Co-regulation role of endogenous hormones and transcriptomics profiling under cold stress in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum

Abstract Background: Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg is a valuable medicinal herb, Chilling sensitivity is the dominant environmental factor limiting the artificial domestication of the plant. Hormone-related gene regulation and hormone signaling pathways in response to cold stress in T. hemsleyanum remain unknown. Results: Some key genes involved in hormones biosynthesis, such as ZEP and NCED genes of ABA biosynthesis, GA2ox, GA3ox, and GA20ox genes of GA biosynthesis, ACO genes of ET biosynthesis pathway were screened to be crucial in cold response. Consistently, the response of ABA and ABA/GA1+3 to cold stress was prior to that of GA1+3, ZR, ABA/IAA, and ABA/ZR. The increasing changes in ABA/GA1+3 turned to a steep decline with the extension of stress time, which might be one factor contributing to cold-sensitivity of T. hemsleyanum under prolonged stress. The cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum would be enhanced by ABA but repressed by GA3 when each phytohormone was applied alone. The ABA-mediated promotion and GA-mediated repression of cold tolerance could both be attenuated by the co-application of the two phytohormones within 6h. When the biosynthesis of endogenous ABA and GA were inhibited by FLU and PAC, respectively, the effects of GA and ABA treatment were reversed partially. Conclusions: In summary, we presented the ﬁrst study of global expression patterns of hormone-regulated transcripts in T. hemsleyanum. This study suggested that GA and ABA could work antagonistically to balance the responses to cold in T. hemsleyanum. PAC, a GA biogenesis inhibitor, as well as exogenous ABA, might be potential plant growth regulators that can promote cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum. The study also provided valuable hints in revealing a new theoretical basis and potential candidate genes that govern cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum.

Download Full-text

Arabidopsis Disulfide Reductase, Trx-h2, Functions as an RNA Chaperone under Cold Stress

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11156865 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 6865

Author(s):

Eun Seon Lee ◽

Joung Hun Park ◽

Seong Dong Wi ◽

Ho Byoung Chae ◽

Seol Ki Paeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Wild Type ◽

Rna Chaperone ◽

E Coli ◽

Cold Sensitive ◽

Thioredoxin H ◽

Functional Rnas

The thioredoxin-h (Trx-h) family of Arabidopsis thaliana comprises cytosolic disulfide reductases. However, the physiological function of Trx-h2, which contains an additional 19 amino acids at its N-terminus, remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the molecular function of Trx-h2 both in vitro and in vivo and found that Arabidopsis Trx-h2 overexpression (Trx-h2OE) lines showed significantly longer roots than wild-type plants under cold stress. Therefore, we further investigated the role of Trx-h2 under cold stress. Our results revealed that Trx-h2 functions as an RNA chaperone by melting misfolded and non-functional RNAs, and by facilitating their correct folding into active forms with native conformation. We showed that Trx-h2 binds to and efficiently melts nucleic acids (ssDNA, dsDNA, and RNA), and facilitates the export of mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm under cold stress. Moreover, overexpression of Trx-h2 increased the survival rate of the cold-sensitive E. coli BX04 cells under low temperature. Thus, our data show that Trx-h2 performs function as an RNA chaperone under cold stress, thus increasing plant cold tolerance.

Download Full-text

The AaCBF4-AaBAM3.1 module enhances freezing tolerance of kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta)

Horticulture Research ◽

10.1038/s41438-021-00530-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shihang Sun ◽

Chungen Hu ◽

Xiujuan Qi ◽

Jinyong Chen ◽

Yunpeng Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Freezing Tolerance ◽

Luciferase Reporter ◽

Dna Interactions ◽

Functional Protein ◽

Actinidia Arguta ◽

Protein Dna Interactions ◽

Similar Phenotype ◽

Reporter Assays

AbstractBeta-amylase (BAM) plays an important role in plant resistance to cold stress. However, the specific role of the BAM gene in freezing tolerance is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that a cold-responsive gene module was involved in the freezing tolerance of kiwifruit. In this module, the expression of AaBAM3.1, which encodes a functional protein, was induced by cold stress. AaBAM3.1-overexpressing kiwifruit lines showed increased freezing tolerance, and the heterologous overexpression of AaBAM3.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in a similar phenotype. The results of promoter GUS activity and cis-element analyses predicted AaCBF4 to be an upstream transcription factor that could regulate AaBAM3.1 expression. Further investigation of protein-DNA interactions by using yeast one-hybrid, GUS coexpression, and dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed that AaCBF4 directly regulated AaBAM3.1 expression. In addition, the expression of both AaBAM3.1 and AaCBF4 in kiwifruit responded positively to cold stress. Hence, we conclude that the AaCBF-AaBAM module is involved in the positive regulation of the freezing tolerance of kiwifruit.

Download Full-text

GRAS-domain transcription factor PAT1 regulates jasmonic acid biosynthesis in grape cold stress response

Plant Physiology ◽

10.1093/plphys/kiab142 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zemin Wang ◽

Darren Chern Jan Wong ◽

Yi Wang ◽

Guangzhao Xu ◽

Chong Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Response ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Ectopic Expression ◽

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽

Luciferase Reporter ◽

Vitis Amurensis ◽

Mobility Shift

Abstract Cultivated grapevine (Vitis) is a highly valued horticultural crop, and cold stress affects its growth and productivity. Wild Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) PAT1 (Phytochrome A signal transduction 1, VaPAT1) is induced by low temperature, and ectopic expression of VaPAT1 enhances cold tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of VaPAT1 during the cold stress response in grapevine. Here, we confirmed the overexpression of VaPAT1 in transformed grape calli enhanced cold tolerance. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays highlighted an interaction between VaPAT1 with INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN 3 (VaIDD3). A role of VaIDD3 in cold tolerance was also indicated. Transcriptome analysis revealed VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 overexpression and cold treatment coordinately modulate the expression of stress-related genes including lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3), a gene encoding a key jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme. Co-expression network analysis indicated LOX3 might be a downstream target of VaPAT1. Both electrophoretic mobility shift and dual luciferase reporter assays showed the VaPAT1-IDD3 complex binds to the IDD-box (AGACAAA) in the VaLOX3 promoter to activate its expression. Overexpression of both VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 increased the transcription of VaLOX3 and JA levels in transgenic grape calli. Conversely, VaPAT1-SRDX (dominant repression) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of PAT1-ED causing the loss of the C-terminus in grape calli dramatically prohibited the accumulation of VaLOX3 and JA levels during cold treatment. Together, these findings point to a pivotal role of VaPAT1 in the cold stress response in grape by regulating JA biosynthesis.

Download Full-text

The role of Pro-P5C Cycle in chs mutants of Arabidopsis under cold stress

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology ◽

10.1134/s1021443713020106 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 375-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. A. Khavari-Nejad ◽

R. Shekaste Band ◽

F. Najafi ◽

M. Nabiuni ◽

Z. Gharari

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress

Download Full-text

Passive Sorting in Maturing Granules of AtT-20 Cells: The Entry and Exit of Salivary Amylase and Proline-rich Protein

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.138.1.45 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 138 (1) ◽

pp. 45-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Anna M. Castle ◽

Amy Y. Huang ◽

J. David Castle

Keyword(s):

Secretory Pathway ◽

Critical Role ◽

Endogenous Hormones ◽

Salivary Amylase ◽

Regulated Secretion ◽

J 13 ◽

Regulated Secretory Pathway ◽

Granule Maturation ◽

Proline Rich Protein

Previous studies have suggested that salivary amylase and proline-rich protein are sorted differently when expressed in AtT-20 cells (Castle, A.M., L.E. Stahl, and J.D. Castle. 1992. J. Biol. Chem. 267:13093– 13100; Colomer, V., K. Lal, T.C. Hoops, and M.J. Rindler. 1994.EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 13:3711– 3719). We now show that both exocrine proteins behave similarly and enter the regulated secretory pathway as judged by immunolocalization and secretagogue- dependent stimulation of secretion. Analysis of stimulated secretion of newly synthesized proline-rich protein, amylase, and endogenous hormones indicates that the exogenous proteins enter the granule pool with about the same efficiency as the endogenous hormones. However, in contrast to the endogenous hormones, proline-rich protein and amylase are progressively removed from the granule pool during the process of granule maturation such that only small portions remain in mature granules where they colocalize with the stored hormones. The exogenous proteins that are not stored are recovered from the incubation medium and are presumed to have undergone constitutive-like secretion. These results point to a level of sorting for regulated secretion after entry of proteins into forming granules and indicate that retention is essential for efficient storage. Consequently, the critical role of putative sorting receptors for regulated secretion may be in retention rather than in granule entry.

Download Full-text