scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effect of the specific carbohydrate diet in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillemor Berntson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Morning Stiffness ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Intestinal Immune System ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Specific Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Background Diet has an effect on the intestinal immune system, which may have consequences for inflammatory diseases. Specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) is an effective anti-inflammatory treatment for inflammatory bowel disease in children. We explored the anti-inflammatory effect of SCD in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods Twenty-two patients with JIA (age 6.3–17.3 years), with stable, low-to-medium disease activity, were included in the study. Seven children dropped out within two weeks from the start of SCD, and fifteen patients, who completed four to five weeks of SCD, were evaluated in the final analyses. A dietician introduced parents and children to SCD with written and verbal instructions, and regular follow-ups were performed during the intervention period. Patients were studied with clinical and laboratory examinations before, during and after the intervention. In addition to conventional JIA laboratory tests, analyses were performed of short chain fatty acids in faecal samples at inclusion and after two and four weeks of SCD. Results SCD significantly decreased morning stiffness (p = 0.003) and pain (p = 0.048), and improved physical function assessed through the child health assessment questionnaire (p = 0.022). Arthritis improved in five of the seven children with arthritis at inclusion. Faecal butyrate increased significantly (p = 0.020). Conclusions SCD has significant positive effect on arthritis activity, morning stiffness, pain and physical function in children with JIA. Our results suggest that change in bacterial activity of the intestinal canal by dietary intervention may provide an effective and feasible complementary treatment for JIA.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effect of the specific carbohydrate diet in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillemor Berntson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Morning Stiffness ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Intestinal Immune System ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Specific Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Background Diet has an effect on the intestinal immune system, which may have consequences for inflammatory diseases. Specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) is an effective anti-inflammatory treatment for inflammatory bowel disease in children. We explored the anti-inflammatory effect of SCD in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods Twenty-two patients with JIA (age 6.3–17.3 years), with stable, low-to-medium disease activity, were included in the study. Seven children dropped out within two weeks from the start of SCD, and fifteen patients, who completed four to five weeks of SCD, were evaluated in the final analyses. A dietician introduced parents and children to SCD with written and verbal instructions, and regular follow-ups were performed during the intervention period. Patients were studied with clinical and laboratory examinations before, during and after the intervention. In addition to conventional JIA laboratory tests, analyses were performed of short chain fatty acids in faecal samples at inclusion and after two and four weeks of SCD. Results SCD significantly decreased morning stiffness (p = 0.003) and pain (p = 0.048), and improved physical function assessed through the child health assessment questionnaire (p = 0.022). Arthritis improved in five of the seven children with arthritis at inclusion. Faecal butyrate increased significantly (p = 0.020). Conclusions SCD has significant positive effect on arthritis activity, morning stiffness, pain and physical function in children with JIA. Our results suggest that change in bacterial activity of the intestinal canal by dietary intervention may provide an effective and feasible complementary treatment for JIA.

scholarly journals A pilot study of possible anti-inflammatory effects of the specific carbohydrate diet in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillemor Berntson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Specific Carbohydrate Diet

Abstract Background To explore possible anti-inflammatory effects of the specific carbohydrate diet in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. This diet has shown anti-inflammatory effect in children with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods Twenty-two patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (age 6.3–17.3 years), with ≤2 inflamed joints and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate < 30 mm/h, were included in this explorative study. Fifteen children completing four weeks on the diet were evaluated. A dietician introduced parents and children to the diet, and two follow-ups were performed during the intervention. Conventional laboratory tests and multiplex analyses of 92 inflammatory proteins were used. Short-chain fatty acids in faecal samples were examined. Results The diet significantly decreased morning stiffness (p = 0.003) and pain (p = 0.048). Physical function, assessed through the child health assessment questionnaire, improved (p = 0.022). Arthritis improved in five of the seven children with arthritis; in those seven, multiplex analyses showed a significant decrease in nine inflammatory proteins, including TNF-alpha (p = 0.028), after four weeks. Faecal butyrate, analysed in all 15 participants, increased significantly (p = 0.020). Conclusion The specific carbohydrate diet may have significant positive effects on arthritis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, but further studies are needed. Clinical trials identifier NCT04205500, 2019/12/17, retrospectively registered. URL: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of Possible Anti-Inflammatory Effects of The Specific Carbohydrate Diet in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillemor Berntson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Child Health Assessment Questionnaire ◽  
Specific Carbohydrate Diet

Abstract Background: To explore possible anti-inflammatory effects of the specific carbohydrate diet in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. This diet has shown anti-inflammatory effect in children with inflammatory bowel disease.Methods: Twenty-two patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (age 6.3–17.3 years), with ≤ 2 inflamed joints and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate < 30 mm/h, were included in this explorative study. Fifteen children completing four weeks on the diet were evaluated. A dietician introduced parents and children to the diet, and two follow-ups were performed during the intervention. Conventional laboratory tests and multiplex analyses of 92 inflammatory proteins were used. Short-chain fatty acids in faecal samples were examined.Results: The diet significantly decreased morning stiffness (p = 0.003) and pain (p = 0.048). Physical function, assessed through the child health assessment questionnaire, improved (p = 0.022). Arthritis improved in five of the seven children with arthritis; in those seven, multiplex analyses showed a significant decrease in nine inflammatory proteins, including TNF-alpha (p = 0.028), after four weeks. Faecal butyrate, analysed in all 15 participants, increased significantly (p = 0.020).Conclusion: The specific carbohydrate diet may have significant positive effects on arthritis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, but further studies are needed.Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT04205500, 2019/12/17, retrospectively registered. URL:https://register.clinicaltrials.gov.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota from green tea polyphenol-dosed mice improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis and ameliorates experimental colitis

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Wu ◽  
Shimeng Huang ◽  
Tiantian Li ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Dandan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Green Tea Polyphenol ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Background Alteration of the gut microbiota may contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major bioactive constituent of green tea, is known to be beneficial in IBD alleviation. However, it is unclear whether the gut microbiota exerts an effect when EGCG attenuates IBD. Results We first explored the effect of oral or rectal EGCG delivery on the DSS-induced murine colitis. Our results revealed that anti-inflammatory effect and colonic barrier integrity were enhanced by oral, but not rectal, EGCG. We observed a distinct EGCG-mediated alteration in the gut microbiome by increasing Akkermansia abundance and butyrate production. Next, we demonstrated that the EGCG pre-supplementation induced similar beneficial outcomes to oral EGCG administration. Prophylactic EGCG attenuated colitis and significantly enriched short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria such as Akkermansia and SCFAs production in DSS-induced mice. To validate these discoveries, we performed fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and sterile fecal filtrate (SFF) to inoculate DSS-treated mice. Microbiota from EGCG-dosed mice alleviated the colitis over microbiota from control mice and SFF shown by superiorly anti-inflammatory effect and colonic barrier integrity, and also enriched bacteria such as Akkermansia and SCFAs. Collectively, the attenuation of colitis by oral EGCG suggests an intimate involvement of SCFAs-producing bacteria Akkermansia, and SCFAs, which was further demonstrated by prophylaxis and FMT. Conclusions This study provides the first data indicating that oral EGCG ameliorated the colonic inflammation in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Our findings provide novel insights into EGCG-mediated remission of IBD and EGCG as a potential modulator for gut microbiota to prevent and treat IBD.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Wedelolactone on Indomethacin Induced Colitis in Rats: Involvement of IL-6/STAT3 Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2813-2825
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Intestinal Immune System ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The present study was carried out to study coumestan derivative wedelolactone in Indomethacin-induced enterocolitis in rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups containing six animals per group. Group I served as normal control. Group II, Group III & Group IV receive 7.5 mg/kg, s.c, indomethacin on two consecutive days. Group III and Group IV have received a wedelolactone dose of 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg per oral, respectively, for 14 days after the induction with indomethacin. The protective effect was measured based on intestinal parameters of the disease activity index, colitis score, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the colon. The inflammation biomarkers were quantified by ELISA in the rat colon. Further, activity was ascertained by histopathology. Pro-inflammatory functions IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-2, TNF, INFγ, STAT3, and CCL-5 play an important role in the variation of the intestinal immune system. Wedelolactone showed significantly decreased Disease activity index, Colitis score, Myeoloperoxidase activity. Expression of pro-inflammatory was increased in indomethacin-induced groups and was significantly suppressed in animals administered with wedelolactone at 50 mg/kg & 100 mg/kg dose (p<0.01 & p<0.001). Histological reports also revealed that treated groups have comparatively less damage than that of the induced groups. We concluded that wedelolactone showed an anti-inflammatory effect by downregulation of the IL-6/STAT3 inflammatory signaling pathway and the equilibrium production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Dietary Short-Term Fiber Interventions in Arthritis Patients Increase Systemic SCFA Levels and Regulate Inflammation

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3207
Author(s):  
Kerstin Dürholz ◽  
Jörg Hofmann ◽  
Aida Iljazovic ◽  
Julian Häger ◽  
Sébastien Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Chronic inflammatory diseases are often initiated and guided by the release of proinflammatory mediators. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is caused by an imbalance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in the joints, thereby favoring chronic inflammation and joint damage. Here, we investigate if short-term high-fiber dietary intervention shifts this towards anti-inflammatory mediators. Healthy controls (n = 10) and RA patients (n = 29) under routine care received daily high-fiber bars for 15 or 30 days, respectively. Stool and sera were analyzed for pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. A high-fiber dietary intervention resulted in increased anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), decreased proarthritic cytokine concentrations, along with a durable shift in the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Together, these results further strengthen high-fiber dietary interventions as a practical approach complementing existing pharmacological therapies.

scholarly journals The anti-inflammatory effect of bacterial short chain fatty acids is partially mediated by endocannabinoids

Gut Microbes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Vijay ◽  
Afroditi Kouraki ◽  
Sameer Gohir ◽  
James Turnbull ◽  
Anthony Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Shows a Stronger Anti-Inflammatory Effect than Individual Strains in HT-29 Cells

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sing-Chung Li ◽  
Wei-Fang Hsu ◽  
Jung-Su Chang ◽  
Chun-Kuang Shih
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Intestinal Immune System ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ht 29 ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an emerging health problem associated with the dysregulation of the intestinal immune system and microbiome. Probiotics are able to reduce inflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). However, entire signaling pathways and the interaction between different probiotics have not been well-documented. This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of single and combined probiotics. HT-29 cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, treated with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis or their combination and analyzed for inflammation-related molecules. Both L. acidophilus and B. animalis subsp. lactis reduced interleukin (IL)-8 secretion and the expressions of phosphorylated p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (p-p65 NF-κB), phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), while they increased toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression. L. acidophilus did not decrease intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) but enhanced the inhibitory efficacy of B. animalis subsp. lactis. Combined probiotics showed the best anti-inflammatory activity. These results suggest that L. acidophilus and B. animalis subsp. lactis may exert a potent anti-inflammatory effect through modulating TLR2-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in inflammatory IECs. Both strains, especially their combination, may be novel adjuvants for IBD therapy.

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