scholarly journals Intentional Carbofuran Poisoning in 7 dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Pivariu ◽  
Adrian Nechita Oros ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
Adrian Gal ◽  
Cristian Martonos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Complete History

Abstract Background: Carbofuran is a widely used broad-spectrum pesticide that, despite strict regulation and being banned for more than a decade, is still encountered in cases of intentional poisoning in dogs and wildlife. The objective of the study was to provide a complete and detailed description of the pathological, histological and toxicological findings of 7 cases of intentional carbofuran poisoning in dogs.Results: In this retrospective study, 7 cases of carbofuran intoxication recorded from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Following complete history recording, all cases were examined by complete necropsy and histopathology. Carbofuran intoxication was confirmed in all cases by gas chromatography. The postmortem examination revealed extensive hemorrhaging and congestion located mainly within the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, accompanied by degeneration and necrosis within the lungs, heart, and kidneys.Conclusions: Although carbamates have been banned in the European Union, carbamate poisoning is still frequently encountered, especially in wild animals. This paper will contribute to a better understanding of the occurrence and pathogenesis of acute carbofuran exposure in dogs and contribute some peculiar pathological features of this type of poisoning to the current literature.

scholarly journals Intentional Carbofuran Poisoning in 7 dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Pivariu ◽  
Adrian Nechita Oros ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
Adrian Gal ◽  
Cristian Martonos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Complete History

Abstract Background: Carbofuran is a widely used broad-spectrum pesticide that, despite strict regulation and being banned for more than a decade, is still encountered in cases of intentional poisoning in dogs and wildlife. The objective of the study was to provide a complete and detailed description of the pathological, histological and toxicological findings of 7 cases of intentional carbofuran poisoning in dogs.Results: In this retrospective study, 7 cases of carbofuran intoxication recorded from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Following complete history recording, all cases were examined by complete necropsy and histopathology. Carbofuran intoxication was confirmed in all cases by gas chromatography. The postmortem examination revealed extensive hemorrhaging and congestion located mainly within the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, accompanied by degeneration and necrosis within the lungs, heart, and kidneys.Conclusions: Although carbamates have been banned in the European Union, carbamate poisoning is still frequently encountered, especially in wild animals. This paper will contribute to a better understanding of the occurrence and pathogenesis of acute carbofuran exposure in dogs and contribute some peculiar pathological features of this type of poisoning to the current literature.

scholarly journals Intentional Carbofuran Poisoning in 7 dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Pivariu ◽  
Adrian Nechita Oros ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
Adrian Gal ◽  
Cristian Martonos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Complete History

Abstract Background: Carbofuran is a widely used broad-spectrum pesticide that, despite strict regulation and being banned for more than a decade, is still encountered in cases of intentional poisoning in dogs and wildlife. The objective of the study was to provide a complete and detailed description of the pathological, histological and toxicological findings of 7 cases of intentional carbofuran poisoning in dogs.Results: In this retrospective study, 7 cases of carbofuran intoxication recorded from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Following complete history recording, all cases were examined by complete necropsy and histopathology. Carbofuran intoxication was confirmed in all cases by gas chromatography. The postmortem examination revealed extensive hemorrhaging and congestion located mainly within the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, accompanied by degeneration and necrosis within the lungs, heart, and kidneys.Conclusions: Although carbamates have been banned in the European Union, carbamate poisoning is still frequently encountered, especially in wild animals. This paper will contribute to a better understanding of the occurrence and pathogenesis of acute carbofuran exposure in dogs and contribute some peculiar pathological features of this type of poisoning to the current literature.

scholarly journals Intentional Carbofuran Poisoning in 7 dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Pivariu ◽  
Adrian Nechita Oros ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
Adrian Gal ◽  
Cristian Martonos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Complete History

Abstract Background: Carbofuran is a widely used broad-spectrum pesticide that, despite strict regulation and being banned for more than a decade, is still encountered in cases of intentional poisoning in dogs and wildlife. The objective of the study was to provide a complete and detailed description of the pathological, histological and toxicological findings of 7 cases of intentional carbofuran poisoning in dogs. Results: In this retrospective study, 7 cases of carbofuran intoxication recorded from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Following complete history recording, all cases were examined by complete necropsy and histopathology. Carbofuran intoxication was confirmed in all cases by gas chromatography. The postmortem examination revealed extensive hemorrhaging and congestion located mainly within the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, accompanied by degeneration and necrosis within the lungs, heart, and kidneys. Conclusions: Although carbamates have been banned in the European Union, carbamate poisoning is still frequently encountered, especially in wild animals. This paper will contribute to a better understanding of the occurrence and pathogenesis of acute carbofuran exposure in dogs and contribute some peculiar pathological features of this type of poisoning to the current literature.

scholarly journals Intentional Carbofuran Poisoning in 7 dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Pivariu ◽  
Adrian Nechita Oros ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
Adrian Gal ◽  
Cristian Martonos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Complete History

Abstract Background: Carbofuran is a widely used broad-spectrum pesticide that, despite strict regulation and being banned for more than a decade, is still encountered in cases of intentional poisoning in dogs and wildlife. The objective of the study was to provide a complete and detailed description of the pathological, histological and toxicological findings of 7 cases of intentional carbofuran poisoning in dogs. Results: In this retrospective study, 7 cases of carbofuran intoxication recorded from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Following complete history recording, all cases were examined by complete necropsy and histopathology. Carbofuran intoxication was confirmed in all cases by gas chromatography. The postmortem examination revealed extensive hemorrhaging and congestion located mainly within the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, accompanied by degeneration and necrosis within the lungs, heart, and kidneys. Conclusions: Although carbamates have been banned in the European Union, carbamate poisoning is still frequently encountered, especially in wild animals. This paper will contribute to a better understanding of the occurrence and pathogenesis of acute carbofuran exposure in dogs and contribute some peculiar pathological features of this type of poisoning to the current literature.

scholarly journals Intentional Carbofuran Poisoning in 7 dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Pivariu ◽  
Adrian Nechita Oros ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
Adrian Gal ◽  
Cristian Martonos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Complete History

Abstract Background: Carbofuran was a widely used board-spectrum pesticide, which despite his strict regulation and bans for more than one decade is still encountered in cases of intentional poisoning in dogs and wildlife. The objective of the study was to provide a complete and detailed description of the pathological, histological and toxicological findings of the 7 cases of intentional carbofuran poisoning in dogs. Results: In this retrospective study 7 cases of carbofuran intoxication recorded from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Following complete history recording, all cases were examined by complete necropsy and histopathology. The carbofuran intoxication was confirmed in all cases by gas-chromatography. The postmortem examination revealed extensive haemorrhages and congestion located mainly within the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, accompanied by degeneration and necrosis within the lung, heart, and kidneys. Conclusions: Although banned in the European Union, carbamate poisoning is still frequently encountered, especially in wild animals. This paper will contribute to a better understanding of occurrence and pathogenesis of acute carbofuran exposure in dogs, and add some peculiar pathological features of this poisoning to current literature.

scholarly journals Intentional Carbofuran Poisoning in 7 dogs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Pivariu ◽  
Adrian Nechita Oros ◽  
Flaviu Tabaran ◽  
Adrian Gal ◽  
Andras Laszlo Nagy
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Complete History ◽  
The Eu

Abstract BackgroundCarbofuran was a widely used board-spectrum pesticide, which despite his strict regulation and bans for more than one decade is still encountered in cases of intentional poisoning in dogs and wildlife. The objective of the study was to provide a complete and detailed description of the pathological, histological and toxicological findings of the 7 cases of intentional carbofuran poisoning in dogs. ResultsIn this retrospective study 7 case of carbofuran intoxication recorded from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Following complete history recording, all cases were examined by complete necropsy and histopathology. The carbofuran intoxication was confirmed in all cases by gas-chromatography. The postmortem examination revealed extensive haemorrhages and congestion located mainly within the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, accompanied by degeneration and necrosis within the lung, heart and kidneys.ConclusionsNowadays in the European Union, carbamate poisoning is a rarely reported entity. Although banned in the EU, carbofuran is still used in Romania for crop protection and poisoning cases are encountered in animals, and it can be purchased. This paper will contribute to a better understanding of occurrence and pathogenesis in cases of acute carbofuran exposure in dogs and add some necropsy and histopathology data to current literature.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Pesticide Poisoning in Domestic Animals and Wildlife in Portugal: 2014–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Grilo ◽  
Anabela Moreira ◽  
Belmira Carrapiço ◽  
Adriana Belas ◽  
Berta São Braz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Nowadays the intentional poisoning of domestic and wild animals is a crime in the European Union (EU), but as in the past the poison is still used in rural areas of a number of European countries to kill animals that were considered harmful for human activities. From January 2014 up until October 2020, the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (LFT-FMV) has done the analytical detection of poisoning substances in 503 samples of wildlife and domestic animals and pesticides residues were found in 239 of the samples analyzed. In this retrospective study, toxicology results from domestic species (dog, cat, sheep, cows, and horses), wildlife species (red foxes, birds of prey, lynx, and wild boar), and food baits, are presented. During this period the samples analyzed at the LFT-FMV, were received from all over the country. Analytical detections were performed via solvent extraction followed by thin layer chromatography. Molluscicides (47%, n = 109) and Carbamates (24%, n = 57) were found to be the first category of pesticides involved in intoxications, in both domestic and wild animals, followed by rodenticides (13%, n = 30)—in this group second and third generation, were the most represented; Strychnine is the third (11%, n = 26) even though this pesticide has been banned in Portugal since 1988 and in the European Union since 2006 and finally Organophosphates (5%, n = 11) in the small number. This study allowed to realize that a great number of positive samples involved banned pesticides (i.e., Aldicarb and Strychnine) but, at the same time, many positives cases were due to the exposure to commercially available products (i.e., Methiocarb and Anticoagulant rodenticides). Also, it's possible to identify the areas where domestic species are the most affected (i.e., Setubal and Lisboa) and the areas where the wild animals are the mainly affected species (i.e., Faro, Castelo Branco, and Bragança).

scholarly journals Consumption of Antibiotics and Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile in the European Union in 2016—Opportunity for Practical Application of Aggregate ECDC Data

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Estera Jachowicz ◽  
Anna Różańska ◽  
Monika Pobiega ◽  
Mariusz Topolski ◽  
Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Ambulatory Treatment ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Hospital Patients

Background: The most important pathomechanism of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) is post-antibiotic intestinal dysbiosis. CDI affects both ambulatory and hospital patients. Aim: The objective of the study was to analyze the possibility of utilizing databases from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control subject to surveillance for the purpose of identifying areas that require intervention with respect to public health. Methods: The analysis encompassed data concerning CDI incidence and antibiotic consumption expressed as defined daily doses (DDD) and quality indicators for antimicrobial-consumption involving both ambulatory and hospital patients in 2016. Results: In 2016, in the European Union countries, total antibiotic consumption in hospital and outpatient treatment amounted to 20.4 DDD (SD 7.89, range 11.04–39.69); in ambulatory treatment using average of ten times more antibiotics than hospitals. In total, 44.9% of antibiotics used in outpatient procedures were broad-spectrum antibiotics. We have found a significant relationship between the quality of antibiotics and their consumption: The more broad-spectrum antibiotics prescribed, the higher the sales of antibiotics both in the community sector and in total. CDI incidence did not statistically significantly correlate with the remaining factors analyzed on a country-wide level. Conclusion: Antibiotic consumption and the CDI incidence may depend on many national variables associated with local systems of healthcare organization and financing. Their interpretation in international comparisons does not give clear-cut answers and requires caution.

scholarly journals The interference of tetrachloromethane in the measurement of benzene in the air by a gas chromatography–photoionisation detector (GC-PID)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1685-1695
Author(s):  
Cristina Romero-Trigueros ◽  
María Esther González ◽  
Marta Doval Miñarro ◽  
Enrique González Ferradás
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Simultaneous Presence ◽  
Reference Measuring ◽  
Type Approval ◽  
Relative Errors

Abstract. The European Union requires that benzene in the air is continuously measured due to its toxicity and widespread presence in the population nuclei, mainly motivated by vehicle emissions. The reference measuring technique is gas chromatography (GC). Automatic chromatographs used in monitoring stations must verify the operating conditions established in Standard EN 14662 part 3, which includes a type approval section with a number of tests that analysers must pass. Among these tests, the potential interference of a number of compounds is evaluated. The 2005 version of the mentioned standard requires the evaluation of the potential interference of tetrachloromethane (TCM). The 2015 version eliminates TCM as a potential interferent. Although most consumer uses of TCM have been banned, recent studies have measured significant concentrations of TCM in the air. In this paper, the potential interference of TCM in benzene measurements obtained with gas chromatography coupled to a photoionisation detector (GC-PID) has been investigated. Our study shows that the simultaneous presence of benzene and TCM causes a significant decrease in benzene readings. For TCM concentrations of 0.7 µg m−3 (typical of urban areas) and 4.5 µg m−3 (detected in the vicinity of landfills), the relative errors in benzene measurements were 34 % and 70 %, respectively, which are far too high compared to the maximum overall uncertainty allowed for benzene measurements (25 %). Possible mechanisms to qualitatively and quantitatively explain the behaviour of the PID when measuring benzene with and without TCM have been proposed.

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