scholarly journals Do Remittances Affect Politics in Bangladesh?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gazi Mainul Hassan ◽  
Shafiqur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Structural Var ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Important Impact ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Permanent Effect ◽  
Political Variables

This paper examines how remittances contribute to the democratisation process in Bangladesh. The endogeneity issue between remittances and democracy is tackled by employing the Structural VAR (SVAR) approach. It is found that while remittances respond to innovations in the macro-political variables, remittances also have important impact on these variables. Our results build a synergy between two opposing findings in the politics literature where on one hand remittances flows stabilise autocracies, while on the other hand they foster the prospect for democratisation. In particular, we demonstrate that a shock in remittances flows will have a negative but transitory impact on democracy. Initially there will be a bout of autocratic episodes which will be eventually eliminated and democracy will be restored to its original level in three to five years. However, using an alternative measure for democracy with the aid of principal-component analysis, we find that after the fifth year following a shock in remittances flows, a small but positive permanent effect on democracy is observable that do not revert to zero at end of the ten period horizon.

scholarly journals VARIASI MORFOMETRIK DAN ALLOZYME CALON INDUK RAJUNGAN, Portunus pelagicus DARI BEBERAPA PERAIRAN DI INDONESIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Gusti Ngurah Permana ◽  
Sari Budi Moria ◽  
Haryanti Haryanti ◽  
Bambang Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Portunus Pelagicus ◽  
Central Java ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Other Hand

Sampel diambil dari empat populasi rajungan yang berbeda yaitu Sulawesi Selatan, Jawa Timur, Jawa Tengah, dan Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui variasi morfometrik dan allozyme dari calon induk rajungan. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu variasi genetik rata-rata keempat populasi sangat rendah (0,0025). Rajungan dari Jawa Tengah dan Bali mempunyai nilai heterosigositas tertinggi yaitu 0,004 sedangkan populasi Sulawesi Selatan dan Jawa Timur (0,001). Jarak genetik populasi Jawa Timur dan Bali (0,0013), kemudian Jawa Tengah (0,0016), dan Sulawesi Selatan (0,002). Uji analisis komponen utama (Principal component analysis, PCA), menunjukkan bahwa secara morfometrik rajungan jantan dan betina yang berasal dari populasi Cilacap-Jawa Tengah dan P. Saugi-Sulawesi Selatan dapat membentuk satu sub populasi yang sama, sebaliknya populasi asal Negara-Bali membentuk sub populasi tersendiri. Korelasi yang erat antara nisbah panjang dan lebar karapas terhadap bobot tubuh ditemukan pada populasi P. Saugi-Sulawesi Selatan dan Cilacap-Jawa Tengah sebaliknya pada populasi Negara-Bali mempunyai korelasi yang rendah.Samples were collected from South Sulawesi, Central Java, East Java, and Bali. Genetic variation from allozyme was consistently low in all populations (0.0025) This research aimed to know morphometric and allozyme variation of Swimming Blue Crab, Portunus pelagicus from Indonesian waters. Population from Central Java and Bali had the highest heterozigosity value (0.004) compare to those from South Sulawesi and East Java (0.001). Sample cluster according to the pair’s genetic distance showe that East Java and Bali population has the smallest value (0.0013). By contrast, the largest value was observed in Central Java (0.0016) and South Sulawesi population (0.002). Principal Component Analysis showed that morphometrically male and female swimming blue crabs from Saugi and Cilacap population can build one identical subpopulation On the other hand population originated from Negara made a separate subpopulation There high correlation between carapace length and width ratio on population of P. Saugi-South Sulawesi and Cilacap-Central Java, on the other hand, Negara-Bali population had a low correlation.

scholarly journals Assessment of environmental risk from polluted organic wastewater in Long Thanh Industrial Park with the Nemerow index and Principal component Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-138
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Pca Method

This study aims to assess environmental risk using the improved Nemerow index and the principal component analysis (PCA) method in Long Thanh's Industrial Park in Dong Nai Province. The study was implemented in five industrial parks of Long Thanh District in 2019. The result showed that Loc An - Binh Son industrial park was at extreme high risk of the level (6.7). Three industrial parks of Long Thanh, Go Dau and An Phuoc were high-risk (from 3 to 5) respectively. On the other hand, Long Duc Industrial Park has obtained no environmental risk.

Chemical Structure-Odor Correlation in Series of Synthetic Methylene Interrupted n-Nonadien-1-ols

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Sakoda ◽  
Kenji Matsui ◽  
Yoshihiko Akakabe ◽  
Jun Suzuki ◽  
Akikazu Hatanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
In Series ◽  
Natural Characteristic

Abstract Chemical structure-odor correlations in the isomers of n-C9-methylene interrupted dienols were explored using synthetic nine isomers of these alcohols. The synthetic dienols were purified by recrystallization or column chromatography of their 3,5-dinitrobenzoate de­ rivatives. Chemical structure-odor correlations in all the isomers of the purified n-nonadien-1-ols were analyzed by treating the data obtained statistically with the principal component analysis method (Sakoda et al., 1995; Cramer et al., 1988) in comparison with those of n-nonen-1-ols. The odor profiles of the n-nonadien-1-ols were attributable largely to the geometries of the isomers, compared with n-nonen -1-ols (Sakoda et al., 1995). With the principal component analysis, the odor profiles of the series of the dienols were successfully integrated into the first and the second principal components. The first component (PC 1) consisted of combined characteristics of fruity, fresh, sweet, herbal and oily-fatty, and the second component (PC 2) leaf or grassy and vegetable-like. Of the methylene interrupted dienol isomers, (2E ,6Z)-and (3Z,6Z)-nonadien-1-ols which are natural products and have (6Z) in the same, deviated markedly from the other isomers as seen in (6Z)-nonen -1-ol of n-nonen-1-ols. That suggests that the double bond of (ω3Z) was an important factor for natural characteristic odor.

ROBUST ADAPTED PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS FOR FACE RECOGNITION

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 491-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAOKANG CHEN ◽  
BRIAN C. LOVELL ◽  
TING SHAN
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Face Image ◽  
The Other ◽  
Appearance Model ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Gallery Image

Recognizing faces with uncontrolled pose, illumination, and expression is a challenging task due to the fact that features insensitive to one variation may be highly sensitive to the other variations. Existing techniques dealing with just one of these variations are very often unable to cope with the other variations. The problem is even more difficult in applications where only one gallery image per person is available. In this paper, we describe a recognition method, Adapted Principal Component Analysis (APCA), that can simultaneously deal with large variations in both illumination and facial expression using only a single gallery image per person. We have now extended this method to handle head pose variations in two steps. The first step is to apply an Active Appearance Model (AAM) to the non-frontal face image to construct a synthesized frontal face image. The second is to use APCA for classification robust to lighting and pose. The proposed technique is evaluated on three public face databases — Asian Face, Yale Face, and FERET Database — with images under different lighting conditions, facial expressions, and head poses. Experimental results show that our method performs much better than other recognition methods including PCA, FLD, PRM and LTP. More specifically, we show that by using AAM for frontal face synthesis from high pose angle faces, the recognition rate of our APCA method increases by up to a factor of 4.

scholarly journals The earliest record of fossil solid-wood-borer larvae—immature beetles in 99 million-year-old Myanmar amber

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLIN HAUG ◽  
GIDEON T. HAUG ◽  
ANA ZIPPEL ◽  
SERITA VAN DER WAL ◽  
JOACHIM T. HAUG
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Fourier Transformation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wood Borer

Interactions between animals and plants represent an important driver of evolution. Especially the group Insecta has an enormous impact on plants, e.g., by consuming them. Among beetles, the larvae of different groups (Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, partly Eucnemidae) bore into wood and are therefore called wood-borer larvae or borers. While adults of these beetle groups are well known in the fossil record, there are barely any fossils of the corresponding larvae. We report here four new wood-borer larvae from Cretaceous Kachin amber (Myanmar, ca. 99 Ma). To compare these fossils with extant wood-borer larvae, we reconstructed the body outline and performed shape analysis via elliptic Fourier transformation and a subsequent principal component analysis. Two of the new larvae plot closely together and clearly in the same area as modern representatives of Buprestidae. As they furthermore lack legs, they are interpreted as representatives of Buprestidae. The other two new larvae possess legs and plot far apart from each other. They are more difficult to interpret; they may represent larvae of early offshoots of either Cerambycidae or Buprestidae, which still retain longer legs. These findings represent the earliest fossil record of larvae of Buprestidae and possibly of Cerambycidae known to date.

scholarly journals Morphological Variability and Storage Root Productivity of Some Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam) Genotypes in An Ultisol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamaliel I. Harry ◽  
Joseph I. Ulasi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
And Storage

Ten sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) genotypes sourced from National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike were evaluated under rainfed condition in 2020 and 2021 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State to ascertain variability among ten sweet potato genotypes and identify traits which are positively and significantly associated with yield and also identify genotypes with high yield potential for cultivation on an ultisol of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The ten genotypes: TIS87/0087, Naspoy-12, Umuspo-4, Umuspo-1, Naspoy-11, Lourdes, Erica, Delvia, Ex-Igbariam and Umuspo-3 were used as treatments and the experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance, correlation and principal component analysis. The genotype differs significantly (P≤ 0.05) for number of marketable roots, weight of marketable roots and fresh roots yield. UMUSPO-3 was superior over all the other genotypes for the following character; number of marketable roots, weight of marketable root yield and fresh root yield. Umuspo-3 produced the highest storage root yield (28.78t/ha, 27.09t/ha) in 2020 and 2021 cropping seasons, respectively. The result of the correlation analysis also revealed that vine length, number of marketable roots, weight of marketable were highly significantly and positively (P<0.01) correlated with fresh root yield. Principal component analysis (PCA) had four main principal components explaining 81.55% of the total variation with number of marketable roots, weight of marketable tuber and storage root yield contributing the most to the first PCA. Umuspo-3 outperformed the other nine sweet potato genotypes in yield and yield related characters. Therefore, Umuspo-3 been a high yielding genotype adaptable to Uyo agro-ecology, could be recommended to sweet potato growers for fresh storage root production.

scholarly journals Rhamnella brachycarpa (Rhamnaceae), a new species from Hainan Island, China

PhytoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Lu ◽  
Yongshuai Sun
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
A New Species

Rhamnella brachycarpa Z. Qiang Lu &amp; Y. Shuai Sun, a new evergreen woody species from Hainan Island, is described and illustrated. The specimens of this new species have previously been identified and placed under R. rubrinervis (H. Lév.) Rehder, with which it shares evergreen leaves, erect and climbing habits and axillary flowering branches with bracteole leaves. However, the specimens from three distinct Hainan populations significantly differ from those of R. rubrinervis from other regions with smaller length to width ratios of leaves, fruit and seeds, smaller sizes of fruit and seeds and mucronate seed apices. Principal Component Analysis of the closely related taxa, based on multiple morphological characters, further recognised two separated groups. One of them comprises R. tonkinensis and R. rubrinervis, the other merely includes all individuals from these distinct Hainan populations. Therefore, R. brachycarpa, based on these distinct Hainan populations, is here erected as a new species, distinctly different from its published relatives.

scholarly journals On the use and abuse of principal component analysis in biomechanics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cleather
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Reduction Technique ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Basis ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Data Reduction Technique

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a data reduction technique that is increasingly popular within biomechanics. However, a majority of the literature that has used PCA has employed a methodology that is less strongly aligned to the philosophical basis of the technique, and that may not yield the most practically interpretable results. In this technical report I exemplify the two approaches to PCA that have been used in the biomechanics literature, and argue that one method may be superior to the other for the majority of biomechanical applications.

La variabilité morphologique des taxons marocains du genre Ornithogalum sous-genre Heliocharmos : une étude biométrique

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2178-2186 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Moret ◽  
H. Couderc ◽  
R. Gorenflot ◽  
J. M. Hubac
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reproduction Biology ◽  
Group Form

Taxa of the subgenus Heliocharmos Baker belonging to the genus Ornithogalum L. (Liliaceae) have been studied in Morocco from a biometric standpoint. It appears, from multidimensional analyses (principal component analysis and discriminant analysis), that it is not possible to recognize the existence of all the taxa reported by former authors. Two groups are morphologically distinct. The first corresponds to O. kochii Parl, and the second to O. algeriense Jord. and Fourr. The latter group includes all individuals that, according to Maire's Flora, can be related to O. comosum L., O. tenuifolium Guss., and O. umbellatum L. ssp. orthophyllum Maire and Weiller. Maire's separation of this group into three species seems artificial and the determination of the taxa seems incorrect. However, the populations of this group form two sets, one littoral and the other inland. These results, which are in agreement with data on karyology and reproduction biology, make it possible to revise this subgenus in Morocco. Three taxa are recognized: O. algeriense Jord. and Fourr. (=O. umbellatum L. ssp. orthophyllum Maire and Weiller) ssp. algeriense Moret ssp. nov., O. algeriense Jord. and Fourr. ssp. atlanticum Moret ssp. nov., and O. kochii Parl. A key to the various taxa and a map showing their distribution in Morocco are submitted. Key words: Ornithogalum, Heliocharmos, Liliaceae, Maroc, biosystematics, biometry. [Journal translation]

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