Pregnancy Outcomes in HIV-Infected Women: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in India

Background and Objectives: There is conflicting data on the effect of HIV infection as well as antiretroviral therapy (ART) on pregnancy outcome. The objectives of this study were to compare pregnancy outcomes in women with and without HIV infection, and to evaluate the effect of HAART on pregnancy in HIV-infected women.Methods: This is a prospective case record analysis of 212 HIV-infected women delivering between 2002 and 2015, in a tertiary health care center in India. The pregnancy outcome in HIV-infected women was compared to 238 HIV-uninfected controls. Women received ART for prevention of mother to child transmission as per protocol which varied during the period of study. Effect of use of ART on preterm birth (PTB) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was analyzed.Results: HIV-infected women were more likely to have PTB, IUGR, and anemia (9.4%, 9.9%, 5.2%) compared to uninfected women (7.6%, 5%, 3.8%), this did not reach statistical significance (P-value = >0.05). The incidence of PIH, diabetes mellitus and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was similar in both groups. Mean birth weight was significantly lower in neonates of HIV-infected women (2593.60±499g) than HIV-uninfected women (2919±459g) [P-value=0.001]. neonatal intensive care unit admissions were also significantly higher in infants born to HIV-infected women (P-value=0.002). HIV-infected women on ART had decreased incidence of PTB and IUGR.Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Good antenatal care and multidisciplinary team approach can optimize pregnancy outcomes in HIV-infected women.Key words: Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Preterm Birth • Intrauterine Growth Restriction • Antiretroviral TherapyCopyright © 2017 Dadhwal et al.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Com-mons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Physical activity during pregnancy and fetal outcomes: a case-control study

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-89102010000100010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 90-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Monica Yuri Takito ◽

Maria Helena D'Aquino Benício

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

P Value ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Control Study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between physical activity during the second trimester pregnancy and low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction. METHODS: Case-control study including 273 low birth weight newborns and 546 controls carried out in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2005. Low birth weight cases were grouped into two subsamples: preterm birth (n=117) and intrauterine growth restriction (n=134), with their related controls. Information was collected by means of interviews with mothers shortly after birth and transcription of medical records. Data were analyzed using conditional multiple and hierarchical logistic regression. RESULTS: Light physical activity for over 7 hours per day was shown to be protective against low birth weight (adjusted OR=0.61; 95% CI 0.39-0.94) with a dose-response relationship (p-value for trend=0.026). A similar trend was found for intrauterine growth restriction (adjusted OR=0.51; 95% CI 0.26-0.97). Homemaking activities were associated as a protective factor for both low birth weight and preterm birth (p-value for trend=0.013 and 0.035, respectively). Leisure-time walking was found to be protective against preterm birth. CONCLUSIONS: Mild physical activity during the second trimester of pregnancy such as walking has an independent protective effect on low birth weight, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction.

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Abstract MP13: Prospective Associations of Prenatal Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity Trajectories With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.mp13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Bethany Barone Gibbs ◽

Melissa A Jones ◽

John M Jakicic ◽

Arundhathi Jeyebalan ◽

Kara M Whitaker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) are risk factors for future cardiovascular disease. Though factors such as obesity increase the risk of APO, whether patterns of prenatal sedentary behavior (SED) or physical activity are associated with APO is unclear. Methods: This cohort study measured objective SED, steps, and moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) during each trimester of pregnancy. Women were instructed to wear two monitors for 7 d: a thigh-mounted activPAL3 micro to measure SED and steps, and an Actigraph GT3X on an elastic waist belt to measure MVPA. Women also completed a detailed wear log. Data were considered valid with ≥4 d of ≥10 hr of wear. Physician-diagnosed APO (gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, or intrauterine growth restriction) were abstracted from medical records by trained research personnel. Growth mixture modelling was used to construct separate SED, steps, and MVPA trajectories across pregnancy. Associations between trajectory groups and APO were evaluated using logistic regression with adjustment for prepregnancy BMI, race, education, and age. Results: Women (n=100) had mean (SD) age 31.2 (4.8) yr, pregnancy BMI 26.2 (6.8) kg/m 2 , and were 25% non-white. Trajectory analyses revealed three groups within each SED, steps, and MVPA (see Table). Nineteen women (19%) had at least one APO: gestational hypertension and/or preeclampsia (n=13), gestational diabetes (n=3), preterm birth (n=6), or intrauterine growth restriction (n=4). High vs. low SED trajectory was associated with more than 6-fold higher odds of APO. Medium and high vs. low steps trajectory was associated with lower odds of APO, but only medium vs. low trajectories were statistically different. MVPA trajectory was not associated with APO risk (see Table). Conclusion: Reducing SED and increasing daily steps, though not increasing MVPA, could be novel intervention targets for reducing APO and future cardiovascular risk in pregnant women.

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Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Low Birth Weight, and Preterm Birth: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Their Association With Maternal Periodontitis

Journal of Periodontology ◽

10.1902/jop.2007.070196 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 78 (12) ◽

pp. 2266-2276 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Fernanda Mafra Siqueira ◽

Luís Otávio Miranda Cota ◽

José Eustáquio Costa ◽

João Paulo Amaral Haddad ◽

Ângela Maria Quintão Lana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

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Heart morphology differences induced by intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth measured on the ECG at preadolescent age

Journal of Electrocardiology ◽

10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2016.03.011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 401-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nuria Ortigosa ◽

Merida Rodriguez-Lopez ◽

Raquel Bailón ◽

Sebastian Imre Sarvari ◽

Marta Sitges ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Intrauterine Growth

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First trimester uterine artery Doppler and subsequent intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2004.09.085 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 191 (6) ◽

pp. S22

Author(s):

Lorraine Dugoff ◽

John Hobbins ◽

Vincent Faber ◽

Fergal Malone ◽

Michael Belfort ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Uterine Artery ◽

First Trimester ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Uterine Artery Doppler ◽

Intrauterine Growth

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Pregnancy Outcome in Uterine Anomalies

The Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10045-0052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 31-33

Author(s):

Nagendra Prasad ◽

James Thingujam

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Preterm Labor ◽

Premature Rupture ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Preterm Premature Rupture ◽

Uterine Anomalies ◽

Uterine Anomaly

ABSTRACT Maternal with congenitial anomalies are known to have higher incidence of infertility, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal malposition, preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membrane and increased cesaerean section rate. Study Design This is retrospective study, the pregnancies with uterine anomaly confirmed by ultrasound between Jan 2016 to jan 2017 at our hospital was taken and its outcome is observed. Reults The majority of preterm delivery in our study are mainly associated with septate and bicornuate uterus. Cesaerean section comprised of 80% and its major indication is due to fetal malpresentation (breech). Thus Pregnancy outcomes of individual depending on the type of uterine anomalies. How to cite this article Nagarathnamma R, James T, Prasad N. Pregnancy Outcome in Uterine Anomalies. J Med Sci 2017;3(1):31-33.

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