scholarly journals General Practitioners’ Perceptions of their Practice of Evidence-based Chronic Disease Prevention Interventions: A Quantitative Study in Shanghai, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Fan ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Delei Shen ◽  
Zhaohu Yu ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Chronic Disease Prevention ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Community Healthcare

Abstract Background Despite increasing calls internationally for the inclusion of evidence-based decision-making (EBDM) processes in chronic disease prevention and control programming and policymaking, there is relatively sparse research assessing the current capacity of physicians and the factors influencing that capacity in China.Method A total of 892 physicians were collected from community healthcare centers (CHCs) in Shanghai, China. The experience-based chronic disease prevention (EBCDP) evaluation tool assessed physicians’ awareness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of EBCDP based on the RE-AIM framework. Linear regression analysis was used to assess associations between each EBCDP process and personal characteristics or organizational factors. Result Physicians from CHCs perceived their awareness (mean=4.90, SD=1.02) and maintenance (mean=4.71, SD=1.07) of EBCDP to be relatively low. Physicians with lower titles and monthly incomes >9,000 RMB per month tended to have relatively higher scores for the awareness, adoption, and implementation of EBCDP (P<0.05). Those who participated in one program were less likely to adopt (b=-0.284, P=0.007), implement (b=-0.292, P=0.004), and maintain (b=-0.225, P=0.025) EBCDP than those who participated in more programs. Physicians in general practice (Western medicine) had a lower level of awareness of EBCDP than those in other departments (P<0.0001). Those who were from the suburbs had lower scores regarding awareness (b=-0.150, P=0.047), implementation (b=-0.171, P=0.029), and maintenance (b=-0.237, P=0.002) compared with those from urban areas. Physicians in CHCs affiliated with universities had higher scores on all four EBCDP processes compared with those in CHCs not affiliated with a university. Conclusions This study provides evidence quantitatively illustrating the practice of EBCDP among physicians in CHCs with various personal and organizational characteristics. More solutions should be provided to increase their awareness of EBCDP to stimulate the use of EBCDP for chronic disease prevention and other public health priorities.

scholarly journals Comparing Knowledge, Accessibility, and Use of Evidence-Based Chronic Disease Prevention Processes Across Four Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna J. DeRuyter ◽  
Xiangji Ying ◽  
Elizabeth L. Budd ◽  
Karishma Furtado ◽  
Rodrigo Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Chronic Disease Prevention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Knowledge Accessibility

scholarly journals Building on existing tools to improve chronic disease prevention and screening in public health: a cluster randomized trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Lofters ◽  
M. A. O’Brien ◽  
R. Sutradhar ◽  
A. D. Pinto ◽  
N. N. Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Chronic Disease Prevention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Wait List ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Background The BETTER (Building on Existing Tools to Improve Chronic Disease Prevention and Screening in Primary Care) intervention was designed to integrate the approach to chronic disease prevention and screening in primary care and demonstrated effective in a previous randomized trial. Methods We tested the effectiveness of the BETTER HEALTH intervention, a public health adaptation of BETTER, at improving participation in chronic disease prevention and screening actions for residents of low-income neighbourhoods in a cluster randomized trial, with ten low-income neighbourhoods in Durham Region Ontario randomized to immediate intervention vs. wait-list. The unit of analysis was the individual, and eligible participants were adults age 40–64 years residing in the neighbourhoods. Public health nurses trained as “prevention practitioners” held one prevention-focused visit with each participant. They provided participants with a tailored prevention prescription and supported them to set health-related goals. The primary outcome was a composite index: the number of evidence-based actions achieved at six months as a proportion of those for which participants were eligible at baseline. Results Of 126 participants (60 in immediate arm; 66 in wait-list arm), 125 were included in analyses (1 participant withdrew consent). In both arms, participants were eligible for a mean of 8.6 actions at baseline. At follow-up, participants in the immediate intervention arm met 64.5% of actions for which they were eligible versus 42.1% in the wait-list arm (rate ratio 1.53 [95% confidence interval 1.22–1.84]). Conclusion Public health nurses using the BETTER HEALTH intervention led to a higher proportion of identified evidence-based prevention and screening actions achieved at six months for people living with socioeconomic disadvantage. Trial registration NCT03052959, registered February 10, 2017.

Healthy Public Policy Options to Promote Physical Activity for Chronic Disease Prevention: Understanding Canadian Policy Influencer and General Public Preferences

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 565-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Ann McGetrick ◽  
Krystyna Kongats ◽  
Kim D. Raine ◽  
Corinne Voyer ◽  
Candace I.J. Nykiforuk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Chronic Disease Prevention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Physical Activity Policy ◽  
Levels Of Support

Background: Attitudes and beliefs of policy influencers and the general public toward physical activity policy may support or impede population-level action, requiring improved understanding of aggregate preferences toward policies that promote physical activity. Methods: In 2016, the Chronic Disease Prevention Survey was administered to a census sample of policy influencers (n = 302) and a stratified random sample of the public (n = 2400) in Alberta and Québec. Using net favorable percentages and the Nuffield Council on Bioethics’ intervention ladder framework to guide analysis, the authors examined support for evidence-based healthy public policies to increase physical activity levels. Results: Less intrusive policy options (ie, policies that are not always the most impactful) tended to have higher levels of support than policies that eliminated choice. However, there was support for certain types of policies affecting influential determinants of physical activity such as the built environment (ie, provided they enabled rather than restricted choice) and school settings (ie, focusing on children and youth). Overall, the general public indicated stronger levels of support for more physical activity policy options than policy influencers. Conclusions: The authors’ findings may be useful for health advocates in identifying support for evidence-based healthy public policies affecting more influential determinants of physical activity.

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