High-Sensitivity, Portable Online Measurement of Defects and Anomalies in Coiled Tubing Strings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Aziz ◽  
Reyah Abdula ◽  
Mohamad Al-Dujaili
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Currents ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Magnetic Flux Leakage ◽  
Online Measurement ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Magnetic Inspection ◽  
Flux Leakage

Abstract A high-sensitivity, low-power and portable coiled-tubing (CT) inspection tool is developed based on magnetic flux leakage (MFL) technology. The tool provides enhanced real-time integrity monitoring of CT operations to minimize the risks of unexpected failures and enable efficient management of CT operations. This paper discusses practical design and engineering considerations to enhance the sensitivity of the magnetic inspection head, including magnetic characterization of the CT material, pole-piece separation, parametric calculations of the gap field, eddy currents, and MFL signal bandwidth. Experimental measurements illustrate the capability of detecting defects down to 1 mm in diameter and depth in a 1.5" CT pipe.

Characterization of Defects on Ferromagnetic Tubes Using Magnetic Flux Leakage

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Suresh ◽  
A. Abudhahir ◽  
Jackson Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Magnetic Flux Leakage ◽  
Flux Leakage

Practical evaluation of velocity effects on the magnetic flux leakage technique for storage tank inspection

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
A L Pullen ◽  
P C Charlton ◽  
N R Pearson ◽  
N J Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Eddy Currents ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Magnetic Flux Leakage ◽  
Scanning Velocity ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Practical Evaluation ◽  
Flux Leakage

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) is a technique commonly used to inspect storage tank floors. This paper describes a practical evaluation of the effect of scanning velocity on defect detection in mild steel plates with thicknesses of 6 mm, 12 mm and 16 mm using a fixed permanent magnetic yoke. Each plate includes four semi-spherical defects ranging from 20% to 80% through-wall thickness. It was found that scanning velocity has a direct effect on defect characterisation due to the distorted magnetic field resulting from induced eddy currents that affect the MFL signal amplitude. This occurs when the inspection velocity is increased and a reduction in the MFL signal amplitudes is observed for far-surface defects. The opposite applies for the top surface, where an increase is seen for near-surface MFL amplitudes when there is insufficient flux saturating the inspection material due to the concentration of induced flux near the top surface. These findings suggest that procedures should be altered to minimise these effects based on inspection requirements. For thicker plates and when far-surface defects are of interest, inspection speeds should be reduced. If only near-surface defects are being considered then increased speeds can be used, provided that the sensor range is sufficient to cope with the increased signal amplitudes so that signal clipping does not become an issue.

Characterization of Mechanical Damage Through Use of the Tri-Axial Magnetic Flux Leakage Technology

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Co ◽  
Scott Ironside ◽  
Chuck Ellis ◽  
Garrett Wilkie
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Magnetic Flux Leakage ◽  
Metal Loss ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Flux Leakage

Management of mechanical damage is an issue that many pipeline operators are facing. This paper presents a method to characterize dents based on the analysis of the BJ Vectra Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) tool signals. This is an approach that predicts the severity of mechanical damage by identifying the presence of some key elements such as gouging, cracking, and metal loss within dents as well as multiple dents and wrinkles. Enbridge Pipelines Inc. worked with BJ Services to enhance the knowledge that can be gained from MFL tool signals by defining tool signal subtleties in dents. This additional characterization provides information about the existence of gouging, metal loss, and cracking. This has been accomplished through detailed studies of the ILI data and follow-up field investigations, which validate the predictions. One of the key learnings has been that the radial and circumferential components of the MFL Vectra tool are highly important in the characterization and classification of mechanical damage. Non-destructive examination has verified that predictions in detecting the presence of gouging and cracking (and other defects within dents based on tool signals) have been accurate.

Operator Assessment of ILI Defects

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin W. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Effective Area ◽  
Magnetic Flux Leakage ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Flux Leakage

With the age of the original Panhandle Eastern Pipeline (PEPL) Company pipelines, it’s not a matter of if anomalies will be found when an ILI tool is run, it’s a matter of how many and how severe. When a final report is received from an ILI vendor, burst pressures are typically calculated using Modified B31G, 0.85dL. The results can seem unmanageable, but success has been had doing further assessments on some anomalies without excavating them all. This assessment has been developed and performed by PEPL on three sets of Tuboscope ILI data and one set of Baker Hughes CPIG data. The method to be discussed was first employed in 2002. It provides a more accurate characterization of the defect and provides the company the ability to more effectively allocate resources. Efforts have been made to review the color scan of a vendor’s raw High Resolution Magnetic Flux Leakage (HRMFL) data, and perform an assessment using Effective Area Analysis without excavating hundreds of anomalies that prove no threat to the pipeline. This assessment is done by hand on the computer and in many cases returns a burst pressure higher than that calculated using Modified B31G, 0.85dL. The following is a case study that shows how multiple defects have been assessed prior to excavation in an attempt to more accurately characterize the defect, and allow for a better allocation of resources. Digs have been performed to validate the process, and the results will be discussed.

scholarly journals Magnetic Flux Leakage Course of Inner Defects and Its Detectable Depth

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbo Wu ◽  
Wenqiang Wu ◽  
Erlong Li ◽  
Yihua Kang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Magnetic Flux Leakage ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Flux Leakage

AbstractAs a promising non-destructive testing (NDT) method, magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing has been widely used for steel structure inspection. However, MFL testing still faces a great challenge to detect inner defects. Existing MFL course researches mainly focus on surface-breaking defects while that of inner defects is overlooked. In the paper, MFL course of inner defects is investigated by building magnetic circuit models, performing numerical simulations, and conducting MFL experiments. It is found that the near-surface wall has an enhancing effect on the MFL course due to higher permeability of steel than that of air. Further, a high-sensitivity MFL testing method consisting of Helmholtz coil magnetization and induction coil with a high permeability core is proposed to increase the detectable depth of inner defects. Experimental results show that inner defects with buried depth up to 80.0 mm can be detected, suggesting that the proposed MFL method has the potential to detect deeply-buried defects and has a promising future in the field of NDT.

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