scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Guanhui Liu ◽  
Xuzheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Local Strains ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Hosts

Abstract Background The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea. Results Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, set1B and stx were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15%, 48.15% and 0, respectively. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs. Conclusion Our findings of this study have enriched our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Qiqi Zhu ◽  
Tenghe Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Local Strains ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Hosts

Abstract Background The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea. Results Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, set1B and stx were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15%, 48.15% and 0, respectively. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs. Conclusion Our findings of this study have enriched our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Guanhui Liu ◽  
Xuzheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Local Strains ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Hosts

Abstract Background The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea. Results Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, set1B and stx were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15%, 48.15% and 0, respectively. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs. Conclusion Our findings of this study have enriched our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Guanhui Liu ◽  
Xuzheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Baseline Information

Abstract Background: The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.Methods: From 2014 to 2016, 54 S. flexneri isolates were collected from diarrhea, and their biochemical characteristics were determined according to API20E and virulence factors via PCR. The molecular characteristics of the isolates were studied by MLST, MLVA and PFGE.Results: Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, and set1B were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15% and 48.15%, respectively. None of the studied strains possessed the stx gene. Regarding the differences in virulence factor distributions, the 54 S. flexneri isolates fell into seven gene profile types. Among these VTs, VT4 and VT6 were the most common, accounting for 74.07% of all VTs. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs, with 1 ST (ST227) being novel.Conclusion: Our findings provide baseline information on the distribution of virulence genes in and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which is a potential threat to public safety. These data will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Guanhui Liu ◽  
Xuzheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Baseline Information

Abstract Background: The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.Methods: From 2014 to 2016, 54 S. flexneri isolates were collected from diarrhea, and their biochemical characteristics were determined according to API20E and virulence factors via PCR. The molecular characteristics of the isolates were studied by MLST, MLVA and PFGE.Results: Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, and set1B were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15% and 48.15%, respectively. None of the studied strains possessed the stx gene. Regarding the differences in virulence factor distributions, the 54 S. flexneri isolates fell into seven gene profile types. Among these VTs, VT4 and VT6 were the most common, accounting for 74.07% of all VTs. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs, with 1 ST (ST227) being novel.Conclusion: Our findings provide baseline information on the distribution of virulence genes in and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which is a potential threat to public safety. These data will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Guanhui Liu ◽  
Xuzheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Baseline Information

Abstract Background: The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.Methods: From 2014 to 2016, 54 S. flexneri isolates were collected from diarrhea, and their biochemical characteristics were determined according to API20E and virulence factors via PCR. The molecular characteristics of the isolates were studied by MLST, MLVA and PFGE.Results: Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, and set1B were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15% and 48.15%, respectively. None of the studied strains possessed the stx gene. Regarding the differences in virulence factor distributions, the 54 S. flexneri isolates fell into seven gene profile types. Among these VTs, VT4 and VT6 were the most common, accounting for 74.07% of all VTs. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs, with 1 ST (ST227) being novel.Conclusion: Our findings provide baseline information on the distribution of virulence genes in and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which is a potential threat to public safety. These data will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Guanhui Liu ◽  
Xuzheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Baseline Information

Abstract Background: The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.Methods: From 2014 to 2016, 54 S. flexneri isolates were collected from diarrhea, and their biochemical characteristics were determined according to API20E and virulence factors via PCR. The molecular characteristics of the isolates were studied by MLST, MLVA and PFGE.Results: Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, and set1B were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15% and 48.15%, respectively. None of the studied strains possessed the stx gene. Regarding the differences in virulence factor distributions, the 54 S. flexneri isolates fell into seven gene profile types. Among these VTs, VT4 and VT6 were the most common, accounting for 74.07% of all VTs. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs, with 1 ST (ST227) being novel.Conclusion: Our findings provide baseline information on the distribution of virulence genes in and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which is a potential threat to public safety. These data will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Guanhui Liu ◽  
Xuzheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Baseline Information

Abstract Background: The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.Methods: From 2014 to 2016, 54 S. flexneri isolates were collected from diarrhea, and their biochemical characteristics were determined according to API20E and virulence factors via PCR. The molecular characteristics of the isolates were studied by MLST, MLVA and PFGE.Results: Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, and set1B were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15% and 48.15%, respectively. None of the studied strains possessed the stx gene. Regarding the differences in virulence factor distributions, the 54 S. flexneri isolates fell into seven gene profile types. Among these VTs, VT4 and VT6 were the most common, accounting for 74.07% of all VTs. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs, with 1 ST (ST227) being novel.Conclusion: Our findings provide baseline information on the distribution of virulence genes in and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which is a potential threat to public safety. These data will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Mingze Cao ◽  
Qiqi Zhu ◽  
Tenghe Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background The natural hosts of Shigella are typically humans and other primates, but it has been shown that the host range of Shigella has expanded to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a major threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea. Results Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates from Gansun, Shanxi, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Tibet obtained during 2014 to 2016 possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, set1B and stx were 100 %, 100 %, 77.78 %, 79.63 %, 48.15 %, 48.15 and 0 %, respectively. Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) based on 8 variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MLVA types (MTs), pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PFGE types (PTs), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 MLST sequence types (STs). Conclusions The findings from this study enrich our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from calves with diarrhea, which will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding shigellosis.

scholarly journals Clinical and Molecular Characteristics and Outcome of Cystic Partially Differentiated Nephroblastoma and Cystic Nephroma: A Narrative Review of the Literature

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Sophie E. van Peer ◽  
Corine J. H. Pleijte ◽  
Ronald R. de Krijger ◽  
Marjolijn C. J. Jongmans ◽  
Roland P. Kuiper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Renal Tumor ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Cystic Nephroma ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Excellent Outcome

In children presenting with a predominantly cystic renal tumor, the most likely diagnoses include cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma (CPDN) and cystic nephroma (CN). Both entities are rare and limited information on the clinical and molecular characteristics, treatment, and outcome is available since large cohort studies are lacking. We performed an extensive literature review, in which we identified 113 CPDN and 167 CN. The median age at presentation for CPDN and CN was 12 months (range: 3 weeks–4 years) and 16 months (prenatal diagnosis–16 years), respectively. No patients presented with metastatic disease. Bilateral disease occurred in both entities. Surgery was the main treatment for both. Two/113 CPDN patients and 26/167 CN patients had previous, concomitant, or subsequent other tumors. Unlike CPDN, CN was strongly associated with somatic (n = 27/29) and germline (n = 12/12) DICER1-mutations. Four CPDN patients and one CN patient relapsed. Death was reported in six/103 patients with CPDN and six/118 CN patients, none directly due to disease. In conclusion, children with CPDN and CN are young, do not present with metastases, and have an excellent outcome. Awareness of concomitant or subsequent tumors and genetic testing is important. International registration of cystic renal tumor cohorts is required to enable a better understanding of clinical and genetic characteristics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document