Leveraging a New Well Delivery Methodology for Stellar Drilling Results Steam Injection Project Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alejandro Terrones Brand ◽  
Miguel Alejandro Basso Mora ◽  
Rajeswary Kandasamy ◽  
Sergio Comarin ◽  
Felipe Rene Bustos Guevara ◽  
...  

Abstract Mexico has set challenging oil and gas production to meet worldwide demand. In order to deliver promised oil production outputs in this challenging environment, the operator came up with efficient partnerships with key service providers to leverage resources and technical know-how whilst encouraging knowledge transfer and drilling project cost reduction. By working with various service companies, the operator creates a competitive environment where each strives to outperform the other. One such success case is in the "S" field, a heavy oil field producing via steam injection in the South of Mexico. Utilizing a creative design and execution methodology, the "S" project team succeeded to deliver improved project performance over the course of drilling the 14 wells in the campaign. The average well operational time was successfully reduced by 10%, hence maximizing the well construction index to 122 m/day and reducing overall well costs. The main strategy to optimize performance is to re-engineer solutions for profitability such as performing a study to replace OBM by WBM, designing a new wellhead system, collaborating with the rig contractor to reduce flat time activities, redesigning cement properties for losses mitigation, improvement of ROP by merging new technologies and local practices, among others. Complementary to this, the strategy is to prioritize realistic areas of improvement by the development and utilization of a new tool called Best of the Best (BoB), a methodology breaking down all well activities in order to measure its fastest time per well and then aiming to achieve that aggressive goal. Detailed follow up in the field allows to reduce operational times by allowing the wellsite team monitor and suggest new and improved ways of doing a routine task all of which result in lower costs per foot. Utilizing this BoB approach and stringent performance monitoring while drilling (pre-actual-post) activity analysis, allowed superior performance to be achieved. The project reached a 60% improvement on well times from the first well drilled to the best performing well. The best well was drilled in 8.68 days versus a field average of 18 days (217 m/day construction index). This generated 369,000 bbls of earlier oil production, 176 days ahead vs client expectations. Furthermore, in coordination with field staff, lessons learned were captured. But this is not enough since fast and effective communication is required, and the BoB methodology provides the solution to share optimization tricks quickly and effectively between crews, to continue well to well improvement and overall project and field level learning. Improved well delivery results is possible only by aligning the detailed planning and execution follow up in both the wellsite and a remote operations centre which monitored drilling activity in real time from town. This synergy and proactive communication system is also a key factor in the project delivery. This paper will present the results from the first application of the ‘Best of Best' (BoB) methodology in Mexico. This successful application enforces the idea that by coupling re-engineering practices to develop a more creative well design along with stringent performance monitoring; any field performance can be improved to deliver stellar results.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Agrawal ◽  
Sharifa Yousif ◽  
Ahmed Shokry ◽  
Talha Saqib ◽  
Osama Keshtta ◽  
...  

Abstract In a giant offshore UAE carbonate oil field, challenges related to advanced maturity, presence of a huge gas-cap and reservoir heterogeneities have impacted production performance. More than 30% of oil producers are closed due to gas front advance and this percentage is increasing with time. The viability of future developments is highly impacted by lower completion design and ways to limit gas breakthrough. Autonomous inflow-control devices (AICD's) are seen as a viable lower completion method to mitigate gas production while allowing oil production, but their effect on pressure drawdown must be carefully accounted for, in a context of particularly high export pressure. A first AICD completion was tested in 2020, after a careful selection amongst high-GOR wells and a diagnosis of underlying gas production mechanisms. The selected pilot is an open-hole horizontal drain closed due to high GOR. Its production profile was investigated through a baseline production log. Several AICD designs were simulated using a nodal analysis model to account for the export pressure. Reservoir simulation was used to evaluate the long-term performance of short-listed scenarios. The integrated process involved all disciplines, from geology, reservoir engineering, petrophysics, to petroleum and completion engineering. In the finally selected design, only the high-permeability heel part of the horizontal drain was covered by AICDs, whereas the rest was completed with pre-perforated liner intervals, separated with swell packers. It was considered that a balance between gas isolation and pressure draw-down reduction had to be found to ensure production viability for such pilot evaluation. Subsequent to the re-completion, the well could be produced at low GOR, and a second production log confirmed the effectiveness of AICDs in isolating free gas production, while enhancing healthy oil production from the deeper part of the drain. Continuous production monitoring, and other flow profile surveys, will complete the evaluation of AICD effectiveness and its adaptability to evolving pressure and fluid distribution within the reservoir. Several lessons will be learnt from this first AICD pilot, particularly related to the criticality of fully integrated subsurface understanding, evaluation, and completion design studies. The use of AICD technology appears promising for retrofit solutions in high-GOR inactive strings, prolonging well life and increasing reserves. Regarding newly drilled wells, dedicated efforts are underway to associate this technology with enhanced reservoir evaluation methods, allowing to directly design the lower completion based on diagnosed reservoir heterogeneities. Reduced export pressure and artificial lift will feature in future field development phases, and offer the flexibility to extend the use of AICD's. The current technology evaluation phases are however crucial in the definition of such technology deployments and the confirmation of their long-term viability.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al Asimi ◽  
Nasar Al Qasabi ◽  
Duc Le ◽  
Yuchen Zhang ◽  
Di Zhu ◽  
...  

Abstract After successful implementation of data analytics for steamflood optimization at the Mukhaizna heavy oil field in Oman late 2018, Occidental expanded the project to two additional areas with a total of 626 wells in 2019, followed by full field coverage of more than 3,200 wells in 2020. In 2019, two separate low-fidelity proxy models were built to model the two pilot areas. The models were updated with more features to account for additional reservoir phenomena and a larger scope. On the proxy engine side, speed and robustness were improved, resulting in reduced CPU processing time and lower cost. Because of advancements in software programing and the pilots’ encouraging production performance, full-field coverage was accelerated so the model could support the efforts in optimizing steam injection during the 2020 OPEC+ production cut, not only to comply with allotted quotas, but also to allocate the resources optimally, especially the costly steam. Good improvements have been observed in overall steamflood performance, the models’ capabilities, and the optimization workflow. The steam/oil ratio has been reduced through the increase in oil production in both expanded study areas while keeping the total steam injection volume constant. Overall field steam utilization was improved both during the 2020 OPEC+ production cuts and during the production ramp-up stage afterward. With the continuous improvement in supporting tools and scripts, most of the steam optimization process steps were automated, from preparing, checking, and formatting input data to analyzing, validating, and visualizing the model outputs. Another result of these improvements was the development of a user-friendly web application to manage the model workflow efficiently. This web app greatly improved the process of case submittals, including data preparation and QC, running models (history matching and forecasting), as well as visualization of the entire workflow. In terms of optimization workflow, these improvements resulted in less time spent by the field optimization engineer in updating, refreshing, and generating new model recommendations. It also helped reduce the time spent by the reservoir management team (RMT) to test and validate the new ideas before field implementation. This paper will describe the improvements in the proxy model and the overall optimization process, show the observed oil production increases, and discuss the challenges faced and the lessons learned.


SPE Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.. Wu ◽  
S.. Vasantharajan ◽  
M.. El-Mandouh ◽  
P.V.. V. Suryanarayana

Summary In this paper, we present a new, semianalytical gravity-drainage model to predict the oil production of a cyclic-steam-stimulated horizontal well. The underlying assumption is that the cyclic steam injection creates a cylindrical steam chamber in the upper area of the well. Condensed water and heated oil in the chamber are driven by gravity and pressure drawdown toward the well. The heat loss during the soak period and during oil production is estimated under the assumption of vertical and radial conduction. The average temperature change in the chamber during the cycle is calculated using a semianalytical expression. Nonlinear, second-order ordinary differential equations are derived to describe the pressure distribution caused by the two-phase flow in the wellbore. A simple iteration scheme is proposed to solve these equations. The influx of heated oil and condensed water into the horizontal wellbore is calculated under the assumption of steady-state radial flow. The solution from the semianalytical formulation is compared against the results from a commercial thermal simulator for an example problem. It is shown that the model results are in good agreement with those obtained from reservoir simulation. Sensitivity studies for optimization of wellbore length, gravity drainage, bottomhole pressure, and steam-injection rate are conducted with the model. Results indicate that the proposed model can be used in the optimization of individual-well performance in cyclic-steam-injection heavy-oil development. The semianalytical thermal model presented in this work can offer an attractive alternative to numerical simulation for planning heavy-oil field development.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-108
Author(s):  
Vidar Bakkeli ◽  
Arne Backer Grønningsæter

Introduction: There has been an increased focus on the search for innovative ways to use technology to improve services among many public welfare services. However, this focus has been less apparent among municipal substance abuse follow-up and aftercare services. Historically, this is a field that has had weak user involvement. Therefore, we have explored user ideas and reflections on whether and how technological innovation can improve these services. Method: We conducted four group sessions with a total of 14 users of substance abuse follow-up services (five women and nine men) in the southern part of Norway in June of 2014 and February of 2016. Results: The users who participated in the study pointed out that face-to-face interaction with service practitioners is an important dimension of these services. Some expressed fear that more technology might lead to services that are less relational or more standardized and that such developments might lead to reduced availability. They pointed out that enhancing individualization, continuity and service collaboration might be more important than prioritizing technology-oriented innovation. Nevertheless, the users viewed technology as positive and useful when it improves service accessibility and communication between service providers and users. More generally, the data also shed light on users’ service experiences. The analysis of these data shows that access to support from peers who have had user experiences was found to be particularly valuable. Discussion: We contribute to the literature on co-production and user involvement by highlighting user perspectives on the risks, uncertainties and possibilities for the use of new technologies in service delivery. Based on these findings, we develop the ‘co-production triangle’. In this model, the relationship between the service provider and the user is expanded to include skilled peers as a third actor. Keywords: User involvement, co-production, technology, follow-up care, addiction, peer support


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 932-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Osei-Marfo ◽  
E. Awuah ◽  
N. K. de Vries

Abstract The current status of biogas technology in Ghana, a developing country, was explored focusing on factors affecting dissemination of the technology and the associated challenges. Data collection was by personal interview and physical observations, and was conducted between July and October 2017. Non-probabilistic sampling procedures were used to select 61 respondents from 162 users, while 54 digesters were selected from 120 digester sites. The findings revealed that: initial installation and maintenance costs appear high; the needs of most biogas users had not been fully met, thus, they were only partially satisfied with the outcome of the technology; and 21% of the biogas service providers were engineers and 79% from other disciplines (plumbers, masons, carpenters, and graduates from arts, social sciences, business, etc.). These factors affect technology diffusion. In addition, bottlenecks for more intense use of biogas technology that need to be addressed include lack of government subsidies or financial support, poor or unstandardized digester design, lack of gas production, lack of follow-up, lack of maintenance, lack of monitoring, and market value for bio-fertiliser (digestate). It is recommended that financial institutions support individuals and institutions with soft loans to acquire biogas digesters/plants, and that a regulatory body be formed for the activities of biogas service providers in developing countries.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wu ◽  
Hanzhi Fang ◽  
Hu Sun ◽  
Feifei Zhang ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
...  

Abstract Unconventional reservoirs such as shale and tight sandstones that with ultra-low permeability, are becoming increasingly significant in global energy structures (Pejman T, et al., 2017). For these reservoirs, successful hydraulic fracturing is the key to extract the hydrocarbon resources efficiently and economically. However, the intrinsic mechanisms of fracturing growth in the tight formations are still unclear. In practice, fracturing design mainly depends on hypothetical models and previous experience, which leads to difficulties in evaluating the performance of the fracturing jobs. Therefore, an improved method to optimize parameters for fracturing is necessary and beneficial to the industry. In this paper, a data-driven approach is used to evaluate the factors that dominate the production rate from tight sandstone formation in Changqing Field which is the largest oil field in China. In the model, the input parameters are classified into two categories: controllable parameters (e.g. stage numbers, fracturing fluid volume) and uncontrollable parameters (e.g. formation properties), and the output parameter is the accumulated oil production of the wells. Data for more than 100 wells from different formations and zones in Changqing Field are collected for this study. First, a stepwise data mining method is used to identify the correlations between the target parameter and all the available input parameters. Then, a machine learning model is developed to predict the well productivity for a given set of input parameters accurately. The model is validated by using separate data-sets from the same field. An optimize algorithm is combined with the data-driven model to maximize the cumulative oil production for wells by tuning the controllable parameters, which provides the optimized fracturing design. By using the developed model, low productivity wells are identified and new fracturing designs are recommended to improve the well productivity. This paper is useful for understanding the effects of designed fracturing parameters on well productivity in Changqing Oilfield. Furthermore, it can be extended to other unconventional oil fields by training the model with according data sets. The method helps operators to select more effective parameters for fracturing design, and therefore reduce the operation costs for fracturing and improve the oil and gas production.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Raniolo ◽  
Silvia Mancini ◽  
Silvia Vimercati ◽  
Pablo Hugo Gentil ◽  
Davide Simeone ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
J. Salvador Flores Mondragón ◽  
César Andres Bernal Huicochea ◽  
Luis Silvestre Zamudio Rivera ◽  
Eduardo Buenrostro González ◽  
Luis Manuel Perera Pérez ◽  
...  

In mature fields, low oil production, increased gas production and water fractional flow of low pressure reservoir combined with the mobility ratio between the gas and oil feed contacts the w/o induced by the oil extraction process are accentuated in naturally fractured reservoirs (NFR) -. It is common N2 injection for pressure maintenance and decline of oil production; however N2 causes channeling towards producing wells. In various fields - NFR, closure of oil production by this mechanism loss value make unprofitable oil production and surface facilities for handling demanding high volume gas and / or water or gas production out of specification. In volumes estimated residual oil trapped in areas invaded by the gas cap and in areas of lower conductivity can be recovered if it has clearly identified enhanced recovery processes. Previous efforts to this work results showed potential benefits in terms of increased oil production and the significant reduction of Gas-Oil Ratio (GOR) and the technical and economic feasibility of using this type of process with surfactants developed specifically for the conditions of this area The technology tested and evaluated under methodological process is based on new supramolecular complexes wettability modifier, corrosion inhibitor and able to generate stable foams under high pressure, temperature and salinity, which penetrate and invade the channels of high conductivity formation cause decreased flow of gas by reducing gas mobility. The product in the liquid phase diffuses into the channels of lower conductivity which cannot penetrate the foam, and by spontaneous imbibition mechanism resulting from the change of wettability of the rock surface and reducing interfacial tension and favors an increase the oil recovery factor in naturally fractured reservoirs. The application of a methodological process allowed the parameters measurement and evaluation of test results, visualizing future opportunities for the new chemicals. This project was approved after evaluation from a process of allocation of federal funds. With the purpose of defining the further steps in the search for the chemicals stability and risk mitigation stages of industrial upgrading for the complexity the NFR, the following discussion is presented. In order to accelerate the knowledge of new technologies and its deployment on the field, PEMEX has diversified the efforts, to achieve the principal goals regarding new technologies. This will provide greater ability to assess best practices and technologies. To evaluate the efforts of companies a performance assessment model was designed and apply from 2008, which takes into account the integral complexity of each technology to attend the specific challenges from an Asset and to be fair in comparing the results obtained for the particular design of the test. The aim of this paper is to describe the results and the methodology used for developing the performance evaluation and identifying the new opportunities in the state of the art of these tests.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e29911493
Author(s):  
Lucas Henrique Pagoto Deoclecioa ◽  
Solivan Souza de Oliveira ◽  
Wanderley Cardoso Celeste ◽  
Gisele de Lorena Diniz Chaves ◽  
Ana Paula Meneguelo

In order that the production and profits of petroleum companies do not decline, new oil field need to be discovered and exploited. Many of these new discoveries are offshore deepwater fields. However, the drop in oil prices in the last few years has made this type of exploration, which is already challenging in itself, even more difficult, so that companies are postponing or even canceling several deepwater projects. Innovation, new technologies and new concepts of oil and gas production and processing are necessary to make deepwater projects feasible and increase their competitiveness. The aim of this paper was to analyze the subsea processing of oil production as a strategy to reduce both capital and operating costs to enable remote offshore exploration. In addition, a discussion of the benefits and challenges of this strategy was also presented. It also includes a case study at the Lula field, in Brazilian pre-salt. Results demonstrate that the use of subsea separation has great potential to reduce OPEX and CAPEX on offshore projects. The current case study demonstrates a cost reduction due to the investment in the separators of around US$ 6.1 billion, a reduction about 6 to 12 times in the power needed to lift the production and a reduction of about 5 to 7 times in the expenditures with natural gas as fuel for the evaluated scenarios.


2016 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.G. Scrimgeour

This paper provides a stocktake of the status of hill country farming in New Zealand and addresses the challenges which will determine its future state and performance. It arises out of the Hill Country Symposium, held in Rotorua, New Zealand, 12-13 April 2016. This paper surveys people, policy, business and change, farming systems for hill country, soil nutrients and the environment, plants for hill country, animals, animal feeding and productivity, and strategies for achieving sustainable outcomes in the hill country. This paper concludes by identifying approaches to: support current and future hill country farmers and service providers, to effectively and efficiently deal with change; link hill farming businesses to effective value chains and new markets to achieve sufficient and stable profitability; reward farmers for the careful management of natural resources on their farm; ensure that new technologies which improve the efficient use of input resources are developed; and strategies to achieve vibrant rural communities which strengthen hill country farming businesses and their service providers. Keywords: farming systems, hill country, people, policy, productivity, profitability, sustainability


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