scholarly journals Assessment of Brain Lesions in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension using Magnetic Resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-386
Author(s):  
Qurain Alshammari ◽  
Mohammed Salih ◽  
Moawia Gameraddin ◽  
Bushra Abdelmalik ◽  
Sultan Alshoabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Ischemic Brain Infarction

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN) are risk factors for the spectrum of brain lesions. In this paper, we studied the impact of T2DM and HTN on the incidence of several brain lesions diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods and Results: This retrospective, single-center study was conducted at Royal Care International Hospital (Khartoum, Sudan) from January 2016 to December 2016 and included 80 patients (40 male and 40 female, aged between 20 years and 90 years) with suspected brain disorders. MRI brain examinations were conducted on a 1.5 Tesla MRI system (Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). The following sequences were analyzed: T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Brain lesions were characterized by magnetic imaging spectroscopy and histopathological analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to establish a mathematical model of the relationship between T2DM/HTN and the prevalence of brain lesions. Among 80 patients, HTN, T2D, and the combination of T2D and HTN were identified in 18(22.5%), 9(11.2%), and 11(13.8%) patients, respectively. Brain lesions were found in 48(60%) patients and were most prevalent in the age group of 66-80 years. The brain lesions included ischemic brain infarction (IBI) (22.5%), brain tumors (11.2%), cerebral hemorrhages (6.2%), brain atrophy (BA) (1.2 %), IBI with BA (16.2%), and brain metastases (2.5%). Regression analysis showed that HTN and T2DM were associated with significantly higher ORs for brain lesions ([OR=2.459, 95% CI: 1.673–3.614, P<0.001] and [OR=1.507, 95% CI: 1.067–2.128, P= 0.042], and [OR=1.078, 95% CI:1.033–1.124, P=0.001], respectively). HTN was associated with significantly higher OR for ischemic brain infarction (OR=7.404, 95% CI: 2.600–21.081, P<0.001). Conclusion: The study showed a significant interaction between HTN and T2DM on the prevalence of brain lesions, especially ischemic brain infarction and brain atrophy.

scholarly journals White matter changes after stroke in type 2 diabetic rats measured by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangliang Ding ◽  
Jieli Chen ◽  
Michael Chopp ◽  
Lian Li ◽  
Tao Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Diffusion-related magnetic resonance imaging parametric maps may be employed to characterize white matter of brain. We hypothesize that entropy of diffusion anisotropy may be most effective for detecting therapeutic effects of bone marrow stromal cell treatment of ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced in adult male Wistar rats. These rats were then subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion, and received bone marrow stromal cell (5 × 106, n = 8) or an equal volume of saline ( n = 8) via tail vein injection at three days after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on day one and then weekly for five weeks post middle cerebral artery occlusion. The diffusion metrics complementarily permitted characterization of axons and axonal myelination. All six magnetic resonance imaging diffusion metrics, confirmed by histological measures, demonstrated that bone marrow stromal cell treatment significantly ( p < 0.05) improved magnetic resonance imaging diffusion indices of white matter in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion compared with the saline-treated rats. Superior to the fractional anisotropy metric that provided measures related to organization of neuronal fiber bundles, the entropy metric can also identify microstructures and low-density axonal fibers of cerebral tissue after stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

scholarly journals Multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging quantifies atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin MS Lee ◽  
Cheerag Shirodaria ◽  
Clare E Jackson ◽  
Matthew D Robson ◽  
Charalambos Antoniades ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Endocrine Regulator rFGF21 (Recombinant Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 21) Improves Neurological Outcomes Following Focal Ischemic Stroke of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Male Mice

Stroke ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 3039-3049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghua Jiang ◽  
Ning Liu ◽  
Qingzhi Wang ◽  
Zhanyang Yu ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Neurological Outcomes

Background and Purpose— The complexity and heterogeneity of stroke, as well as the associated comorbidities, may render neuroprotective drugs less efficacious in clinical practice. Therefore, the development of targeted therapies to specific patient subsets has become a high priority in translational stroke research. Ischemic stroke with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a nearly double mortality rate and worse neurological outcomes. In the present study, we tested our hypothesis that rFGF21 (recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 21) administration is beneficial for improving neurological outcomes of ischemic stroke with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods— Type 2 diabetes mellitus db/db and nondiabetic genetic control db/+ mice were subjected into permanent focal ischemia of distal middle cerebral artery occlusion, we examined the effects of poststroke administration with rFGF21 in systemic metabolic disorders, inflammatory gatekeeper PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) activity at 3 days, mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and microglia/macrophage activation at 7 days in the perilesion cortex, and last neurological function deficits, ischemic brain infarction, and white matter integrity up to 14 days after stroke of db/db mice. Results— After permanent focal ischemia, diabetic db/db mice presented confounding pathological features, including metabolic dysregulation, more severe brain damage, and neurological impairment, especially aggravated proinflammatory response and white matter integrity loss. However, daily rFGF21 treatment initiated at 6 hours after stroke for 14 days significantly normalized systemic metabolic disorders, rescued PPARγ activity decline, inhibited proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression, and M1-like microglia/macrophage activation in the brain. Importantly, rFGF21 also significantly reduced white matter integrity loss, ischemic brain infarction, and neurological function deficits up to 14 days after stroke. The potential mechanisms of rFGF21 may in part consist of potent systematic metabolic regulation and PPARγ-activation promotion-associated antiproinflammatory roles in the brain. Conclusions— Taken together, these results suggest rFGF21 might be a novel and potent candidate of the disease-modifying strategy for treating ischemic stroke with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Female type 2 diabetes mellitus mice exhibit severe ischemic brain damage

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Sakata ◽  
Masaki Mogi ◽  
Jun Iwanami ◽  
Kana Tsukuda ◽  
Li-Juan Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Ischemic Brain Damage ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Female Type
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