scholarly journals Modeling and Analysis of Mixed Traffic Networks with Human-driven and Autonomous Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Xu ◽  
Chaoyi Chen ◽  
Xueyang Chang ◽  
Dongpu Cao ◽  
Mengchi Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Modeling ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Conservation Problem ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Research Gap

Abstract The emergence of connected and automated vehicles (CAV) indicates improved traffic mobility in future traffic transportation systems. This study addresses the research gap in macroscopic traffic modeling of mixed traffic networks where CAV and human-driven vehicles coexist. CAV behavior is explicitly included in the proposed traffic network model, and the vehicle number non-conservation problem is overcome by describing the approaching and departure vehicle number in discrete time. The proposed model is verified in typical CAV cooperation scenarios. The performance of CAV coordination is analyzed in road, intersection and network scenario. Total travel time of the vehicles in the network is proved to be reduced when coordination are applied. Simulation results validate the accuracy of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Pricing of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles in Mixed-Traffic Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812098585
Author(s):  
Paolo Delle Site
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Marginal Cost ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Social Planner ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Case ◽  
Marginal Cost Pricing ◽  
The Social

For networks with human-driven vehicles (HDVs) only, pricing with arc-specific tolls has been proposed to achieve minimization of travel times in a decentralized way. However, the policy is hardly feasible from a technical viewpoint without connectivity. Therefore, for networks with mixed traffic of HDVs and connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), this paper considers pricing in a scenario where only CAVs are charged. In contrast to HDVs, CAVs can be managed as individual vehicles or as a fleet. In the latter case, CAVs can be routed to minimize the travel time of the fleet of CAVs or that of the entire fleet of HDVs and CAVs. We have a selfish user behavior in the first case, a private monopolist behavior in the second, a social planner behavior in the third. Pricing achieves in a decentralized way the social planner optimum. Tolls are not unique and can take both positive and negative values. Marginal cost pricing is one solution. The valid toll set is provided, and tolls are then computed according to two schemes: one with positive tolls only and minimum toll expenditure, and one with both tolls and subsidies and zero net expenditure. Convergent algorithms are used for the mixed-behavior equilibrium (simplicial decomposition algorithm) and toll determination (cutting plane algorithm). The computational experience with three networks: a two-arc network representative of the classic town bypass case, the Nguyen-Dupuis network, and the Anaheim network, provides useful policy insight.

Multiple-Factors Aware Car-Following Model for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110452
Author(s):  
Huaqing Ma ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Yucong Hu ◽  
Zhiwei Chen ◽  
Jialing Luo
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Velocity Difference ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Car Following Model ◽  
The Stability

The emergence of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAV) is of great significance to the development of transportation systems. This paper proposes a multiple-factors aware car-following (MACF) model for CAVs with the consideration of multiple factors including vehicle co-optimization velocity, velocity difference of multiple PVs, and space headway of multiple PVs. The Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) dataset and the genetic algorithm are used to calibrate the parameters of the model. The stability of the MACF model is first theoretically proved and then empirically verified via numerical simulation experiments. In addition, the VISSIM software is partially redeveloped based on the MACF model to analyze mixed traffic flows consisting of human-driven vehicles and CAVs. Results show that the integration of CAVs based on the MACF model effectively improves the average velocity and throughput of the system.

scholarly journals Multiobjective design of sustainable public transportation systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Rossit ◽  
S. Nesmachnow ◽  
J. Toutouh
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Public Transportation Systems ◽  
Multiobjective Design

The design of the bus network is a complex problem in modern cities, since different conflicting objectives have to be considered, from both the perspective of bus companies and the citizens. This article presents a multiobjective model for designing a sustainable public transportation network that simultaneously optimizes the covered travel demands by passengers, the total travel time, and the generated pollution. The proposed model is solved using exact weighted sum and a heuristic procedure based on the standard shortest path problem. Preliminary tests were performed in small real-world instances of Montevideo, Uruguay. Experiments allowed obtaining a set of compromising solutions that in turn allow exploring different trade-off among the optimization criteria. The proposed heuristic was competitive, being able to find a good compromising solution in short computing times.

scholarly journals An Integrated Variable Speed Limit and ALINEA Ramp Metering Model in the Presence of High Bus Volume

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadashzadeh ◽  
Ergun
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Congestion Management ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Microscopic Simulation ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Total Travel Time

Under many circumstances, when providing full bus priority methods, urban transport officials have to operate buses in mixed traffic based on their road network limitations. In the case of Istanbul's Metrobus lane, for instance, when the route comes to the pre-designed Bosphorus Bridge, it has no choice but to merge with highway mixed traffic until it gets to the other side. Much has been written on the relative success of implementing Ramp Metering (RM), for example ALINEA (‘Asservissement line´ aire d’entre´ e autoroutie’) and Variable Speed Limits (VSL), two of the most widely-used “merging congestion” management strategies, in both a separate and combined manner. However, there has been no detailed study regarding the combination of these systems in the face of high bus volume. This being the case, the ultimate goal of this study is to bridge this gap by developing and proposing a combination of VSL and RM strategies in the presence of high bus volume (VSL+ALINEA/B). The proposed model has been coded using microscopic simulation software—VISSIM—and its vehicle actuated programming (VAP) feature; referred to as VisVAP. For current traffic conditions, the proposed model is able to improve total travel time by 9.0%, lower the number of average delays of mixed traffic and buses by 29.1% and 81.5% respectively, increase average speed by 12.7%, boost bottleneck throughout by 2.8%, and lower fuel consumption, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) emissions by 17.3% compared to the existing “VSL+ALINEA” model. The results of the scenario analysis confirmed that the proposed model is not only able to decrease delay times on the Metrobus system but is also able to improve the adverse effects of high bus volume when subject to adjacent mixed traffic flow along highway sections.

Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Covid-19 Infection spreads in India with Restricted Optimal Treatment on Disease Incidence

BIOMATH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2106147
Author(s):  
Debkumar Pal ◽  
D Ghosh ◽  
P K Santra ◽  
G S Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

This paper presents the current situation and how to minimize its effect in India through a mathematical model of infectious Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This model consists of six compartments to population classes consisting of susceptible, exposed, home quarantined, government quarantined, infected individuals in treatment, and recovered class. The basic reproduction number is calculated, and the stabilities of the proposed model at the disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium are observed. The next crucial treatment control of the Covid-19 epidemic model is presented in India's situation. An objective function is considered by incorporating the optimal infected individuals and the cost of necessary treatment. Finally, optimal control is achieved that minimizes our anticipated objective function. Numerical observations are presented utilizing MATLAB software to demonstrate the consistency of present-day representation from a realistic standpoint.

Maximizing the value for money of road projects through digitalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Oliveira Cruz ◽  
Joaquim Miranda Sarmento
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Using Data

Roads are a central element of transportation systems, enabling economic and social development, fostering territorial cohesion and facilitating the movement of people and cargo. Governments have devoted significant financial resources to developing and improving their road networks, and are still facing increasing pressure to ensure proper maintenance and payments to those concessionaires that developed roads under public–private partnership arrangements. As in other sectors, digitalization is paving a way towards significant changes in the way we build, operate and finance infrastructure. These changes will have a profound impact on the entire life cycle of an infrastructure, from the design and/or construction stage, to its operation and transfer. This article provides an overall overview of the main technological developments which are, or could impact road infrastructure in the short, medium and long term. For each technological development identified in our research, we analyse the potential impact on Capex, Opex and revenues as well as their level of maturity and expected lifetime for mass adoption, and also the main bottlenecks or barriers to implementation. Additionally, we explore potential savings on investment (capex) and operational costs (opex) and increase in revenues, using data from the Portuguese highway companies. Savings can represent almost 30% of capex and opex. Overall, savings and increases in revenues can represent an impact similar to 20–40% of current revenues. The findings show that digitalization and technological development in the road sector can significantly impact the economic performance of roads, thus enhancing the value of money for the society. The findings also show that there might be some excess capacity of road systems once autonomous vehicles achieve higher market penetration. However, there are still some relevant legal, regulatory, institutional and technological and economic barriers that are slowing down the digitalization process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document