Remote Gas Measurement for Production Allocation: Douglas Creek Arch Region, Colorado

ABSTRACT Supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses can be measured by resolving the dynamical influences of the SMBHs on tracers of the central potentials. Modern long-baseline interferometers have enabled the use of molecular gas as such a tracer. We present here Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the elliptical galaxy NGC 7052 at 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$11 ($37\,$pc) resolution in the 12CO(2-1) line and $1.3\,$ mm continuum emission. This resolution is sufficient to resolve the region in which the potential is dominated by the SMBH. We forward model these observations, using a multi-Gaussian expansion of a Hubble Space Telescope F814W image and a spatially constant mass-to-light ratio to model the stellar mass distribution. We infer an SMBH mass of $2.5\pm 0.3\times 10^{9}\, \mathrm{M_\odot }$ and a stellar I-band mass-to-light ratio of $4.6\pm 0.2\, \mathrm{M_\odot /L_{\odot ,I}}$ (3σ confidence intervals). This SMBH mass is significantly larger than that derived using ionized gas kinematics, which however appears significantly more kinematically disturbed than the molecular gas. We also show that a central molecular gas deficit is likely to be the result of tidal disruption of molecular gas clouds due to the strong gradient in the central gravitational potential.

Prehospital Diagnosis of Shortness of Breath Caused by Profound Metformin-Associated Metabolic Acidosis

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9010074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Pietro Elias Fubini ◽

Laurent Suppan

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Acidosis ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Blood Gases ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Potential Harm ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Common Causes ◽

Prehospital Diagnosis ◽

Gas Measurement

Shortness of breath is a common complaint among patients in emergency medicine. While most common causes are usually promptly identified, less frequent aetiologies might be challenging to diagnose, especially in the pre-hospital setting. We report a case of prehospital dyspnoea initially ascribed to pulmonary oedema which turned out to be the result of profound metformin-associated metabolic acidosis. This diagnosis was already made during the prehospital phase by virtue of arterial blood gas measurement. Pre-hospital measurement of arterial blood gases is therefore feasible and can improve diagnostic accuracy in the field, thus avoiding unnecessary delay and potential harm to the patient before initiating the appropriate therapeutic actions.

Near-infrared resonant photoacoustic gas measurement using simultaneous dual-frequency excitation

Applied Physics B ◽

10.1007/s00340-010-3994-x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 189-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. M. Rey ◽

C. Romer ◽

M. Gianella ◽

M. W. Sigrist

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Dual Frequency ◽

Gas Measurement ◽

Frequency Excitation

Clinical evaluation of an instrument to measure carbon dioxide tension at the oxygenator gas outlet in cardiopulmonary bypass

Perfusion ◽

10.1191/0267659106pf842oa ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 21-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Frode Kristiansen ◽

Jan Olav Høgetveit ◽

Thore H Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Carbon Dioxide Tension ◽

Circuit Board ◽

Separate Analysis ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Gas Measurement ◽

Venous Blood Gas

This paper presents the clinical testing of a new capno-graph designed to measure the carbon dioxide tension at the oxygenator exhaust outlet in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). During CPB, there is a need for reliable, accurate and instant estimates of the arterial blood CO2 tension (PaCO2) in the patient. Currently, the standard practice for measuring PaCO2 involves the manual collection of intermittent blood samples, followed by a separate analysis performed by a blood gas analyser. Probes for inline blood gas measurement exist, but they are expensive and, thus, unsuitable for routine use. A well-known method is to measure PexCO2, ie, the partial pressure of CO2 in the exhaust gas output from the oxygenator and use this as an indirect estimate for PaCO2. Based on a commercially available CO2 sensor circuit board, a laminar flow capnograph was developed. A standard sample line with integrated water trap was connected to the oxygenator exhaust port. Fifty patients were divided into six different groups with respect to oxygenator type and temperature range. Both arterial and venous blood gas samples were drawn from the CPB circuit at various temperatures. Alfa-stat corrected pCO2 values were obtained by running a linear regression for each group based on the arterial temperature and then correcting the PexCO2 accordingly. The accuracy of the six groups was found to be (±SD): ±4.3, ±4.8, ±5.7, ±1.0, ±3.7 and ±2.1%. These results suggest that oxygenator exhaust capnography is a simple, inexpensive and reliable method of estimating the PaCO2 in both adult and pediatric patients at all relevant temperatures.

Natural gas measurement technology system and its prospect in China

Natural Gas Industry B ◽

10.1016/j.ngib.2020.01.005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 370-379

Author(s):

Honggang Chang ◽

Jiqin Duan

Keyword(s):

Natural Gas ◽

Measurement Technology ◽

Technology System ◽

Gas Measurement

Optimization of production allocation and transportation of customer orders for a leading forest products company

Mathematical and Computer Modelling ◽

10.1016/j.mcm.2007.12.025 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (7-8) ◽

pp. 1158-1169 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Mehmet Aydinel ◽

Taraneh Sowlati ◽

Ximena Cerda ◽

Eric Cope ◽

Mats Gerschman

Keyword(s):

Forest Products ◽

Production Allocation ◽

Customer Orders

National standards for gas measurement and gas-meters

Journal of the Franklin Institute ◽

10.1016/0016-0032(66)90640-5 ◽

1866 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 117

Keyword(s):

National Standards ◽

Gas Measurement