scholarly journals Comparison of overground and resting endoscopy in the diagnosis of the simple and complex dynamic upper respiratory tract abnormalities in racehorses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cihan KUMAS ◽  
Mehmet MADEN ◽  
Orhan PINAR
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Safe Technique ◽  
Dynamic Examination ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Horse Owners

The purpose of the study was to find the source of complaints and to diagnose dynamic upper respiratory tract problems, which were derived from the horse owners, trainers, and jockeys, and to evaluate the overground endoscopic examination efficiency to determine the subclinical upper respiratory tract (URT) abnormalities, which were unable to diagnose with resting endoscopy. In the study, overground endoscopy has been used which nowadays there is a more useful and safe technique of performing endoscopy during ridden exercise in the natural field to diagnose dynamic upper respiratory tract (URT) abnormalities in comparison with the more traditional method of resting endoscopy. This study focused on 25 racehorses (Thoroughbred, n:22 and Arabian n: 3), which were admitted to Racehorse Hospital with complaints of fade abruptly and/or abnormal respiratory noise during the last meters of the race. All horses were examined for the complaints to be associated with systemic disorders and/or lameness, the racehorses with lameness and/or systemic disorders findings were excluded. Resting (post-exercise) and overground endoscopy by using Dr. Fritz® ETL-Equine Overground Endoscopy was performed on a polytrack racecourse in all racehorses. Observed abnormalities were recorded as simple and complex cases and the results of resting and dynamic examination were compared. It was concluded the overground endoscopic examination has a useful diagnostic value in determining the cause of abnormal respiratory noise and/or fade abruptly.

Endoscopic Examination of Equine Upper Respiratory Tract by Computed Image Analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 749-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fava ◽  
G. Bitelli ◽  
M. Cappi ◽  
A. Diana ◽  
M. Pietra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory

scholarly journals Lump in the Throat – an Algorithm for the Actions of a Physician

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. E2020211
Author(s):  
Diana Orishchak ◽  
Nataliia Vasyliuk ◽  
Ostap Orishchak
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorders ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Diagnosis and treatment of patients with complaints of the “lump in the throat” remain a complex multidisciplinary problem. This is due to the polyetiology of factors causing similar symptoms and an empirical approach to the treatment. “Lump in the throat” is one of the clinical manifestations of upper respiratory tract paresthesia. According to the literature data, there is the reason for referral to an otolaryngologist in 4.1 to 5.0% of cases. The objective of the research was to optimize and improve the diagnosis and pathogenetic approach to the “lump in the throat” treatment. Materials and Methods. To achieve the specified objective, a comprehensive examination of 38 patients who sought an otolaryngologist’s medical advice, complaining of a “lump in the throat” at the age of 18-45 years (26 women and 12 men), was performed. For the purpose of optimal diagnostics, general clinical examination, examination of ENT organs, endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, microlaryngoscopy were performed; the condition of patients’ psycho-emotional status was assessed (consultation of psychologist and psychiatrist). Results. A comprehensive clinical study of 38 patients with complaints of the “lump in the throat” at the age of 18-45 years was performed. Psychosomatic disorders were detected in 26 patients; ENT organ diseases were present in 12 patients. All patients received treatment depending on the diagnosed somatic, otorhinolaryngological and psychosomatic pathology.

scholarly journals Immunodiagnostics, immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis in the department of otolaryngology. Message 1. Optimal indicators of systemic immunity in assessing the clinical and laboratory status of patients with inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (analytical generalization)

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Oleg Melnikov ◽  
Diana Zabolotna ◽  
Dmitry Zabolotny
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
The State ◽  
Immunological Methods ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Systemic Immunity ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Introduction: It is considered proven that the state of the immune system determines the development and course of many pathological processes, which are based on inflammation. At the same time, taking into account current trends in assessing the immunological status, conditional variants of deviation from the norm, a decrease in the number of cells from the average statistical norm of the region and control parameters in the performing laboratory by 1.5 or 2 times were adopted, since deviations are within 30-60 % are borderline and quite easily compensated by the body. The aim of the work was to conduct an integrated analysis of data to determine the state of systemic immunity in inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (URT) to select the optimal informa-tional indicators. Materials and methods: Immunological methods were used to examine 260 people with inflammatory pa-thology of the upper respiratory tract, of which 82 had chronic tonsillitis, 76 with chronic rhinitis, 70 with chronic pharyngitis and 32 people made up a control group of healthy donors. The age of the subjects ranged from 16 to 60 years, the duration of the disease from 1 year to 5 years, female patients predominated (≈60%). Examinations were conducted in the clinical remission stage. When assessing systemic immunity, the number of T-lymphocytes (CD 3, 4, 8), B-lymphocytes (CD22), NK (CD56), monocytes (CD14), concentration of immunoglobulins of classes M, G, A, E, cytokines with regulatory properties, interferon-γ-IL4 were determined. Functional tests in assessing systemic immunity are presented by determining the cytolytic activity of blood mononuclear cells in relation to avian xenogenic red blood cells and the activity of phagocytic blood cells in relation to latex particles at the absorption stage. Statistical processing was performed using the angular transfor-mation method "φ" according to Fisher and the "one-sided" criterion "U" Wilcoxon. Results: Based on a wide range of immunological studies in patients with chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract, it seems most appropriate to use the following laboratory tests to assess systemic immunity to determine the characteristic deviations in the immune status of patients: High diagnostic value: - decreased serum IgA concentration (<0.5 g/l); - low level of activity of ECC of blood (<20% for xenoerythrocytes); - increased level of interleukin-1β (> 25 pg/ml); Relative diagnostic value: - determination of the degree of dysimmunoglobulinemia in serum; - increased titers of antibodies to streptolysin-O, other microbial antigens; - increased serum IgM. Conclusion: The developed criteria and approaches in assessing systemic immunity in patients with in-flammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract can be used to examine patients and assess the effectiveness of the treatment.

scholarly journals The Use of Endoscopic Diagnosis in Dogs with Upper Respiratory Diseases with Respect to the Localisation of Pathogens and the Subsequent Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
M. Bajtoš ◽  
M. Kožár
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Systemic Manifestations ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Abstract Bacterial diseases of the upper respiratory tract accompanied with various degrees of clinical signs are relatively frequent in a small animal clinical practice. The clinical signs are usually mild, mostly connected with clinical manifestation of nasal discharge, mild dyspnoea, sneezing, and coughing; however, in some cases they may convert to a chronic stage with serious systemic manifestations. The course and development of complications depends on the etiological agent and the success or failure of the subsequent therapy. An accurate diagnosis is of the upmost importance in order to develop an appropriate therapeutic plan for disease management. The present study focused on: endoscopic visualisation of the upper respiratory tract of the affected animals; localisation of pathological changes, and the targeted collection of the samples. This clinical study involved 26 patients with long-term signs of the affected airways that progressed to chronic stages after the failure of the prescribed therapy. Each patient was clinically examined, sedated and subjected to an endoscopic examination that involved the collection of samples. The samples were examined microbiologically, tested for antibiotic resistance, and a targeted therapy was implemented. The endoscopic and complex microbiological diagnosis enabled: more effective management of the bacterial infection; shortening of the therapy; and a convalescence period that reduced the risk of the development, or the spreading of resistant bacteria.

Allergy of the Upper Respiratory Tract

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack D. Clemis ◽  
Eugene L. Derlacki
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory
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