A Novel Branched Polymer Gel System with Delayed Gelation Property for Conformance Control

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tao Song ◽  
Qi Feng ◽  
Thomas Schuman ◽  
Jie Cao ◽  
Baojun Bai
Keyword(s):  
Gelation Time ◽  
Polymer Gels ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Conformance Control ◽  
Branched Polymer ◽  
Chelating Ability ◽  
Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide ◽  
Gel System

Summary Excessive water production from oil reservoirs not only affects the economical production of oil, but it also results in serious environmental concerns. Polymer gels have been widely applied to decrease water production and thus improve oil production. However, traditional polymer gels such as partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)/chromium (III) gel systems usually have a short gelation time and cannot meet the requirement of some conformance control projects. This paper introduces a novel polymer gel system of which crosslinking time can be significantly delayed. A branched polymer grafted from arginine by the surface initiation method is synthesized as the backbone, chromium acetate is used as the crosslinker, and no additional additives are used for the gel system. The results show that the gelation time of this system can be delayed to 61 days at 45°C and 20 days at 65°C because of the rigid structure of the branched polymer and the excellent chromium (III) chelating ability of arginine. The polymer gels have been stable for more than 150 days at 45 and 65°C. Coreflooding and rheology tests have demonstrated that this branched polymer has good injectivity and shear resistance in high-permeabilityrocks.

scholarly journals Modeling of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide-Hexamine-Hydroquinone Gel System Used for Profile Modification Jobs in the Oil Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upendra Singh Yadav ◽  
Vikas Mahto
Keyword(s):  
Gelation Time ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Profile Modification ◽  
Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide ◽  
Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide ◽  
Gel System

The cross-linked polymer gel systems are being used increasingly to redirect or modify reservoir fluid movement in the vicinity of injection wells for the purpose of permeability/profile modification job in the oil field due to their high temperature stability and capability to provide rigid gel having high mechanical strength. In this study, a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide-hexamine-hydroquinonegel is used for the development of polymer gel system. The experimental investigation demonstrates that the gelation time varies with polymer and crosslinker concentration and the temperature. The mathematical model is developed with the help of gelation kinetics of polymer gel and using Arrhenius equation, which relates the gelation time with polymer, crosslinker concentrations, and temperature. The developed model is solved with the help of multivariate regression method. It is observed in this study that the theoretical values of gelation time have good agreement with the experimental values.

scholarly journals Delayed Crosslinking Amphiphilic Polymer Gel System with Adjustable Gelation Time Based on Competitive Inclusion Method

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Xu ◽  
Huiming Zhang ◽  
He Bian
Keyword(s):  
Gelation Time ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Amphiphilic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Polymer Backbone ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
Inclusion Method ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Resistance Performance ◽  
Gel System

Delayed crosslinking polymer gel systems are widely utilized in deep profile control processes for water production control in oilfields. In this paper, a kind of delayed crosslinking amphiphilic polymer gel system with adjustable gelation time based on competitive inclusion was prepared and its delayed crosslinking gelling properties were studied. The amphiphilic polymer of P(acrylamide (AM)–sodium acrylate (NaA)–N-dodecylacrylamide (DDAM)) was synthesized and it showed much better salt resistance, temperature resistance, and shear resistance performance compared with hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM). Phenol can be controlled released from the the cavity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) ring in the presence of the hydrophobic group used as the competitive inclusion agent in the amphiphilic polymer backbone. Accordingly, the gelation time of the delayed crosslinking amphiphilic polymer gel system is closely related to release rate of the crosslinker from the the cavity of β-CD ring. This study screened an amphiphilic polymer with good salt resistance and temperature resistance performance, which can be used in high temperature and high salinity reservoirs, and provided a feasible way to control the gelation time of the polymer gel system by the competitive inclusion method.

scholarly journals An Optimization Study of Polyacrylamide-Polyethylenimine-Based Polymer Gel for High Temperature Reservoir Conformance Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulhelmi Amir ◽  
Ismail Mohd Saaid ◽  
Badrul Mohamed Jan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gelation Time ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Conformance Control ◽  
Crosslinked Polymer ◽  
Optimization Study

This paper presents optimization formulation of organically crosslinked polymer gel for high temperature reservoir conformance control using response surface methodology (RSM). It is always desirable to approach an optimal polymer gel formulation study with adequate performance information related to viscosity and gelation time to minimize excessive water production. In this paper, the effects of polymer and crosslinker concentrations and their influences on gelation time and viscosity were investigated. Central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the optimized organically crosslinked polymer gel formulation. Concentrations of two main raw materials, namely, polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyethylenimine (PEI), were varied in a suitable range. This was to obtain the formulation with the desirable two vital responses, which are viscosity and gelation time. It was found that the results fitted the quadratic equation. Statistically, the quadratic model is reliable and adequate perfectly the variability of the responses obtained from the experimental data. In addition, gelation time and gel viscosity may be controlled by adjusting both polymer and crosslinker concentrations. The optimum formulated organically crosslinked polymer gel with significant desirability factor conditions was achieved at 1.5% w/v of PAM and 0.3% v/v of PEI.

scholarly journals Experimental evaluation and tomographic characterization of polymer gel conformance treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Mina Kalateh-Aghamohammadi ◽  
Jafar Qajar ◽  
Feridun Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Pore Space ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Formation Water ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Conformance Control ◽  
Formation Water Salinity ◽  
Excessive Water

Excessive water production from hydrocarbon reservoirs is considered as one of major problems, which has numerous economic and environmental consequences. Polymer-gel remediation has been widely used to reduce excessive water production during oil and gas recovery by plugging high permeability zones and improving conformance control. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a HPAM/PEI (water-soluble Hydrolyzed PolyAcrylaMide/PolyEthyleneImine) polymer-gel system for pore space blockage and permeability reduction for conformance control purpose. First, the gel optimum composition, resistance to salt and long life time are determined using bottle tests as a standard method to specify polymer-gel properties. Then the performance and stability of the optimized polymer-gel are tested experimentally using coreflood tests in sandpack core samples. The effects of different parameters such as gel concentration, initial permeability of the cores, and formation water salinity on the final permeability of the cores are examined. Finally, the gel flow-induced local porosity changes are studied in both a sandpack core and a real carbonate sample using grayscale intensity data provided from 3D Computed Tomography (CT) images in pre- and post-treatment states. The results show that the gel system has a good strength at the middle formation water salinity (in the range of typical sea water salinity). In addition, despite a higher performance in high permeability cores, the gel resistance to degradation in such porous media is reduced. The CT images reveal that the initial porosity distribution has a great influence on the performance of the gel to block the pore space.

scholarly journals The Thermal Gelation Behavior and Performance Evaluation of High Molecular Weight Nonionic Polyacrylamide and Polyethyleneimine Mixtures for Indepth Water Control in Mature Oilfields

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Yi ◽  
Ruiquan Liao ◽  
Shunshe Luo ◽  
Junliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Gelation Time ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Thermal Gelation ◽  
Gelation Behavior ◽  
Gel System

A delayed crosslinked polymer gel was developed for indepth water control in mature oilfields. The thermal gelation behavior of nonionic polyacrylamide (NPAM) and PEI was investigated, and sodium citrate (NaCit) was selected as a new retarder to prolong the gelation time. The gelation performance of NPAM/PEI gel system can be adjusted by the variation of NPAM or PEI concentration, and a quadratic model was developed by statistical analysis, which predict the gelation time of NPAM/PEI gel system. The obtained model showed high significance and good reliability as suggested by the F-ratio of 175.16 and high adjusted R-square value (0.9732). The decrease of the initial pH value of gelling solution leads to the weaker gel viscosity and longer gelation time due to the protonation of amine groups on the PEI chains. Increasing temperature resulted in higher gel viscosity but shorter gelation time. The addition of NaCit showed a good delayed gelation effect on the NPAM/PEI gel system, and the gel system in the presence of NaCit exhibited a good compatibility with injected and formation water. A dense three-dimensional structure was observed in matured NPAM/PEI/NaCit gel, and it could keep stable below 150℃. The gel system could effectively reduce the permeability (>95%) and restricted the flow of water after matured in natural cores.

Research on deep profile control technology of polymer gel with low hydrolytic degree

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1087-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Jianguang Wei ◽  
Runnan Zhou ◽  
Haiqiao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Gelation Time ◽  
Polymer Gels ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Deep Profile ◽  
Enhance Oil Recovery

Polymer gels have attracted increasing interest as profile control agent to control water content and enhance oil recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs. However, retarding the gel crosslinking reaction of polymer and making it farther in the reservoir has become a difficulty in deep profile control. In this article, polyacrylamide with low degree of hydrolysis was prepared to react slowly with chromium ion to form gel, which was used for adjusting water injection profile. The microstructure of polymer gel was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Core displacement experiments were used to evaluate the profile adjustment capability of polymer gels. It was found that the gel prepared by crosslinking the 5% polyacrylamide with chromium acetate can retard gelation time to 30 days in comparison with the conventional polymer gels when the polymer concentration reached to 1500 mg/L. The gel can form a regular spatial network which increases the viscosity from 80.2 to 6578 mPa · s. The results obtained by the core flooding experiment prove that the polymer gel has good profile control ability and further demonstrate the future potential of polymer gel to enhance oil recovery.

scholarly journals The Thermal Gelation Behavior and Performance Evaluation of High Molecular Weight Nonionic Polyacrylamide and Polyethyleneimine Mixtures for In-Depth Water Control in Mature Oilfields

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4142
Author(s):  
Yi Qin ◽  
Ruiquan Liao ◽  
Shunshe Luo ◽  
Junliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Gelation Time ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Thermal Gelation ◽  
Gelation Behavior ◽  
Depth Water ◽  
Gel System

A delayed crosslinked polymer gel was developed for in-depth water control in mature oilfields. The thermal gelation behavior of nonionic polyacrylamide (NPAM) and PEI was investigated, and sodium citrate (NaCit) was selected as a new retarder to prolong the gelation time. The gelation performance of NPAM/PEI gel system can be adjusted by varying NPAM or PEI concentration, and a quadratic model is developed by statistical analysis, which predicts the gelation time of NPAM/PEI gel system. The obtained model shows high significance and good reliability, as suggested by the F-ratio of 175.16 and high adjusted R-square value (0.9732). The addition of NaCit exhibits a good delayed gelation effect on the NPAM/PEI gel system, better than that of NaCl. The decrease of the initial pH value of the gelling solution leads to the weaker gel viscosity and longer gelation time due to the protonation of amine groups on the PEI chains. Increasing temperature results in higher gel viscosity but shorter gelation time. The gel system in the presence of NaCit exhibits good compatibility with injection and formation water. A dense three-dimensional structure was observed in matured NPAM/PEI/NaCit gel, and it could keep stable below 160 °C. The gel system could effectively reduce the permeability (>95%) and restricted the flow of water after matured in natural cores.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document