scholarly journals Deductive systems with unified multiple-conclusion rules

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-105
Author(s):  
Alex Citkin
Keyword(s):  
Classical Logic ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Deductive Systems

Our goal is to develop a syntactical apparatus for propositional logics in which the accepted and rejected propositions have the same status and are being treated in the same way. The suggested approach is based on the ideas of Ƚukasiewicz used for the classical logic and in addition, it includes the use of multiple conclusion rules. A special attention is paid to the logics in which each proposition is either accepted or rejected.

Modeling Intraindividual Variability in Three-Level Multilevel Models

Methodology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Nestler ◽  
Katharina Geukes ◽  
Mitja D. Back
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Model ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Abstract. The mixed-effects location scale model is an extension of a multilevel model for longitudinal data. It allows covariates to affect both the within-subject variance and the between-subject variance (i.e., the intercept variance) beyond their influence on the means. Typically, the model is applied to two-level data (e.g., the repeated measurements of persons), although researchers are often faced with three-level data (e.g., the repeated measurements of persons within specific situations). Here, we describe an extension of the two-level mixed-effects location scale model to such three-level data. Furthermore, we show how the suggested model can be estimated with Bayesian software, and we present the results of a small simulation study that was conducted to investigate the statistical properties of the suggested approach. Finally, we illustrate the approach by presenting an example from a psychological study that employed ecological momentary assessment.

Geographical features of forest vegetation reflected at the level of the lower-rank syntaxa (evidence from the Russian part of the Upper Dnieper basin)

2017 ◽  
pp. 94-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Semenishchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Central European ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
East European ◽  
Lower Rank ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
European Part Of Russia

Phytogeographical features of forest vegetation at the level of lower-rank syntaxa were being discussed in literature since the early 20th century (Cajander, 1903; Sukachev, 1926; Braun-Blanquet, 1964; Kral et al., 1975; Kleopov, 1990; Bulokhov, 2003; Ellenberg, 2009), however, phytocoenologists still have no uniform interpretation and geographical maintenance of lower classification units. Forest vegetation of the European part of Russia is well studied according to Braun-Blanquet approach with association as a system of geographical subassociations. The paper offers the approaches to the reflection of geographical variations of the natural forest vegetation in the basin of the Upper Dnieper (central part of the East European Plain) at the level of lower-rank syntaxa The xeromesophytic oak woods in the basin of the Upper Dnieper belong to the East European ass. Lathyro nigri–Quercetum roboris Bulokhov et Solomeshch 2003. Floristic differentiation of this association from the similar Central European ass. Potentillo-Quercetum is given. These two associations have large blocks of geographically significant differential species that does not allow to consider them as a part of one association. The suggested approach allows to define the chorological content of units of lower syntaxonomical ranks and make regional classification schemes comparable to each other.

Metatheories of deductive systems

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Babyonyshev
Keyword(s):  
Deductive Systems

POWER SYSTEM STATE ESTIMATION USING A ROBUST ESTIMATOR

2019 ◽  
Vol XVI (4) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Zahid Khan ◽  
Katrina Lane Krebs ◽  
Sarfaraz Ahmad ◽  
Misbah Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Loss Function ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Robust Estimator ◽  
System State ◽  
State Estimator ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Power System State Estimation

State estimation (SE) is a primary data processing algorithm which is utilised by the control centres of advanced power systems. The most generally utilised state estimator is based on the weighted least squares (WLS) approach which is ineffective in addressing gross errors of input data of state estimator. This paper presents an innovative robust estimator for SE environments to overcome the non-robustness of the WLS estimator. The suggested approach not only includes the similar functioning of the customary loss function of WLS but also reflects loss function built on the modified WLS (MWLS) estimator. The performance of the proposed estimator was assessed based on its ability to decrease the impacts of gross errors on the estimation results. The properties of the suggested state estimator were investigated and robustness of the estimator was studied considering the influence function. The effectiveness of the proposed estimator was demonstrated with the help of examples which also indicated non-robustness of MWLS estimator in SE algorithm.

New method for building ASP knowledge base from knowledge in classical logic

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2932-2936
Author(s):  
Ling-zhong ZHAO ◽  
Xue-song WANG ◽  
Jun-yan QIAN ◽  
Guo-yong CAI
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Classical Logic ◽  
New Method

Increasing the capacity of an extended nutrient removal plant by using different techniques

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Andersson ◽  
H. Aspegren ◽  
U. Nyberg ◽  
J. la Cour Jansen ◽  
H. Ødegaard
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Actual Load ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Plant Capacity ◽  
Treatment Step

A comprehensive investigation which included full scale tests was initiated towards the late 1980:s with the primary aim to find an appropriate technology for the Klagshamn wastewater treatment plant in Malmö, Sweden. The finally selected strategy enabled that a concentration of less than 8 mg N/l could be reached in the secondary effluent without having to extend either the primary or secondary treatment step at the actual load on the plant. In order to comply with a future stringent phosphorus standard however, a tertiary filtration plant has to be built. In future, it has to be anticipated that the load on the plant may be doubled due to the fact that a bridge between Malmö and Copenhagen is being built. As a consequence, it was important to continue the upgrading work by estimating the ultimate plant capacity and to look for measures to increase the capacity if necessary. By optimising the plant operation, it seems possible to reach an effluent nitrogen concentration of less than 12 mg/l at a load corresponding to the future design load. The suggested approach implies that the plant has to be operated on the margin and as a consequence the possibility to include a denitrification step as part of the filtration plant was also investigated. As a result, it was decided to build a separate denitrification step at the same time as the filtration plant was built.

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