from the viewpoint of recent neuropsychology and propose three types of body representation: body schema, body structural description, and body semantics. This triadic taxonomy is considered consistent with the cortical networks based on the evidence of bodily disorders due to brain lesions. These two approaches allow to reconsider the BSBI more carefully and deeply and to give us the possibility that the body representation could be underpinned with the network in the brain.

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