A 1 Year Child with Hydrocephalus: A Case Report

Introduction: Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of fluid in the cavities deep within the brain. The extra fluids cause the ventricles to expand, putting pressure on the brain. The brain and spinal column are bathed in cerebrospinal fluid, which usually flows into the ventricles. Excessive cerebrospinal fluid pressure caused by hydrocephalus, on the other hand, can harm brain tissues and result in a variety of cognitive impairments. Case Presentation: Here we have selected a case of hydrocephalus. In this case, when the complete history has been taken it found that patient having a history of NICU admission for prematurity and Low Birth Weight for 40 days. During history collection, it found that the child was all right until 4 months of age after which she started to notice that the child's head circumference was increasing at an abnormal rate and has now been brought to AVBRH for further management. After all investigation in MRI brain reveals extensive dilatation of ventricular system including bilateral lateral ventricle and III and IV ventricles associated with wide-open foramen of Luschka and Magendie with thinning of the adjacent cerebral cortex and cerebellar parenchyma. Features suggestive of communicating hydrocephalus. In the EEG record, the background record shows rhythmic synchronous > 13 Hz beta activity in the bilateral hemisphere. Abnormal EEG record. Then, the doctor planned for the Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy with general anesthesia. Conclusion: In this study, we mainly focus on expert surgical management and excellent nursing care which leads to fast recovery of the patient. After a conversation with the patient, her response was positive and after nursing management and treatment, she was discharged without any postoperative complications and satisfaction of recovery.

Earnings shocks: An event study on Boursa Kuwait

This study investigates the effects of earnings announcements on stock prices in Boursa Kuwait, formerly known as the Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE). The data spans the period 2018–2020, and both positive and negative earnings announcements are employed as shock events and their effects assessed. The study results show that there is a statistically abnormal rate of return before and after the earnings announcements and that most abnormal returns are just after the earnings announcement. This most likely indicates that Boursa Kuwait is a semi-strong efficient stock market. One important implication is an indication that insider-related trading might be absent in Boursa Kuwait.

Distribution of dyslipidemia in Chinese early breast cancer patients at diagnosis and comparison of dyslipidemia incidence following different endocrine therapies: a population-based cohort study

Background Dyslipidemia increases the risk of cardiovascular disease death in breast cancer (BC). Based on the large West China Hospital (WCH) BC cohort, we aimed to clarify dyslipidemia prevalence at diagnosis and compare the risk of dyslipidemia induced by different endocrine and menopause status. Methods 5917 EBC female patients recorded in WCH BC cohort, diagnosed between 2008.10 and 2017.04, were included for baseline analysis. 1883 patients receiving endocrine therapy (selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) or aromatase inhibitor (AI), with or without ovarian function suppression) with initial normal blood lipids were included for comparison study. Dyslipidemia was defined as abnormality of cholesterol/LDL/ HDL/triglyceride. Risk accumulation function was used to calculate the incidence of dyslipidemia to assess absolute risk, and the multivariate COX regression model was used to calculate the relative risk of dyslipidemia between groups. Results 16.5% of EBC patients had dyslipidemia at diagnosis. Among EBC patients receiving endocrine therapy, the accumulated incidence of dyslipidemia within 5 years in menopausal patients was higher than that in premenopausal patients (Adjusted HR [95%CI], 1.29 [1.04–1.59], 42.6 % vs 32.6%, P = 0.0186). In premenopausal patients, the risk of abnormal TC in OFS + AI group was significantly higher than SERM group (adjusted HR, 3.50 [ 1.74–7.02], P < 0.001, 5-year abnormal rate 22.0% vs 3.5%), and that of abnormal LDL-C was also increased(adjusted HR, 6.71 [ 3.16–14.26], P < 0.001, 5-year abnormal rate 12.2% vs 1.4%). In menopausal patients, the risk of abnormal TC or LDL-C showed the similar trend in AI group compared to SERM group. Conclusions Dyslipidemia is common concomitant disease in Chinese BC patients and needs to be closely monitored. Irrespective of menopause, AIs treatment causes higher risk of TC/LDL-C dyslipidemia than SERM.

Health study of 11,800 workers under occupational noise in Xinjiang

Background We investigated the health status of some workers exposed to occupational noise in Xinjiang, and explored the influencing factors of their health level. We aimed to determine the key protection groups of occupational noise hazards, which might provide the basis for the development of targeted noise prevention measures. Methods We used descriptive analysis to investigate a total of 11,800 participants who underwent occupational health examination in Xinjiang Occupational Disease Prevention Hospital. Results The hearing abnormality rate of noise exposure participants was 8.03%, which was higher in males than females (χ2 = 54.507, p < 0.05). The abnormal rate of high-frequency hearing threshold in Xinjiang minorities was lower than in Han nationality (χ2 = 11.780, p < 0.05), while the results of the electrocardiogram were reversed (χ2 = 9.128, p < 0.05). Differences in abnormal rates of blood pressure (χ2 = 149.734, p < 0.05), hearing (χ2 = 231.203, p < 0.05), and physical examination (χ2 = 360.609, p < 0.05) are statistically significant in different industries. The abnormal rates of blood pressure (χ2 = 67.416, p < 0.05) and hearing (χ2 = 49.535, p < 0.05) gradually decrease with the expansion of the enterprise scale. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, nationality, age, enterprise size, and industry were closely related to pure tone audiometry examination abnormal rate. Conclusion Workers of male, elder, in mine and small/medium enterprises should be the key populations to prevent occupational noise hazard. It is necessary to standardize occupational health management in enterprises, which helps to improve workers’ self-protection awareness and quality of life.

Detection of Classic Serum Tumor Markers (CSTMs) Group Benefits to Differential Diagnosis and Disease Assessment of UTUC

Background: To explore the potential relationship of changes in classic serum tumor markers (CSTM) with differential diagnosis and disease assessment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Methods: 60 UTUC (56 operated), 44 RCCC and 36 NTHN, were included into this retrospective analysis. The initial classic serum tumor markers (CSTMs), including CA242, CA199, CA125, CEA, AFP, SCC and CA724, were compared among the three groups. The preoperative, 1 month postoperative and 1 year postoperative/PD parameters (value and abnormal rate) of CSTMs were compared in UTUC group. A recommend test strategy was given and rechecked. The pathological manifestations of tumoral tissues and paracancerous tissues were analyzed.Results: The value of CA242, CA199 and CEA were higher in UTUC than in RCCC. The value of CEA was higher in UTUC than in NTHN. The value of CA199 and CEA were higher in UTUC than in RCCC+NTHN. The AR of CA199, CEA, SCC and CA724 were higher in UTUC than in RCCC. The AR of CEA and CA724 were higher in UTUC than in NTHN. The AR of CA199, CEA, SCC and CA724 were higher in UTUC than in RCCC+NTHN. The preoperative value of CA242 and CA199 were higher than 1 month postoperative ones in UTUC. The 1 year postop/PD value of CA242 and AFP were higher than 1 month postoperative ones in UTUC. For postop PD patients, the value during PD of CA242, CA199 and AFP were higher than 1 month postop ones. The preoperative AR of CA199 and CEA were higher than 1 month postoperative ones in UTUC. The recommended test strategy was given: CA242+CA199+CEA+AFP+SCC+CA724, and was rechecked. The P values were almost the lowest and the positive results covered all the comparisons. In 56 operated cases, the NAC in CSTMs by the recommended test strategy was statistically related with the tumor load. It appeared positive labelling by Ab of CA199, CA125, CEA, AFP and CA724 in UTUC tissues, while negative in paracancerous tissues.Conclusions: CSTMs may help to make differential diagnosis and disease assessment of UTUC. Group test (CA242+CA199+CEA+AFP+SCC+CA724) was recommended and more valuable.Trial registration: Not applicable

Market's Reaction to Analytical Information From Brokerage Institutions: Empirical Evidence From Stock Market in Vietnam

This paper examines the market’s reaction to brokerages’ recommendations on the Vietnamese stock market. The results indicate that stock analysts tend to show a drastically positive bias, with the overwhelming number of optimistic recommendations compared to negative ones. The abnormal rate of return following upscaling recommendations is positive, incremental, and statistically significant from the offered moment to a month later, which is consistent with results from different measures of the standard portfolio. However, the study has not found cogent evidence of the market reaction to downgrading recommendations. This research emphasizes the significant role of analytical information on the stock market in Vietnam, and the implications are discussed based on this study’s findings. The study results are the foundation for investors’ considerations about brokerages’ proposals before their trades.

Evaluation on the application of transcranial Doppler (TCD) and electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency

Background To evaluate the diagnostic value of transcranial Doppler (TCD) and electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) during clinical diagnosis and treatment Methods Eighty patients diagnosed with VBI in our hospital from June 2018 to December 2019 were randomly selected as the observation group, and 80 healthy people who received physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group. The abnormal rate, main performance and results, and the peak velocity of blood flow and vertebrobasilar artery blood flow of the two groups were compared. Results The abnormal rate of EEG and TCD in VBI patients was 38.75% (31/80) and the 93.75% (75/80), respectively. In TCD examination, ACA, PCA, MCA, and VA of both sides of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, while BA was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The Vs, Vd, and Vm on both sides of BA and VA in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while PI and RI were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions TCD examination is highly sensitive to the degree and pattern of cerebral ischemia in VBI patients. EEG examination will define the changes of brain cell function after cerebral ischemia. Therefore, EEG and TCD have their own advantages. The application of TCD and EEG can be considered in the early diagnosis, curative effect, and prognosis evaluation of VBI patients, so as to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and prognosis.

Clinical and Deep-Learning Based Quantitative Serial Chest CT Features of The COVID-19 Disease: Association with Clinical Subtypes and A Follow-Up Study

Background: To explore the clinical features and deep-learning (DL) based quantitative CT finding’s applications and evolution as well as the correlations in COVID-19.Methods: 273 chest CT scans (median interval, 6 days) from 75 COVID-19 RT-PCT positive patients (53 moderate and 22 severe) were included. Quantification parameters, such as CT value distribution, lesion (abnormal), GGO, consolidation rates, Hellinger distance and IOU, were automatically extracted from CT images by a combination of traditional image process algorithm and DL network. Clinical characteristics were also collected and analysed.Results: The hypertension and diabetes were more common in severity. The CRP, ESP, LDH and D-dimer were higher while LYM and LYM% lower in severity (P < 0.05). The DL network was detected the lesions to obtain quantitively CT indicators, with fast to process a chest CT images (average time, 2.2s) and high overlap with radiologist. The hellinger, abnormal, GGO, consolidation rates and HU values were higher and the IOU lower in severity than moderate patients (P < 0.05). The largest AUC was 0.943, using the cutoff value of 10.5% for abnormal rate. The CT score have postive correlations with CRP, D-dimer and ESR (P < 0.05). The increased levels of ESR and D-dimer were positively correlated with abnormal, consolidation and GGO rates (P < 0.05). Investigation for quantitative CT changes were performed in three periods: 1) 1-2 weeks, CT score and abnormal rate were increased. The GGO converted to consolidation in severity; 2) 2-5 weeks, CT scores stable trend, while abnormal and GGO rates had upward trend in severity; 3) > 5weeks, CT score and abnormal rate have decreased.Conclusions: There were three phases of two patterns’ evolutionary trends in quantitative CT findings with differences in two groups, and have correlations with laboratory markers, which helpful for evaluating severity and prognosis in COVID-19 patients.

Analysis of the Lipid Metabolism and Related Factors Among Male Employees in Guangzhou From 2017 to 2019

Background: To analyze abnormal plasma lipids during physical examination of adult men in a community hospital and to provide the basis for prevention and control measures. Methods: Fasting serum lipids (TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C) were measured in 439 adult men in a community hospital from 2017 to 2019. The results were analyzed by age. Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 15.72%,19.36%, and 20.50% in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. The abnormal rate of HDL-C increased significantly—from 2.96% in 2017 to 9.11% in 2018; it remained at 8.88% in 2019. The abnormal rate of TG and HDL-C increased gradually from age 50 years, and the highest was in those aged 60-65 years. The study also found that TC and LDL-C index levels peaked in the 55-65-year-old group; these levels then decreased with age. TG and LDL-C increased with age while HDL-C decreased with age. The increase in plasma lipid levels and obesity in young people was significantly higher than those in middle-aged people. Conclusion: The rate of dyslipidemia among adult men in Guangzhou increases over time and with age. The prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia (awareness, treatment, and control) should be urgently strengthened to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and improve the level of community health services.