scholarly journals KEEFEKTIFAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN NEMATODA Pratylenchus brachyurus PADA TANAMAN NILAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
RITA HARNI ◽  
SUPRAMANA SUPRAMANA ◽  
MEITY S. SINAGA ◽  
GIYANTO GIYANTO ◽  
SUPRIADI SUPRIADI
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Greenhouse Condition ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Uninoculated Control

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Penggunaan bakteri endofit sebagai agen pengendalian nematodaparasit seperti Meloidogyne incognita pada kapas dan tomat, Globoderasp. pada kentang dan Radopholus similis pada pisang telah banyak ditelitipada beberapa jenis tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisiskeefektifan  beberapa  bakteri  endofit terhadap  perkembangan  P.brachyurus, penetrasi, reproduksi, dan kerusakan yang diakibatkannyapada tanaman nilam. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumahkaca Hama dan Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan AromatikBogor, dari bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2008. Penelitian menggunakanrancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 6 perlakuan dengan 7 ulangan. Lima isolatbakteri endofit, yaitu Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenesfaecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, danBacillus subtilis NJ57, diaplikasikan pada setek tanaman nilam denganmetode perendaman akar. Seminggu setelah tanam, nilam diinokulasidengan 500 ekor P. brachyurus. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap penetrasi,reproduksi, populasi nematoda, dan pertumbuhan nilam. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit A. xylosoxidans TT2, A. faecalisNJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, dan B. subtilis NJ57 dapatmenekan penetrasi dan populasi P. brachyurus ke dalam akar sebesar54,8-70,6% dengan faktor reproduksi (pf/pi) 0,61-0,94 dan meningkatkanpertumbuhan tanaman nilam sebesar 37,86-84,71%.</p><p>Kata kunci: Pogostemon cablin, bakteri endofit, keefektifan, nematoda,Pratylenchus brachyurus, pengendalian biologi</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Effectiveness  of  endophytic  bacteria  to  controlPratylenchus brachyurus nematode on patchouli</p><p>The use of endophytic bacteria as biocontrol agents for nematodes,such as Meloidogyne incognita on cotton and tomatoes, Globodera sp. onpotatoes and Radopholus similis on bananas has been widely studied inseveral crops. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness ofsome endophytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus, penetration,reproduction, and plant fresh weight production. Five isolates, namely A.xylosoxidans TT2, A. faecalis NJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, andB. subtilis NJ57 were applied to the patchouli cutting roots by soakingmethod before planting. A week after planting, the plants were inoculatedwith 500 juveniles and adults of P. brachyurus. Observations were doneon penetration and reproduction rates of the nematode, and growth ofpatchouli plant. Under greenhouse condition, A. xylosoxidans TT2, A.faecalis NJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, and B. subtilis NJ57reduced penetration rate of P. brachyurus into the patchouli roots by 54.8to 70.6% and suppressed nematode population with pf/pi value 0.61 to0.94. Growth of inoculated plants increased by 37.86 to 84.71% comparedwith uninoculated (control) ones.</p><p>Key words: Pogostemon cablin, endophytic bacteria, effectivenessnematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, biological control</p>

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA IN REDUCING PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODE Pratylenchus brachyurus

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Harni ◽  
Supramana Supramana ◽  
Supriadi Supriadi
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Treated Plant

Pratylenchus brachyurus is a major parasitic nematode on patchouli that reduces plant production up to 85%. The use of endophytic bacteria is promising for controlling nematode and promoting plant growth through production of phytohormones and enhancing the availability of soil nutrients. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of endophytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus on patchouli plant and its influence on plant productions (plant fresh weight and patchouli oil). The study was conducted at Cimanggu Experimental Garden and Laboratory of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMECRI), Bogor, West Java. The experi-ment was designed in a randomized block with seven treatments and eight replications; each replication consisted of 10 plants. The treatments evaluated were five isolates of endophytic bacteria (Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK and Bacillus subtilis NJ57), synthetic nematicide as a reference, and non-treated plant as a control.  Four-week old patchouli plants of cv. Sidikalang were treated by soaking the roots in suspension of endophytic bacteria (109 cfu  ml-1) for one hour before trans-planting to the field. At one month after planting, the plants were drenched with the bacterial suspension as much as 100 ml per plant. The results showed that applications of the endophytic bacteria could suppress the nematode populations (52.8-80%) and increased plant weight (23.62-57.48%) compared to the control. The isolate of endophytic bacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2 was the best and comparable with carbofuran.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL USE OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA TO CONTROL Pratylenchus brachyurus ON PATCHOULI

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Rita Harni ◽  
Supramana Supramana ◽  
Supriadi Supriadi
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus

<p>Pratylenchus brachyurus is an important parasitic nematode which significantly decreases quality and quantity of patchouli oil. One potential measure for controlling the nematode is by using endophytic bacteria. These bacteria also induce plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of endo-phytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus. The experiments were carried out in the Bacteriological Laboratory of the Plant Protection Department, Bogor Agricultural University, and the Laboratory and Greenhouse of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute from April to December 2007. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots of patchouli plants sampled from various locations in West Java. Antagonistic activity of the isolates were selected against P. brachyurus and their abilities to induce plant growth of patch-ouli plants. Isolates having ability to control P. brachyurus and promote plant growth were identified by molecular techniques using 16S rRNA universal primers. The results showed that a total of 257 isolates of endophytic bacteria were obtained from patchouli roots and their population density varied from 2.3 x 102 to 6.0 x 105 cfu g-1 fresh root. As many as 60 isolates (23.34%) were antagonistic against P. brachyurus causing 70-100% mortality of the namatode, 72 isolates (28.01%) stimu-lated plant growth, 32 isolates (12.47%) inhibited plant growth, and 93 isolates (36.18%) were neutral. Based on their antago-nistic and plant growth enhancer characters, five isolates of the bacteria, namely Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, and Bacillus subtilis NJ57 suppressed 74.0-81.6% nema-tode population and increased 46.97-86.79% plant growth. The study implies that the endophytic bacteria isolated from patchouly roots are good candidates for controlling P. brachyurus on patchouly plants.</p><p> </p><p>Bahasa Indonesia</p><p>Pratylenchus brachyurus adalah nematoda parasit pada tana-man nilam yang dapat menurunkan hasil dan kualitas minyak nilam. Salah satu cara pengendalian yang potensial terhadap nematoda tersebut adalah menggunakan bakteri endofit. Selain dapat membunuh nematoda, bakteri endofit juga dapat meng-induksi pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk  mengevaluasi potensi bakteri endofit yang berasal dari tanaman nilam untuk mengendalikan namatoda parasit P. brachyurus. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bakteriologi, Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Institut Pertanian Bogor, serta di  laboratorium dan rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, pada bulan April sampai Desember 2007. Bakteri endofit diisolasi dari sampel akar tanaman nilam dari beberapa lokasi di Jawa Barat. Isolat-isolat bakteri endofit diseleksi kemampuannya untuk membunuh P. brachyurus dan menginduksi pertumbuhan tanam-an nilam. Isolat bakteri endofit yang potensial selanjutnya diidentifikasi secara molekuler menggunakan primer universal 16S rRNA. Penelitian memperoleh 257 isolat bakteri endofit dengan kerapatan populasi 2,3 x 102 sampai 6,0 x 105  cfu g-1 berat basah akar. Enam puluh isolat (23,34%) di antaranya bersifat antagonis terhadap P. brachyurus dengan mortalitas 70-100%, 72 isolat (28,01%) dapat memacu pertumbuhan tanaman nilam, 93 isolat (36,18%) bersifat netral, dan 32 isolat (12,47%) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman. Berdasarkan hasil peng-ujian antagonis dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman, lima isolat bakteri, yaitu Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16,  Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, dan Bacillus subtilis NJ57 dapat menekan populasi nematoda 74,0-81,6% dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan nilam 46,97-86,79%. Penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa bakteri endofit dari tanaman nilam berpotensi mengendalikan P. brachyurus pada tanaman nilam.<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA IN REDUCING PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODE Pratylenchus brachyurus

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Rita Harni ◽  
Supramana Supramana ◽  
Supriadi Supriadi
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Treated Plant

Pratylenchus brachyurus is a major parasitic nematode on patchouli that reduces plant production up to 85%. The use of endophytic bacteria is promising for controlling nematode and promoting plant growth through production of phytohormones and enhancing the availability of soil nutrients. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of endophytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus on patchouli plant and its influence on plant productions (plant fresh weight and patchouli oil). The study was conducted at Cimanggu Experimental Garden and Laboratory of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMECRI), Bogor, West Java. The experi-ment was designed in a randomized block with seven treatments and eight replications; each replication consisted of 10 plants. The treatments evaluated were five isolates of endophytic bacteria (Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK and Bacillus subtilis NJ57), synthetic nematicide as a reference, and non-treated plant as a control.  Four-week old patchouli plants of cv. Sidikalang were treated by soaking the roots in suspension of endophytic bacteria (109 cfu  ml-1) for one hour before trans-planting to the field. At one month after planting, the plants were drenched with the bacterial suspension as much as 100 ml per plant. The results showed that applications of the endophytic bacteria could suppress the nematode populations (52.8-80%) and increased plant weight (23.62-57.48%) compared to the control. The isolate of endophytic bacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2 was the best and comparable with carbofuran.

scholarly journals PENGARUH METODE APLIKASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN NEMATODA PELUKA AKAR (Pratylenchus brachyurus ) PADA TANAMAN NILAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
RITA HARNI ◽  
IKA MUSTIKA ◽  
SUPRAMANA SUPRAMANA ◽  
ABDUL MUNIF
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus

ABSTRAK<br />Bakteri endofit adalah salah satu agen antagonis yang akhir-akhir<br />ini banyak digunakan sebagai pengendalian biologi nematoda parasit<br />tanaman. Pada tanaman nilam nematoda Pratylenchus brachyurus merupa-<br />kan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas. Penelitian<br />ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode aplikasi bakteri endofit yang<br />effisien untuk menekan nematoda P. brachyurus pada tanaman nilam.<br />Penelitian telah dilakukan di laboratorium dan rumah kaca Balai Penelitian<br />Tanaman Rempah dan Obat dan Laboratorium Nematologi Departemen<br />Proteksi Tanaman IPB, dari Januari sampai dengan Juli 2005. Penelitian<br />menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama<br />adalah metode aplikasi (siram dan rendam), faktor kedua adalah jenis<br />isolat (NJ2, NJ25, NJ41, NJ46, NJ57, NA22, ERB21, ES32, E26). Hasil<br />penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi nematoda dipengaruhi oleh<br />adanya interaksi antara metode aplikasi dan isolat bakteri yang digunakan,<br />sedangkan berat tajuk, panjang akar dan tinggi tanaman hanya dipengaruhi<br />oleh jenis bakteri. Isolat Bacillus NA22, Bacillus NJ46 dan Bacillus NJ2<br />dengan metode perendaman akar mempunyai kemampuan yang tinggi<br />dalam menekan populasi P. brachyurus yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 75%,<br />63% dan 60%. Semua isolat yang digunakan dapat meningkatkan berat<br />tajuk, panjang akar dan tinggi tanaman.<br />Kata kunci: Nilam, Pogostemon cablin, penyakit tanaman, pengendalian<br />biologi, bakteri endofit, nematoda, Pratylenchus brachyurus,<br />Jawa Barat<br />ABSTRACT<br />Effect of application method of endophytic bacteria on<br />root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus brachyurus) on<br />patchouli<br />Endophytic bacteria is one of the important agents recently used<br />for controlling plant parasitic nematodes. P. brachyurus is one of the<br />factors affecting the productivity of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)<br />in Indonesia. The objectives of the research were to find out an efficient<br />application method of endophytic bacteria to reduce P. brachyurus on<br />patchouli. The research was conducted in the Nematology Laboratory,<br />Department of Plant Protection, Bogor Agricultural University and in the<br />Laboratory and Greenhouse of Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops<br />Research Institute, from January to July 2005. The research used<br />randomized complete design with two factors, the first factor was<br />application method (drencing and deeping), the second factor was bacteria<br />isolates (NJ2, NJ25, NJ41, NJ46, NJ57, NA22, ERB21, ES32, E26). The<br />results showed that the population of nematode was affected by the<br />interaction between bacterial isolates and application method. While shoot<br />weight, root length and plant height were affected by bacterial isolates.<br />Bacillus NA22, Bacillus NJ46 and Bacillus NJ2 applicated by deeping the<br />root into bacterial suspension significantly gave good result in reducing P.<br />brachyurus, i.e. 75%, 63% and 60%. All bacterial isolates increased shoot<br />weight, root length.<br />Key words: Patchouli, Pogostemon cablin, plant disease, biological<br />control, endophytic bacteria, nematode, Pratylenchus<br />brachyurus, West Java

scholarly journals PENGARUH FILTRAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT TERHADAP MORTALITAS, PENETASAN TELUR DAN POPULASI NEMATODA PELUKA AKAR Pratylenchus brachyurus PADA NILAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
RITA HARNI ◽  
SUPRAMANA SUPRAMANA ◽  
MEITY S. SINAGA ◽  
GIYANTO GIYANTO ◽  
SUPRIADI SUPRIADI
Keyword(s):  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Hatching Eggs

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Pratylenchus brachyurus merupakan salah satu patogen utama padatanaman nilam di Indonesia. Pengendalian yang banyak dilakukan petanisaat ini adalah menggunakan pestisida sintetik. Penggunaan pestisidasintetik yang terus menerus merupakan ancaman terhadap lingkungan, dankesehatan manusia. Bakteri endofit mungkin dapat dimanfaatkan sebagaisalah satu teknik pengendalian nematoda yang ramah lingkungan karenabakteri endofit dapat menghasilkan racun yang toksik terhadap nematoda.Tujuan penelitian adalah melihat pengaruh kultur filtrat bakteri endofitterhadap mortalitas nematoda, penetasan telur dan perkembangannematoda di dalam akar nilam. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium danRumah kaca Hama dan Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat danAromatik Bogor, dari bulan Januari sampai April 2008 menggunakanrancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Filtrat bakteri dibuat dengan caramenumbuhkan bakteri endofit pada media TSB selama 48 jam, kemudiandisentrifugasi dengan kecepatan 7.000 rpm selama 15 menit. Filtratdisaring dengan milipore berdiameter 0,22 µm, selanjutnya filtrat diujipada nematoda in vitro dan rumah kaca. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa filtrat dapat membunuh nematoda dalam waktu 24 jam dengannilai LC 50 sebesar 7,709%. Bakteri endofit isolat TT2 dan EH11memperlihatkan daya bunuh paling tinggi yaitu 91-100%. Di samping itufiltrat bakteri endofit juga dapat menekan penetasan telur nematoda 48,5-74,6% dibanding dengan kontrol. Namun hanya filtrat bakteri endofitisolat EH11 yang nyata dapat menekan populasi nematoda di dalam akarnilam dengan tingkat penekanan sebesar 81,3%.</p><p>Kata kunci : Pratylenchus brachyurus, bakteri endofit, kultur filtrat,Pogostemon cablin</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Effect of culture filtrates endophytic bacteria on themortality, hatching eggs and population of root lesionnematodes Pratylenchus brachyurus on patchouli</p><p>Root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus brachyurus) is an importantpathogen of patchouli in Indonesia and causes significant losses. Controlsystem that are done today is using synthetic pesticides. The use ofsynthetic pesticides is a continuing threat to the environment and humanhealth. However, endophytic bacterial culture filtrates may be used as oneof the nematode control that is environmentally friendly. Effect of culturefiltrates endophytic bacteria on the mortality, hatching eggs and populationroot lesion nematodes Pratylenchus brachyurus on patchouli has beendone in vitro and greenhouse. The results showed that the culture filtrate ofendophytic bacteria produced metabolite toxic to nematodes and wereable to kill P. brachyurus 100% within 24 hours with LC 50 7.709%. TT2and EH11 isolates showed high killing power of 91-100%. The culturefiltrates also inhibited hatching of P. brachyurus eggs compared withcontrols. Not all culture filtrates can suppress the nematode population inthe roots of patchouli. EH11 isolates filtrate really pressing nematodepopulations compared to other isolates.</p><p>Key words: Pratylenchus brachyurus, culture filtrate, endophyticbacteria, Pogostemon cablin</p>

scholarly journals POTENTIAL USE OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA TO CONTROL Pratylenchus brachyurus ON PATCHOULI

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Rita Harni ◽  
Supramana Supramana ◽  
Supriadi Supriadi
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus

<p>Pratylenchus brachyurus is an important parasitic nematode which significantly decreases quality and quantity of patchouli oil. One potential measure for controlling the nematode is by using endophytic bacteria. These bacteria also induce plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of endo-phytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus. The experiments were carried out in the Bacteriological Laboratory of the Plant Protection Department, Bogor Agricultural University, and the Laboratory and Greenhouse of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute from April to December 2007. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots of patchouli plants sampled from various locations in West Java. Antagonistic activity of the isolates were selected against P. brachyurus and their abilities to induce plant growth of patch-ouli plants. Isolates having ability to control P. brachyurus and promote plant growth were identified by molecular techniques using 16S rRNA universal primers. The results showed that a total of 257 isolates of endophytic bacteria were obtained from patchouli roots and their population density varied from 2.3 x 102 to 6.0 x 105 cfu g-1 fresh root. As many as 60 isolates (23.34%) were antagonistic against P. brachyurus causing 70-100% mortality of the namatode, 72 isolates (28.01%) stimu-lated plant growth, 32 isolates (12.47%) inhibited plant growth, and 93 isolates (36.18%) were neutral. Based on their antago-nistic and plant growth enhancer characters, five isolates of the bacteria, namely Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, and Bacillus subtilis NJ57 suppressed 74.0-81.6% nema-tode population and increased 46.97-86.79% plant growth. The study implies that the endophytic bacteria isolated from patchouly roots are good candidates for controlling P. brachyurus on patchouly plants.</p><p> </p><p>Bahasa Indonesia</p><p>Pratylenchus brachyurus adalah nematoda parasit pada tana-man nilam yang dapat menurunkan hasil dan kualitas minyak nilam. Salah satu cara pengendalian yang potensial terhadap nematoda tersebut adalah menggunakan bakteri endofit. Selain dapat membunuh nematoda, bakteri endofit juga dapat meng-induksi pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk  mengevaluasi potensi bakteri endofit yang berasal dari tanaman nilam untuk mengendalikan namatoda parasit P. brachyurus. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bakteriologi, Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Institut Pertanian Bogor, serta di  laboratorium dan rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, pada bulan April sampai Desember 2007. Bakteri endofit diisolasi dari sampel akar tanaman nilam dari beberapa lokasi di Jawa Barat. Isolat-isolat bakteri endofit diseleksi kemampuannya untuk membunuh P. brachyurus dan menginduksi pertumbuhan tanam-an nilam. Isolat bakteri endofit yang potensial selanjutnya diidentifikasi secara molekuler menggunakan primer universal 16S rRNA. Penelitian memperoleh 257 isolat bakteri endofit dengan kerapatan populasi 2,3 x 102 sampai 6,0 x 105  cfu g-1 berat basah akar. Enam puluh isolat (23,34%) di antaranya bersifat antagonis terhadap P. brachyurus dengan mortalitas 70-100%, 72 isolat (28,01%) dapat memacu pertumbuhan tanaman nilam, 93 isolat (36,18%) bersifat netral, dan 32 isolat (12,47%) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman. Berdasarkan hasil peng-ujian antagonis dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman, lima isolat bakteri, yaitu Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16,  Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, dan Bacillus subtilis NJ57 dapat menekan populasi nematoda 74,0-81,6% dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan nilam 46,97-86,79%. Penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa bakteri endofit dari tanaman nilam berpotensi mengendalikan P. brachyurus pada tanaman nilam.<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Nematóides associados a plantas invasoras

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (0) ◽  
pp. 597-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Zem ◽  
Luiz Gonzaga E. Lordello
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Meloidogyne Arenaria ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Pratylenchus Zeae

O presente trabalho trata de nematóides associados a raízes de 71 plantas invasoras, nas quais revelou-se a presença de 8 gêneros e 18 espécies parasitas. As espécies, pela ordem decrescente de freqüência foram: Helicotylenchus dihystera (46%) ; Meloidogyne javanica (24%) ; Meloidogyne incognita (23%); Macroposthonia ornata (17%); Pratylenchus brachyurus (16%) ; Pratylenchus zeae (14%) ; Xiphinemaseiariae (11%); Xiphinema krugi (10%); Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus (5,6%); Meloidogyne arenaria (4,2%); Helicotylenchus dUiysteroides (4,2%) ; Tylenchorhynchus martini (4,2%) ; Aphelenchoides sp. (2,8%) ; Ditylenchus sp. (2,8%) ; Helicotylerfichus microcephalus (2,8%) ; Xiphinema elongatum (2,8%) ; Helicotylenchus egyptiensis (1,4%) e Meloidogyne coffeicola (1,4%). São feitas considerações sobre as implicações para a agricultura de tão ampla distribuição de nematóides em plantas colonizadoras e gramíneas utilizadas como forrageiras.

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