Urban Flood Inundation Model for High Density Building Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farid ◽  
◽  
Akira Mano ◽  
Keiko Udo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Momentum Equation ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Overland Flow Model ◽  
Inundation Model

In this paper, the development of a flood inundation model considering the effect of buildings in dense urban areas is purposed. A 2D overland flow model is coupled with a 1D channel model to simulate flood inundation with an exchange of flow between rivers and surface floodplains. The momentum equation in the overland flow model is modified in order to consider urban flood characteristics. The “sharing rate,” which is defined as the occupancy area of building in each grid of a model domain, is applied to represent the effect of a building Drag force that occurs due to the reaction of force acting on a building is included. Hydrological processes are accommodated by combining a tank model in outsource terms. The model is applied to the downstream part of the Ciliwung River basin where Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, is located. Results regarding the water level and inundation map are compared with observed data and show fair agreement.

scholarly journals Modelling Pluvial Flooding in Urban Areas Coupling the Models Iber and SWMM

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2647
Author(s):  
Esteban Sañudo ◽  
Luis Cea ◽  
Jerónimo Puertas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Dynamic Link Library ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Overland Flow Model

Dual urban drainage models allow users to simulate pluvial urban flooding by analysing the interaction between the sewer network (minor drainage system) and the overland flow (major drainage system). This work presents a free distribution dual drainage model linking the models Iber and Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), which are a 2D overland flow model and a 1D sewer network model, respectively. The linking methodology consists in a step by step calling process from Iber to a Dynamic-link Library (DLL) that contains the functions in which the SWMM code is split. The work involves the validation of the model in a simplified urban street, in a full-scale urban drainage physical model and in a real urban settlement. The three study cases have been carefully chosen to show and validate the main capabilities of the model. Therefore, the model is developed as a tool that considers the main hydrological and hydraulic processes during a rainfall event in an urban basin, allowing the user to plan, evaluate and design new or existing urban drainage systems in a realistic way.

scholarly journals An integrated inundation model for highly developed urban areas

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Chen ◽  
M.H. Hsu ◽  
T.S. Chen ◽  
T.J. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Underground Infrastructure ◽  
Flow Phenomena ◽  
Overland Flow Model ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Swmm Model

A numerical model is developed in this study with various components for simulating the complex flow phenomena in urban drainage basins. The model integrates the HEC-1 model, a 1-D dynamic channel-flow model, a 2-D non-inertia overland-flow model and the SWMM model to reflect the hydraulic processes in areas with different characteristics. The inundation of underground infrastructure during flood is also considered in the model. The typhoon Nari event in 2001, which resulted in severe flood in downtown Taipei, is simulated by the model. The result is compared with the survey records of flooded areas, which reveals the storage effect of underground infrastrucures is significant to the simulation results of highly developed urban areas.

Algebraic Solution of the Horton-Izzard Turbulent Overland Flow Model of the Rising Hydrograph

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akram Gill
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flow Equation ◽  
Algebraic Solution ◽  
Mixed Flow ◽  
Overland Flow Model

In the differential equation of the overland turbulent flow which was first postulated by Horton, Eq.(6), the value of c equals 5/3. For this value of c, the flow equation could not be integrated algebraically. Horton solved the equation for c = 2 and believed that his solution was valid for mixed flow. The flow equation with c = 5/3 is solved algebraically herein. It is shown elsewhere (Gill 1976) that the flow equation can indeed be integrated for any rational value of c.

Bi-directional Coupling of an Unstructured Triangular Meshes-based Integrated Hydrodynamic Model for Heterogeneous Feature-based Urban Flood Simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Peng ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Zhiyao Song ◽  
Arif Masrur
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Heterogeneous Feature

Abstract Urban pluvial flash floods have become a matter of widespread concern, as they severely impact people’s lives in urban areas. Hydrological and hydraulic models have been widely used for urban flood management and urban planning. Traditionally, to reduce the complexity of urban flood modelling and simulations, simplification or generalization methods have been used; for example, some models focus on the simulation of overland water flow, and some models focus on the simulation of the water flow in sewer systems. However, the water flow of urban floods includes both overland flow and sewer system flow. The overland flow processes are impacted by many different geographical features in what is an extremely spatially heterogeneous environment. Therefore, this article is based on two widely used models (SWMM and ANUGA) that are coupled to develop a bi-directional method of simulating water flow processes in urban areas. The open source overland flow model uses the unstructured triangular as the spatial discretization scheme. The unstructured triangular-based hydraulic model can be better used to capture the spatial heterogeneity of the urban surfaces. So, the unstructured triangular-based model is an essential condition for heterogeneous feature-based urban flood simulation. The experiments indicate that the proposed coupled model in this article can accurately depict surface waterlogged areas and that the heterogeneous feature-based urban flood model can be used to determine different types of urban flow processes.

scholarly journals Enhanced DEM-based flow path delineation methods for urban flood modelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 568-579
Author(s):  
J. P. Leitão ◽  
D. Prodanović ◽  
S. Boonya-aroonnet ◽  
Č. Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Bouncing Ball ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Synthetic Test ◽  
Water Accumulation ◽  
Flooding Events

In order to simulate surface runoff and flooding, one-dimensional (1D) overland flow networks can be automatically delineated using digital elevation models (DEM). The resulting network comprises flow paths and terrain depressions/ponds and is essential to reliably model pluvial (surface) flooding events in urban areas by so-called 1D/1D models. Conventional automatic DEM-based flow path delineation methods have problems in producing realistic overland flow paths when detailed high-resolution DEMs of urban areas are used. The aim of this paper is to present the results of research and development of three enhanced DEM-based overland flow path delineation methods; these methods are triggered when the conventional flow path delineation process stops due to a flow obstacle. Two of the methods, the ‘bouncing ball and buildings’ and ‘bouncing ball and A*’ methods, are based on the conventional ‘bouncing ball’ concept; the third proposed method, the ‘sliding ball’ method, is based on the physical water accumulation concept. These enhanced methods were tested and their results were compared with results obtained using two conventional flow path delineation methods using a semi-synthetic test DEM. The results showed significant improvements in terms of the reliability of the delineated overland flow paths when using these enhanced methods.

scholarly journals Automated calibration of a two-dimensional overland flow model by estimating Manning's roughness coefficient using genetic algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-456
Author(s):  
J. Drisya ◽  
D. Sathish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Roughness Coefficient ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Automated Calibration ◽  
Manning’S Roughness Coefficient ◽  
Overland Flow Model

Abstract Calibration is an important phase in the hydrological modelling process. In this study, an automated calibration framework is developed for estimating Manning's roughness coefficient. The calibration process is formulated as an optimization problem and solved using a genetic algorithm (GA). A heuristic search procedure using GA is developed by including runoff simulation process and evaluating the fitness function by comparing the experimental results. The model is calibrated and validated using datasets of Watershed Experimentation System. A loosely coupled architecture is followed with an interface program to enable automatic data transfer between overland flow model and GA. Single objective GA optimization with minimizing percentage bias, root mean square error and maximizing Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency is integrated with the model scheme. Trade-offs are observed between the different objectives and no single set of the parameter is able to optimize all objectives simultaneously. Hence, multi-objective GA using pooled and balanced aggregated function statistic are used along with the model. The results indicate that the solutions on the Pareto-front are equally good with respect to one objective, but may not be suitable regarding other objectives. The present technique can be applied to calibrate the hydrological model parameters.

A Modified Hortonian Overland Flow Model Based on Laboratory Experiments

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anzhi Wang ◽  
Changjie Jin ◽  
Jianmei Liu ◽  
Tiefan Pei
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Overland Flow Model

A methodology for linking 2D overland flow models with the sewer network model SWMM 5.1 based on dynamic link libraries

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 3017-3026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Leandro ◽  
Ricardo Martins
Keyword(s):  
Network Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Dynamic Link Library ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Dynamic Link

Abstract Pluvial flooding in urban areas is characterized by a gradually varying inundation process caused by surcharge of the sewer manholes. Therefore urban flood models need to simulate the interaction between the sewer network and the overland flow in order to accurately predict the flood inundation extents. In this work we present a methodology for linking 2D overland flow models with the storm sewer model SWMM 5. SWMM 5 is a well-known free open-source code originally developed in 1971. The latest major release saw its structure re-written in C ++ allowing it to be compiled as a command line executable or through a series of calls made to function inside a dynamic link library (DLL). The methodology developed herein is written inside the same DLL in C + +, and is able to simulate the bi-directional interaction between both models during simulation. Validation is done in a real case study with an existing urban flood coupled model. The novelty herein is that the new methodology can be added to SWMM without the need for editing SWMM's original code. Furthermore, it is directly applicable to other coupled overland flow models aiming to use SWMM 5 as the sewer network model.

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