scholarly journals Functional role of increased acetylated tubulin in porcine oocyte microtubule structure, meiotic maturation and embryogenesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junming Sun ◽  
Kuiqing Cui ◽  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Bangjun Gao ◽  
Jianrong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Microtubule Assembly ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Acetylated Tubulin ◽  
Tubulin Acetylation ◽  
Abnormal Rate ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Microtubule Structure

Abstract Acetylated microtubule improves porcine oocyte microtubule structure, meiotic maturation and subsequent embryonic development. HDAC6 can specifically deacetylate α-tubulin in assembled microtubules, increased acetylated microtubule treatment with tubacin, a HDAC6-selective inhibitor, is beneficial for porcine oocytes maturation and early embryogenesis. Here it is shown that α-tubulin acetylation gradually decreased from MI to IVF pronuclear stage. The increased acetylation of α-tubulin significantly reduced the abnormal rate of microtubules, furthermore, the proportion of mitochondria in the vicinity of IVF nucleus was significantly enhanced in MI and MII stages. The expression levels of microtubule assembly genes ( TUBA1A , α TAT1 and MAP2 ) significantly up-regulated in MI and MII stages. In addition, the oocytes with high acetylation level of α-tubulin significantly improved maturation, syngamy and IVF blastocyst formation compared with the control oocytes. In present study, these indicate functional role of increased acetylated α-tubulin advances normal spindle formation and mitochondrial concentration, moreover, improves porcine maturation, syngamy and preimplantation embryo development.

Characterization of Aurora-A in porcine oocytes and early embryos implies its functional roles in the regulation of meiotic maturation, fertilization and cleavage

Zygote ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Juan Yao ◽  
Qing-Yuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Microtubule Assembly ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Aurora A ◽  
Microtubule Organization ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation

Aurora-A is a serine/threonine protein kinase that plays important regulatory roles during mitotic cell cycle progression. In this study, Aurora-A expression, subcellular localization, and possible functions during porcine oocyte meiotic maturation, fertilization and early embryonic cleavage were studied by using Western blot, confocal microscopy and drug treatments. The quantity of Aurora-A protein remained stable during porcine oocyte meiotic maturation. Confocal microscopy revealed that Aurora-A distributed abundantly in the nucleus at the germinal vesicle stage. After germinal vesicle breakdown, Aurora-A concentrated around the condensed chromosomes and the metaphase I spindle, and finally, Aurora-A was associated with spindle poles during the formation of the metaphase II spindle. Aurora-A concentrated in the pronuclei in fertilized eggs. Aurora-A was not found in the spindle region when colchicine or staurosporine was used to inhibit microtubule organization, while it accumulated as several dots in the cytoplasm after taxol treatment. In conclusion, Aurora-A may be a multifunctional kinase that plays pivotal regulatory roles in microtubule assembly during porcine oocyte meiotic maturation, fertilization and early embryonic mitosis.

scholarly journals SHP2 Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Trafficking in Granulosa Cells Is Essential for Oocyte Meiotic Resumption and Maturation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Idrees ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Myeong-Don Joo ◽  
Niaz Ali ◽  
Keun-Woo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Preimplantation Embryo Development ◽  
Src Homology 2 ◽  
Src Homology ◽  
A Site ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Src-homology-2-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase (SHP2), a classic cytoplasmic protein and a major regulator of receptor tyrosine kinases and G protein-coupled receptors, plays a significant role in preimplantation embryo development. In this study, we deciphered the role of SHP2 in the somatic compartment of oocytes during meiotic maturation. SHP2 showed nuclear/cytoplasmic localization in bovine cumulus and human granulosa (COV434) cells. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment significantly enhanced cytoplasmic SHP2 localization, in contrast to the E2 treatment, which augmented nuclear localization. Enhanced cytoplasmic SHP2 was found to negatively regulate the expression of the ERα-transcribed NPPC and NPR2 mRNAs, which are vital for oocyte meiotic arrest. The co-immunoprecipitation results revealed the presence of the SHP2/ERα complex in the germinal vesicle-stage cumulus–oocyte complexes, and this complex significantly decreased with the progression of meiotic maturation. The complex formation between ERα and SHP2 was also confirmed by using a series of computational modeling methods. To verify the correlation between SHP2 and NPPC/NPR2, SHP2 was knocked down via RNA interference, and NPPC and NPR2 mRNAs were analyzed in the control, E2, and FSH-stimulated COV434 cells. Furthermore, phenyl hydrazonopyrazolone sulfonate 1, a site-directed inhibitor of active SHP2, showed no significant effect on the ERα-transcribed NPPC and NPR2 mRNAs. Taken together, these findings support a novel nuclear/cytoplasmic role of SHP2 in oocyte meiotic resumption and maturation.

Evidence for a functional role of the cytoskeleton in determination of the dorsoventral axis in Xenopus laevis eggs

Development ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-37
Author(s):  
Geertje A. Ubbels ◽  
K. Hara ◽  
C. H. Koster ◽  
M. W. Kirschner
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Cytological Study ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Microtubule Assembly ◽  
Dorsoventral Axis ◽  
Normal Table ◽  
Fertilized Egg

A normal table of events of the first cleavage period in the fertilized egg (cf. Gerhart, 1980) has been completed (cf. Table I) by studying external and internal features. Through a cytological study of eggs fixed after video time-lapse observation such featurescan directly be correlated and it has been shown that the first postfertilization wave (PFW) reflects spermaster growth, which causes rearrangements of animal yolk material. Thismay, in conjunction with the interaction of the spermaster rays with the cortex, define, in time as well as in space, the asymmetric cortical contraction which we suppose to evoke asymmetry in the animal hemisphere by formation of the vitelline wall (Pasteels, 1964) and in the vegetal hemisphere by formation of the Vegetal Dorsalising Centre (Kirschneret al. 1981). Neither prick-activated eggs nor fertilized eggs incubated in vinblastine develop a spermaster. Under these conditions abnormal cytoplasmic segregation may be directed by gravity alone. For normal development the activated egg must in some way, for instance through the sperm centriole, organize microtubule assembly into a monaster. The centriole actsas a microtubule-organizing centre in structuring the egg's cytoskeleton, and through this directs localization of the various yolk components, in time as well as in space. In egg rotation experiments performed under appropriate conditions, the cytoskeleton is disturbed and yolk rearranges under gravity till a new equilibrium is established which determines a new dorsoventral polarity. Such experiments also show that neither the dorsal cytoplasm nor the grey crescent cortex act as the ultimate dorsal determinants, since their localization is unaltered upon rotation, whereas the overall yolk distribution is significantly changed.

Expression and functional role of c-Kit and erbB2 in human hepatoblastoma.

2009 ◽  
Vol 221 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Steiger ◽  
I Leuschner ◽  
D Denkhaus ◽  
D von Schweinitz ◽  
T Pietsch
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role
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