scholarly journals Characterization of bioactive compound from actinomycetes for antibiofilm activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waturangi, D. E. ◽  
Rahayu, B. S. ◽  
Lalu, K. Y. ◽  
Michael ◽  
Mulyono, N.
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Zinc (Zn) Resistant Bacteria in Banger River, Pekalongan, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-628
Author(s):  
Fitri Arum Sasi ◽  
Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum ◽  
Anto Budiharjo
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Indigenous Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Sequences Analysis

Indigenous bacteria are able to remove the metals contamination in environment. This study aimed to assess the resistance of bacterial species to Zinc (Zn) in Banger River, Pekalongan City. The bacteria from three different parts of Banger River were isolated and inoculated in Zn-selective medium. Then, molecular identification to determine the bacteria species was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by applying forward-reverse 16SrRNA gene primers. The sequences analysis was conducted using MUSCLE and MEGA6. There were seven dominant species that possibly resistant to Zn. Approximately, every isolate could reach more than 95 % from 2000 ppm of Zn in the medium. The higher absorption of Zn was found in Z5 isolate. The seven bacteria species were clustered into nine genera i.e. Klebsiela, Xenorhabdus, Cronobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Shigella and Sporomusa known as Gram Negative bacteria and Clostridium and Bacillus as Gram Positive bacteria. In Gram Positive bacteria, especially Bacillus sp, carboxyl group in peptidoglycan play a role as metal binder. In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is highly anionic component on the outer membrane, able to catch the Zn. Besides that, Enterobacter activates endogen antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The research found there was possible seven novel indigenous bacteria species in Banger that able to remove Zn from the sediment extremely. This finding can be developed as an eco-friendly approach to reduce metals pollution using local microorganisms.

scholarly journals Design and characterization of novel antimicrobial peptides, R-BP100 and RW-BP100, with activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 1828 (3) ◽  
pp. 944-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês M. Torcato ◽  
Yen-Hua Huang ◽  
Henri G. Franquelim ◽  
Diana Gaspar ◽  
David J. Craik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Isolation and characterization of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria capable of producing piceatannol from resveratrol

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (14) ◽  
pp. 5811-5820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiki Furuya ◽  
Naoto Imaki ◽  
Kosuke Shigei ◽  
Masahiko Sai ◽  
Kuniki Kino
Keyword(s):  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

scholarly journals Morphological and Biochemical Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Fresh and Salted Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822)

2016 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Tahara Rohomania ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Anwar Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Shamsur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Morphological and biochemical characterization of different bacteria isolated from eight fresh and salted hilsa collected from four fish markets namely Palashi Bazaar, Karwan Bazaar, Anando Bazaar and New Market of Dhaka city was carried out. Five types of bacteriological culture media namely nutrient agar as generalized complex medium, EMB agar medium for coliform, SS agar for Salmonella-Shigella, MSA for Staphylococcus and TCBS for Vibrio were used to isolate the bacteria associated with the hilsa. In salted hilsa, no microbial growth was observed on SS and TCBS agar plate. A total of 66 bacterial isolates were obtained in the study where detail study of 24 strains (12 Gram positive and 12 Gram negative) using morphological and biochemical characterization was conducted. Variable morphological and biochemical properties of the isolated strains were observed. Gram positive bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus megaterium, B. marinus, Planococcus citreus, Micrococcus varians, M. nishinomiyaensis, Staphylococcus lentus, S. epidermidis, S. aureus and Gram negative bacteria such as Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella spp., Proteus morganii, P. vulgaris, Vibrio sp., Halobacterium sp. were presumptively identified in the current study. Presence of these bacteria in fish indicates the possibility of occurrence of food poisoning. So, care should be taken during handling and consumption of hilsa whether fresh or salted as it carries pathogenic strains of bacteria of public health concern.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 32, Number 1-2,June-Dec 2015, pp 7-13

scholarly journals Drug repurposing: phosphate prodrugs of anticancer and antiviral FDA-approved nucleosides as novel antimicrobials

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 2864-2878
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Pertusati ◽  
Elisa Pileggi ◽  
Jennifer Richards ◽  
Mandy Wootton ◽  
Thijs Van Leemputte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Nucleoside Drugs

Abstract Objectives Following a drug repurposing approach, we aimed to investigate and compare the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of different classes of phosphate prodrugs (HepDirect, cycloSal, SATE and mix SATE) of antiviral and anticancer FDA-approved nucleoside drugs [zidovudine (AZT), floxouridine (FUDR) and gemcitabine (GEM)] against a variety of pathogenic Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Methods Ten prodrugs were synthesized and screened for antibacterial activity against seven Gram-negative and two Gram-positive isolates fully susceptible to traditional antibiotics, alongside six Gram-negative and five Gram-positive isolates with resistance mechanisms. Their ability to prevent and eradicate biofilms of different bacterial pathogens in relation to planktonic growth inhibition was also evaluated, together with their effect on proliferation, viability and apoptosis of different eukaryotic cells. Results The prodrugs showed decreased antibacterial activity compared with the parent nucleosides. cycloSal-GEM-monophosphate (MP) prodrugs 20a and 20b were the most active agents against Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus) and retained their activity against antibiotic-resistant isolates. cycloSal-FUDR-MP 21a partially retained good activity against the Gram-positive bacteria E. faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and S. aureus. Most of the prodrugs tested displayed very potent preventive antibiofilm specific activity, but not curative. In terms of cytotoxicity, AZT prodrugs did not affect apoptosis or cell viability at the highest concentration tested, and only weak effects on apoptosis and/or cell viability were observed for GEM and FUDR prodrugs. Conclusions Among the different prodrug approaches, the cycloSal prodrugs appeared the most effective. In particular, cycloSal (17a) and mix SATE (26) AZT prodrugs combine the lowest cytotoxicity with high and broad antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against Gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Modulation of the Substitution Pattern of 5-Aryl-2-Aminoimidazoles Allows Fine-Tuning of Their Antibiofilm Activity Spectrum and Toxicity

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 6483-6497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elien Peeters ◽  
Geert Hooyberghs ◽  
Stijn Robijns ◽  
Kai Waldrant ◽  
Ami De Weerdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Substitution Pattern ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Activity Spectrum

ABSTRACTWe previously synthesized several series of compounds, based on the 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazole scaffold, that showed activity preventing the formation ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium andPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilms. Here, we further studied the activity spectrum of a number of the most activeN1- and 2N-substituted 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazoles against a broad panel of biofilms formed by monospecies and mixed species of bacteria and fungi. AnN1-substituted compound showed very strong activity against the biofilms formed by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and the fungusCandida albicansbut was previously shown to be toxic against various eukaryotic cell lines. In contrast, 2N-substituted compounds were nontoxic and active against biofilms formed by Gram-negative bacteria andC. albicansbut had reduced activity against biofilms formed by Gram-positive bacteria. In an attempt to develop nontoxic compounds with potent activity against biofilms formed by Gram-positive bacteria for application in antibiofilm coatings for medical implants, we synthesized novel compounds with substituents at both theN1 and 2Npositions and tested these compounds for antibiofilm activity and toxicity. Interestingly, most of theseN1-,2N-disubstituted 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazoles showed very strong activity against biofilms formed by Gram-positive bacteria andC. albicansin various setups with biofilms formed by monospecies and mixed species but lost activity against biofilms formed by Gram-negative bacteria. In light of application of these compounds as anti-infective coatings on orthopedic implants, toxicity against two bone cell lines and the functionality of these cells were tested. TheN1-,2N-disubstituted 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazoles in general did not affect the viability of bone cells and even induced calcium deposition. This indicates that modulating the substitution pattern on positionsN1 and 2Nof the 5-aryl-2-aminoimidazole scaffold allows fine-tuning of both the antibiofilm activity spectrum and toxicity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Carbon Nanoparticles Isolated from Natural Sources against Pathogenic Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheena Varghese ◽  
Sunny Kuriakose ◽  
Soumya Jose
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Uv Visible

This paper describes the isolation of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) from kitchen soot, characterization of the CNPs by UV/visible spectroscopy, SEM and XRD, and their antimicrobial action. The antibacterial activity of the isolated carbon nanoparticles was tested against various pathogenic bacterial strains such as Gram-negative Proteus refrigere and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus haemolyticus. The inhibition zones were measured, and it was found that the carbon nanoparticles isolated from natural sources are active against these Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains.

Microanatomy of the Periplasm of Bacillus Licheniformis

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
B.K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Periplasmic Space ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Periplasm of bacteria is the space outside the permeability barrier of plasma membrane but enclosed by the cell wall. The contents of this special milieu exterior could be regulated by the plasma membrane from the internal, and by the cell wall from the external environment of the cell. Unlike the gram-negative organism, the presence of this space in gram-positive bacteria is still controversial because it cannot be clearly demonstrated. We have shown the importance of some periplasmic bodies in the secretion of penicillinase from Bacillus licheniformis.In negatively stained specimens prepared by a modified technique (Figs. 1 and 2), periplasmic space (PS) contained two kinds of structures: (i) fibrils (F, 100 Å) running perpendicular to the cell wall from the protoplast and (ii) an array of vesicles of various sizes (V), which seem to have evaginated from the protoplast.

Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Paul R. Gross ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Arthritis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document