Measurement of anterior-posterior displacement of the knee. A comparison of the results with instrumented devices and with clinical examination.

1990 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1307-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
M E Steiner ◽  
C Brown ◽  
B Zarins ◽  
B Brownstein ◽  
P S Koval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Anterior Posterior

scholarly journals Biomechanical Comparison of Three Kinds of Minimally Invasive Internal Fixation in the Treatment of Pelvic Bilateral Anterior Ring Fractures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Yupeng Ma ◽  
Dexin Zou ◽  
Xiujiang Sun ◽  
Gong Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Element Model ◽  
Pelvic Injury ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
System Combination ◽  
Rod System ◽  
Anterior Ring ◽  
Fracture Stability ◽  
Intramedullary Screw ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Abstract [Objective] To compare the mechanical characteristics of percutaneous long plate, percutaneous pubic superioris intramedullary screw and percutaneous pelvic anterior screw-rod system for the treatment of bilateral vertical pubic fractures to provide reference for clinical application. [Methods] A finite element model of pelvic anterior ring injury (bilateral vertical pubic fracture) was produced. The fractures were fixed with percutaneous long plate, percutaneous pubic superioris intramedullary screw, percutaneous pelvic anterior screw-rod system and their combination in 5 types of models. The fracture stability under vertical, bilateral and anterior-posterior load were quantified and compared based on the displacement of the hip joints’ midpoint as quantificational index of fracture stability. [Results] In condition of bilateral and anterior-posterior load, the vertical, bilateral and anterior-posterior displacement of the hip joints’ midpoint of different models were significantly different respectively. In general, the displacement of the 5 pelvic anterior ring fixation models were ranked from maximum to minimum as follows: long plate, pelvic anterior screw-rod system, combination of long plate and pelvic anterior screw-rod system, pubic superioris intramedullary screw and combination of pubic superioris intramedullary screw and pelvic anterior screw-rod system. [Conclusion] For the fixation in bilateral pubic fractures of pelvic injury, the percutaneous pubic superioris intramedullary screw was optimal, percutaneous pelvic anterior screw-rod system was the second choice, and percutaneous long plate ranked the third. The percutaneous pelvic anterior screw-rod system can significantly increase fixation stability of the percutaneous pubic superioris intramedullary screw and the percutaneous long plate.

scholarly journals Arthroscopic findings after shoulder dislocation

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 517-521
Author(s):  
Ivica Medenica ◽  
Aleksandar Radunovic ◽  
Dragan Madzarac ◽  
Miodrag Zoric ◽  
Dubravko Bokonjic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Group I ◽  
Arthroscopic Findings ◽  
Arthroscopic Finding ◽  
Forearm Flexor ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Background/Aim. Recurrent instability of the shoulder joint is frequently difficult to differentiate from diseased or injured rotator cuff or tendon of the forearm flexor (m. biceps brachii). Shoulder joint arthroscopy has been only recently introduced into instable shoulder joint lesion examination. The aim of this study was to present and analyze an arthroscopic finding on instable shoulder joint in order to determine causes and mechanisms of instability, as well as principles of surgical treatment. Methods. Arthroscopy of the shoulder joint was performed in 158 patients with at least one documented shoulder joint dislocation. These patients were divided into two groups. The group I included the patients with one to three dislocations, while the group II those with more than three dislocations. Preoperative diagnosis was based on anamnestic data and clinical examination using specific tests, and on the diagnosis of shoulder joint using radiography or computed tomography. Results. Out of the total number of the patients 138 (87.34%) had injury of the anterior patellar brim, 119 (75.32%) had failure of the anterior capsule, 126 (79.75%) had compressive cartilage injury of the posterior part of the head of the upper arm bone (Hill-Sachs lesion), 102 (64.56%) had insufficiency of glenohumeral tendon, 11 (6.96) had complete cut of the rotator cuff, 23 (14.56%) had injury of the posterior patellar brim, 12 (7.59%) had injury of the upper anterior-posterior patellar brim (SLAP). Conclusion. According to the obtained results it could be concluded that there is no a unique injury that leads to shoulder joint instability. It is necessary to point out to the significance of anamnesis and clinical examination in making diagnosis. Arthroscopic diagnostics is indicated in clinically unreliable findings as an additional method for determining operative treatment.

scholarly journals Novel simulations to determine the impact of superficial perineal structures on vaginal delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 20190011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan R. Routzong ◽  
Pamela A. Moalli ◽  
Spandan Maiti ◽  
Raffaella De Vita ◽  
Steven D. Abramowitch
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Perineal Body ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Impact Simulations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Visible Human

This study's aim was to determine whether the inclusion of superficial perineal structures in a finite-element simulation of vaginal delivery impacts the pubovisceral muscle and perineal body, two common sites of birth-related injury. The hypothesis, inferred from prevailing literature, was that these structures would have minimal influence (differences less than ±10%). Two models were made using the Visible Human Project's female cadaver to create a rigid, fixed pelvis, musculature held by spring attachments to that pelvis, and a rigid, ellipsoidal fetal head prescribed with an inferior displacement to simulate delivery. Injury site stretch ratios and fetal head and perineal body displacements and angles of progression were compared between the Omitted Model (which excluded the superficial perineal structures as is common practice) and the Included Model (which included them). Included Model stretch ratios were +107%, −9.84% and −14.6% compared to Omitted Model perineal body and right and left pubovisceral muscles, respectively. Included Model peak perineal body inferior displacement was +72.5% greater while similar anterior–posterior displacements took longer to reach. These results refute our hypothesis, suggesting superficial perineal structures impact simulations of vaginal delivery by inhibiting perineal body anterior–posterior displacement, which stretches and inferiorly displaces the perineal body.

A New Device to Measure the Structural Properties of the Femur-Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Tibia Complex

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Lyon ◽  
Savio L-Y. Woo ◽  
J. M. Hollis ◽  
J. P. Marcin ◽  
E. B. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
New Device ◽  
Loading Direction ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Porcine Knee ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Previous studies of biomechanical properties of femur-anterior cruciate ligament-tibia complex (FATC) utilized a wide variety of testing methodologies, particularly with respect to ligament orientation relative to loading direction. A new device was designed and built to test the anterior-posterior displacement of the intact porcine knee at 30 and 90 deg of flexion, as well as the tensile properties of the FATC at any loading direction and flexion angle. Tensile tests were performed with the knees at 30 and 90 deg of flexion with the loading direction along either the axis of the tibia (tibial axis) or the axis of the anterior cruciate ligament (ligament axis). The results showed that the stiffness, ultimate load and energy absorbed were all significantly increased when the FATC was tested along the ligament axis. This study demonstrates the importance of alignment in the evaluation of the biomechanical characteristics of the femur-ACL-tibia complex.

The efficiency of gait plate insole for children with in-toeing gait due to femoral antetorsion

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Ganjehie ◽  
Hassan Saeedi ◽  
Behshid Farahmand ◽  
Sarah Curran
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Femoral Anteversion ◽  
Femoral Antetorsion ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Posterior Direction ◽  
Walking Tests ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Background:One of the most common gait disorders in children is in-toeing. Few studies have examined the efficacy gait plate insole in in-toeing. we used more precise apparatus than previous studies.Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of gait plate insole on the angle of gait and center of pressure displacement in children with in-toeing gait.Study design:Quasi-experimental before -after study.Methods:The angle of gait and center of pressure displacement were measured in 17 children aged 4–10 years with in-toeing gait. The RS scan pressure platform was employed to perform walking tests in three conditions including barefoot, with shoes only, and gait plate insole with shoes.Results:The gait plate insole with shoes as well as shoes alone produced a significant 11.1° and 3.85° increase in the angle of gait in in-toeing children respectively ( p < 0.05). The medial–lateral displacement of center of pressure showed a significant difference (3 mm) in shoes only condition when compared with barefoot condition. The shoes only and gait plate insole compared with barefoot condition increased the anterior–posterior displacement by 28 and 30 mm respectively.Conclusion:The gait plate insole with ordinary shoes and shoes only were able to increase angle of gait and the center of pressure displacement in the anterior–posterior direction in children with in-toeing gait due to excessive femoral anteversion.Clinical relevanceThe use of a gait plate insole inserted in ordinary shoes can improve gait appearance in children with in-toeing gait caused by Excessive femoral anteversion.

scholarly journals Arthrometric Measurement of Ankle-Complex Motion: Normative Values

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A. Schwarz ◽  
John E. Kovaleski ◽  
Robert J. Heitman ◽  
Larry R. Gurchiek ◽  
Coral Gubler-Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Complex Motion ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
Ankle Arthrometer ◽  
Ankle Complex ◽  
And Inversion ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Abstract Context: Valid and reliable measurements of ankle-complex motion have been reported using the Hollis Ankle Arthrometer. No published normative data of ankle-complex motion obtained from ankle arthrometry are available for use as a reference for clinical decision making. Objective: To describe the distribution variables of ankle-complex motion in uninjured ankles and to establish normative reference values for use in research and to assist in clinical decision making. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: University research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Both ankles of 50 men and 50 women (age = 21.78 ± 2.0 years [range, 19–25 years]) were tested. Intervention(s): Each ankle underwent anteroposterior (AP) and inversion-eversion (I-E) loading using an ankle arthrometer. Main Outcome Measure(s): Recorded anterior, posterior, and total AP displacement (millimeters) at 125 N and inversion, eversion, and total I-E rotation (degrees) at 4 Nm. Results: Women had greater ankle-complex motion for all variables except for posterior displacement. Total AP displacement of the ankle complex was 18.79 ± 4.1 mm for women and 16.70 ± 4.8 mm for men (U = 3742.5, P &lt; .01). Total I-E rotation of the ankle complex was 42.10° ± 9.0° for women and 34.13° ± 10.1° for men (U = 2807, P &lt; .001). All variables were normally distributed except for anterior displacement, inversion rotation, eversion rotation, and total I-E rotation in the women's ankles and eversion rotation in the men's ankles; these variables were skewed positively. Conclusions: Our study increases the available database on ankle-complex motion, and it forms the basis of norm-referenced clinical comparisons and the basis on which quantitative definitions of ankle pathologic conditions can be developed.

Tumor Diagnosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Bruce Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Diagnosis

The broadest application of transmission electron microscopy (EM) in diagnostic medicine is the identification of tumors that cannot be classified by routine light microscopy. EM is useful in the evaluation of approximately 10% of human neoplasms, but the extent of its contribution varies considerably. It may provide a specific diagnosis that can not be reached by other means, but in contrast, the information obtained from ultrastructural study of some 10% of tumors does not significantly add to that available from light microscopy. Most cases fall somewhere between these two extremes: EM may correct a light microscopic diagnosis, or serve to narrow a differential diagnosis by excluding some of the possibilities considered by light microscopy. It is particularly important to correlate the EM findings with data from light microscopy, clinical examination, and other diagnostic procedures.

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