Knowledge regarding antibiotic use among students of three medical schools in Medellin, Colombia: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background The objective of the present study was to describe the knowledge regarding the antibiotic therapy of students of three medical schools in Medellín, Colombia. Methods The study population comprised medical students who were enrolled in three universities. The instrument contained questions regarding their current academic term, the university, the perceived quality of the education received on antibiotic therapy and bacterial resistance, and specific questions on upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. The information was analyzed by calculating frequencies and measures of dispersion and central tendency. Knowledge regarding the treatment for each type of infection was compared using the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis H test. Results We included 536 medical students, of which 43.5% students consider that the university has not sufficiently trained them to interpret antibiograms and 29.6% students consider that the quality of information received on the subject at their university ranges from regular to poor. The mean score for knowledge regarding antibiotic therapy for upper respiratory tract infections was 44.2 (9.9) on a scale from 0 to 100. The median score with regard to the treatment of pneumonia was 52.9 (14.7), that of urinary tract infection was 58.7 (14.8), and that of skin and soft tissue infections was 63.1 (19.4). The knowledge regarding antibiotic therapy for upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, and urinary tract infection does not improve with the academic term, the university, or perceived quality of the education received. Conclusion A large proportion of medical students perceive that the training received from the university is insufficient with regard to antibiotic use and bacterial resistance, which is consistent with the limited knowledge reflected in the selection of antibiotic treatment for respiratory, urinary tract, and skin and soft tissue infections. Overall, the situation was identical among all universities, and it did not significantly increase with the completion of an academic term.

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Knowledge regarding antibiotic use among medical students, Medellin, Colombia: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.12526/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Luis Felipe Hguita-Gutiérrez ◽

Valentina Molina ◽

Jenifer María Acevedo ◽

Liceth Gómez ◽

Gustavo Eduardo Roncancio Villamil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Medical Students ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Soft Tissue Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections ◽

The University

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to describe the knowledge regarding antibiotic therapy of students of three medical schools of Medellín, Colombia. Methods The study population was made up of medical students enrolled in three universities. The instrument contained questions about their current academic term, the university the perceived quality of the education received on antibiotic therapy and bacterial resistance and specific questions on upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections and skin and soft tissue infections. The information was analysed by calculating frequencies and measures of dispersion and central tendency. Knowledge about the treatment of each type of infection was compared with the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis H test. Results We included 536 medical students, 43.5% consider that the university did not train them enough to interpret antibiograms, 29.6% consider that the quality of information received on the subject at their university ranges from regular to poor. The mean score for knowledge regarding antibiotic therapy for upper respiratory tract infections was 44.2 ± 9.9 on a scale from 0 to 100. In the treatment of pneumonias, the median score was 52.9 ± 14.7, in urinary tract infection was 58.7 ± 14.8 and skin and soft tissue infections was 63.1 ± 19.4. The knowledge regarding antibiotic therapy for upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonias and urinary tract infection does not improve with academic term, the university, or perception of the education received Conclusion A large proportion of medical students perceive that the training received from the university is deficient regarding antibiotics and bacterial resistance, which coincides with the limited knowledge reflected in the selection of antibiotic treatment for respiratory, urinary tract, skin and soft tissue infections. Overall, the situation is the same among all universities and it does not significantly increase with academic term.

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Importance antibiotic therapy in treating children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections

SOVREMENNAYA PEDIATRIYA ◽

10.15574/sp.2015.71.80 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 71 (7) ◽

pp. 80-85

Author(s):

A.O. Rudenko ◽

◽

O.O. Yukhimenko ◽

N.A. Zelena ◽

I.A. Tarasova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections

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Quality Of Life In Patients Taking Guaifenesin And Pseudoephedrine In An Extended-release Bi-layer Tablet As First-line Symptomatic Therapy For Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URI)

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.801 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 127 (2) ◽

pp. AB201-AB201 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H.G. Mariano Jr. ◽

G. Solomon ◽

E.C. Steward ◽

H.H. Albrecht

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Extended Release ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Symptomatic Therapy ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

First Line ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections

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Comparison of antibiotic prescriptions in adults and children with upper respiratory tract infections in Bangka Tengah primary health care centers

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0248 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Pratama Novan Y. I. ◽

Avianto Primadi ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Primary Health ◽

Adults And Children ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Primary Health Care Centers ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Health Care Centers

AbstractBackgroundInappropriate antibiotic therapy is accelerating the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are predominantly caused by viruses, resulting in the prescription of antibiotics to a few selected patients. Previous studies in primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Indonesia have shown a high percentage of antibiotic therapy for URTIs. This study tries to analyze the difference in profiles of antibiotic prescription in the treatment of children and adults with URTI in Bangka Tengah, Indonesia.MethodsRandom prescriptions from patients diagnosed with URTIs (sinusitis, bronchitis, common cold, and pharyngitis) from all PHCCs in Bangka Tengah were collected from January to February 2018. Prescriptions from patients with overlapping diagnoses, such as URTI with diarrhea or typhoid, were excluded.ResultsDuring the two months of data collection, 1348 prescriptions for adults and children with URTIs were studied. Children were 1.30 (95% CI, 1.03–1.58) times more likely to be treated with antibiotics compared to adults. Amoxicillin was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic both in children (92.3%) and adults (78.6%). Ciprofloxacin was commonly prescribed in adults (14.6%) but not in children (0.3%).ConclusionsThis study confirms the major antibiotic overuse in patients with URTI, especially in children. Owing to the fact that children are more likely to get URTI of viral origin, they receive high percentage of antibiotic therapy. These findings support the need for collaborated intervention to decrease unnecessary prescription of antibiotics in Bangka Tengah.

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Nasal disease and quality of life in athletes

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215118001408 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 132 (9) ◽

pp. 812-815

Author(s):

A C Walker ◽

P Surda ◽

M Rossiter ◽

S A Little

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Nasal Symptoms ◽

Nasal Disease ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections

AbstractObjectivesNasal disease imposes a significant disease burden upon the individual in the general population, but is relatively under studied in athletes. This study sought to define the frequency of nasal symptoms in the active population, and to quantify the impact of these symptoms on quality of life and on the frequency of upper respiratory tract infections.ResultsA total of 296 participants completed the study (246 athletes and 50 sedentary controls). Nasal symptoms were significantly more frequent in the active group than in the sedentary controls (70 per cent vs 52 per cent). Upper respiratory tract infections were significantly more common in athletes with regular nasal symptoms than in athletes without nasal symptoms. Quality-of-life scores, as measured by the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test, were significantly worse in athletes with regular nasal symptoms.ConclusionThis study suggests that regular exercise is associated with a significant increase in the prevalence of troubling nasal symptoms, and nasal symptoms in athletes are associated with increased susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections. Quality of life was negatively affected, confirming the importance of nasal health to athlete welfare.

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Haemophilus influenzae Pyomyositis in a Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Unique Case and Review of Literature

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2017/6307361 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kamolyut Lapumnuaypol ◽

Sanna Fatima ◽

Pradhum Ram ◽

Gemlyn George ◽

Antoinette Climaco

Keyword(s):

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Soft Tissue Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Unique Case ◽

Negative Bacillus ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections

Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative bacillus commonly known to cause upper respiratory tract infections. Skin and soft tissue infections are very uncommon. Of these, the majority were associated with necrotizing fasciitis requiring emergent debridement. We report a case of pyomyositis caused by Haemophilus influenzae in an adult with diabetes.

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Antibiotic therapy of acute upper respiratory tract infections and otitis media in adults

Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0011.6681 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Aleksandra Paź ◽

Magdalena Arimowicz

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Symptomatic Treatment ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections

An estimated 50% of antibiotic prescriptions may be unjustified in the outpatient setting. Viruses are responsible for most acute respiratory tract infections. The viral infections are often self-limiting and only symptomatic treatment remains effective. Bacteria are involved in a small percentage of infections etiology in this area. In the case of a justified or documented suspicion of a bacterial infection, antibiotic therapy may be indicated. Based on the Polish „Recommendations for the management of non-hospital respiratory infections 2016”, the indications, the rules of choice, the appropriate dosing schedules and the therapy duration, in the most frequent upper respiratory tract infections in adults, have been presented. Implementation of the presented recommendations regarding our Polish epidemiological situation, will significantly reduce the tendency to abuse antibiotics, and thus will limit the spread of drug-resistant microorganisms.

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Quality of life in patients with smell loss due to upper respiratory tract infections

American Journal of Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.amjoto.2010.11.002 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 504-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Adolfo Toledano ◽

Gil Rodríguez ◽

Ana María Martín ◽

Tomás Onrubia ◽

Néstor Galindo

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Smell Loss

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Impact of Selected Behavioral and Environmental Factors on the Antibiotic Therapy in Polish Children With Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.784265 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Ślęzak ◽

Łukasz Dembiński ◽

Artur Konefał ◽

Mikołaj Dąbrowski ◽

Artur Mazur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections ◽

The Impact

Antibiotic therapy must be carried out consistently and according to the guidelines. Viruses are the dominant cause of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in children, as has been shown in many previous studies. Unnecessary antibiotic therapy should be avoided so that it does not affect patients' health and lead to the development of resistant bacterial strains. Here we report a national survey conducted in a group of 4,389 children to assess the impact of selected behavioral and environmental factors on antibiotic therapy in patients with URTIs. We found that selected environmental factors influenced the type of treatment. The place of residence, having siblings, an absence of vaccinations, the presence of allergies, and attendance at educational institutions were conducive to antibiotic therapy. These factors also influenced the frequency of hospitalization of children and their absence from nurseries, kindergartens, and schools, as well as the absence of their guardians from work.

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